Ali Hossein Khani is Assistant Professor at the Iranian Institute of Philosophy (IRIP) and a researcher at the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM). He is the author of three entries for the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP), as well as the monograph Kripke’s Wittgenstein: Meaning, Rules, and Scepticism, published in the Anthem Studies in Wittgenstein series. He is co‑editor, with Gary N. Kemp, of The Quinean Mind (Routledge, forthcoming), as well as Naturalism and Its Challenges (Routledge, 2024).Gary N. Kemp is Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, UK. His recent books include Quine’s Philosophy: An Introduction (2023), What Is This Thing Called Philosophy of Language? (3rd edition, Routledge, 2024), and Quine vs. Davidson:Truth, Reference and Meaning (2012). He is co‑editor of Richard Wollheim’s Uncollected Writings: Writing on Art (2024), Quine and His Place in History (2015), and Wittgenstein, Wollheim, and Pictorial Representation: Seeing‑As and Seeing‑In (Routledge, 2016).

• Notes on Contributors Acknowledgements Preface 1. Ludwig Wittgenstein: An Overview P. M. S. Hacker Part 1: Pre-1960 Influences 2. Frank Ramsey’s Wittgenstein: On the Tractatus Fraser MacBride 3. Bertrand Russell’s Wittgenstein: Scientific Philosophy Gregory Landini 4. Rudolf Carnap’s Wittgenstein André W. Carus 5. Gilbert Ryle’s Wittgenstein Julia Tanney 6. Elizabeth Anscombe’s Wittgenstein Roger Teichmann 7. Peter Geach’s Wittgenstein Michael Potter 8. Nelson Goodman’s Wittgenstein: A Reappraisal of their Discussion of Skeptical Paradoxes Pieranna Garavaso 9. Paul Grice’s Wittgenstein Siobhan Chapman 10. P.F. Strawson’s Wittgenstein Benjamin De Mesel and Hans-Johann Glock 11. Ruth Barcan Marcus’s Wittgenstein Frederique Janssen-Lauret Part 2: Post-1960 Influences 12. Wilfrid Sellars’s Wittgenstein: Wittgenstein, Sellars, and Pictures Willem A. deVries 13. W.V.O. Quine’s Wittgenstein Gary N. Kemp and Andrew Lugg 14. Donald Davidson’s Wittgenstein: Affinities and Contrasts Kirk Ludwig 15. David Lewis’s Wittgenstein: Lewis and the Later Wittgenstein Fraser MacBride 16. Michael Dummett’s Wittgenstein Bernhard Weiss 17. Hidé Ishiguro’s Wittgenstein José Zalabardo 18. Jaakko Hintikka’s Wittgenstein: Recovering Reality Daniel Kolak 19. Hilary Putnam’s Wittgenstein Maximilian de Gaynesford 20. Stanley Cavell’s Wittgenstein Russell B. Goodman 21. Bernard Williams’s Wittgenstein: Who are ‘We’? Gerald Lang 22. Richard Rorty’s Wittgenstein: On Rorty’s Quining of Wittgenstein David Macarthur 23. Saul Kripke’s Wittgenstein: A Meaning Revisionist? Ali Hossein Khani 24. Barry Stroud’s Wittgenstein Claudine Verheggen 25. John R. Searle’s Wittgenstein Mitchell S. Green 26. David Wiggins’s Wittgenstein Sophie Grace Chappell 27. Thomas Nagel’s Wittgenstein: The Only Genius of the Century? Anita Avramides 28. Simon Blackburn’s Wittgenstein: The Quasi-Realist Ali Hossein Khani 29. John McDowell’s Wittgenstein Marie McGinn 30. Crispin Wright’s Wittgenstein Alexander Miller 31. Noam Chomsky’s Wittgenstein: On Things (Not) to Do to Concepts Tamara Dobler Part 3: Current Philosophers and Their Wittgensteins 32. Cora Diamond’s Wittgenstein Cora Diamond 33. Charles Travis’s Wittgenstein: Putting Crystalline Purity in Its Place. A Précis Charles Travis 34. Robert Brandom’s Wittgenstein: Some Strands of Wittgenstein’s Normative Pragmatism, and Some Strains of his Semantic Nihilism Robert B. Brandom 35. Colin McGinn’s Wittgenstein Colin McGinn 36. Paul Horwich’s Wittgenstein Paul Horwich 37. Penelope Maddy’s Wittgenstein Penelope Maddy 38. Paul Boghossian’s Wittgenstein: The Problem of Meaning in the later Wittgenstein Paul Boghossian 39. A.W. Moore’s Wittgenstein A. W. Moore 40. Danièle Moyal-Sharrock’s, Duncan H. Pritchard’s, and Annalisa Coliva’s Wittgenstein: The Hinge Epistemology Program Danièle Moyal-Sharrock, Duncan H. Pritchard, and Annalisa Coliva. Index