Ayca Arkilic is Senior Lecturer in Political Science and International Relations at Victoria University of Wellington. Her research interests are state-diaspora relations and Islam in the West. She is the author of Diaspora Diplomacy: The Politics of Turkish Emigration to Europe (2022).Banu Senay is Senior Lecturer in the Discipline of Anthropology at the School of Social Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney. She is the author of Beyond Turkey's Borders: Long-distance Kemalism, State Politics, and the Turkish Diaspora (2013) and Musical Ethics and Islam: The Art of Playing the Ney (2020).

"Diaspora in migration studies is a deeply contested concept with often diametrically opposed scholarly approaches. It is also a highly politicised concept and gives sometimes rise to heated debates. Without a doubt diaspora cannot be tackled with a one-size-fits-all approach. The editors of this handbook have understood this quite well. They have compiled chapters that together display the multitude of contextual and historical manifestations and modalities of diaspora. The chapters are published in a Handbook of Turkey’s Diasporas, but the contributions are a must-read also for those working in other fields."Thijl Sunier, Chair of Islam in European Societies and Professor of Anthropology of Religion, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"In this collection of illuminating contributions on Turkey’s diasporas, Ayca Arkilic and Banu Senay have assembled a highly innovative group of expert authors who give guidance to this crucial case in diaspora studies. The content of this volume is characterized by diverse disciplines, and the contributions convincingly employ insights from various conceptual perspectives. They establish new ground in topics ranging from the historical trajectories, emigration patterns and efforts at diaspora control to external voting, dual citizenship and engagement in country-of-origin affairs. Each of the individual chapters draws a differentiated portrait. A truly remarkable achievement."Thomas Faist, Professor of Sociology, Bielefeld University"Turkey’s diaspora population is an impressive account of migration spread globally. The volume traces the paths of Turkey’s diasporas from “guest workers” in Europe to “citizens abroad” worldwide. Its chapters show various connections across different family and commercial networks, linking private and public spaces as well as economic and political ones; they present the impact of their experiences abroad on the home country and vice-versa, that is the effect of home country on their everyday experiences abroad. Past and present modes of organisation, mobilisation, new dynamics on cultural production combining various local, national, regional inputs, reflect multiple belongings and a sense of citizenship here and there. This handbook, in which empirical research meets conceptual analysis, is also important for comparisons with other diasporic experiences and an indispensable example for those working on this important social and political issue that is at the core of mobility of individuals and globalisation of states."Riva Kastoryano, Research Director Emerite CNRS, Sciences Po - CERI

• 1. Turkey’s Diasporas and Diaspora Policymaking in Flux: An Introduction Part I: Contextualising Turkey’s Diasporas: Past and Present 2. Moving Populations: The Foundations of Diaspora in the Early Republic of Turkey 3. From ‘Guest-Workers’ to ‘Muslims’: Representations of Turkish-Origin Migrants in Europe 4. A History of Turkish Guest Workers in Germany 5. The Making of New Diasporic Communities?: Post-2000 Migration from Turkey to Europe 6. Migration and Citizenship Regimes in Europe: The Meandering Path to Dual Citizenship in Germany and the Netherlands 7. The Diaspora Paradox: Methodological Nationalism, Methodological Amnesia, Challenges, and Interventions Part II: Localisation, Transnational Belongings, and Identity 8. Constantinopolitans in the Diaspora of the City: The Global Community of Rum Polites of Istanbul 9. Enforced Departures, Anxious Arrivals: A Turkish Diaspora in Israel 10. The Formation of a Kurdish Diaspora and Transnational Politics 11. The Alevi Movement in Europe: A Collective Struggle for Visibility, Rights, and Recognition 12. The Turkish Muslim Field in Western Europe Part III: Governing Diasporas 13. Turkey’s Diaspora Engagement Policies: Past and Present 14. State-Sponsored Transnational Religious Fields: The Case of the Diyanet 15. Turkey’s Diaspora Youth Diplomacy 16. Unpacking the State from the Inside Out: Emerging Spaces and Actors of Diaspora Governance in the Border Province of Edirne 17. Non-resident Citizen Voting and Transnational Mobilisation of Political Parties: The Case of Turkey 18. Turkish Immigrant-origin Political Parties in Europe: The Case of DENK in the Netherlands 19. How has Turkey Re-fashioned its Diaspora Engagement Policy during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Part IV: Micro-spaces and Everyday Practices 20. “Mosques are life itself there”: The Social Lives of Turkish-Sunni Mosques in Germany 21. Performance, Advocacy, and Transnational Networks of Solidarity for Turkish-Speaking Queer Migrants in Berlin 22. Whose Neighbourhood, Whose City, Whose Country? Visible and Invisible Turkish Diasporic Spaces in Berlin and New York City 23. Post-Migration Society and Turkish Football Clubs in Berlin 24. Marriage Trajectories of Turkey-originated Youth in Europe 25. Lending Circles: A Solidarity Practice Among Migrant Women from Turkey in Germany Part V: Cultural Production, Aesthetics, and Creativity 26. Turkish Rap Music, Made in Germany: Origins, History, and Identity 27. A Marketplace of Love: Muhabbet and the Construction of European Alevi Imaginaries 28. Cinematographic Expressions of Diasporic Experience: Decades of Turkish-German Cinema 29. Writing Home and Selves in Diaspora: Narratives, Texts, and Practices 30. Graphic Politics: Resistance and Community Building through Comics Activism among Turkey’s Diaspora(s) 31. From Berlin to the Globe: The Transnational Story of Döner Kebab Part VI: Country-Specific Perspectives 32. Turkey’s Diaspora in Germany: A Transnational Community Divided between Transnational Integration and Distant-Nationalism 33. The “Turkish” Community in France: An Influential Branch of the Diaspora 34. Political Participation and Representation of Dutch Citizens with Roots in Turkey 35. Alevi Kurds in the United Kingdom: Community Formation, Visibility, and Integration 36. United We Divide: Turkey’s Hyper-Polarised Diaspora in the USA 37. Turkey’s Diasporas Down Under: Migration to Australia and New Zealand

Ayca Arkilic is Senior Lecturer in Political Science and International Relations at Victoria University of Wellington. Her research interests are state-diaspora relations and Islam in the West. She is the author of Diaspora Diplomacy: The Politics of Turkish Emigration to Europe (2022).Banu Senay is Senior Lecturer in the Discipline of Anthropology at the School of Social Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney. She is the author of Beyond Turkey's Borders: Long-distance Kemalism, State Politics, and the Turkish Diaspora (2013) and Musical Ethics and Islam: The Art of Playing the Ney (2020).

"Diaspora in migration studies is a deeply contested concept with often diametrically opposed scholarly approaches. It is also a highly politicised concept and gives sometimes rise to heated debates. Without a doubt diaspora cannot be tackled with a one-size-fits-all approach. The editors of this handbook have understood this quite well. They have compiled chapters that together display the multitude of contextual and historical manifestations and modalities of diaspora. The chapters are published in a Handbook of Turkey’s Diasporas, but the contributions are a must-read also for those working in other fields."Thijl Sunier, Chair of Islam in European Societies and Professor of Anthropology of Religion, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"In this collection of illuminating contributions on Turkey’s diasporas, Ayca Arkilic and Banu Senay have assembled a highly innovative group of expert authors who give guidance to this crucial case in diaspora studies. The content of this volume is characterized by diverse disciplines, and the contributions convincingly employ insights from various conceptual perspectives. They establish new ground in topics ranging from the historical trajectories, emigration patterns and efforts at diaspora control to external voting, dual citizenship and engagement in country-of-origin affairs. Each of the individual chapters draws a differentiated portrait. A truly remarkable achievement."Thomas Faist, Professor of Sociology, Bielefeld University"Turkey’s diaspora population is an impressive account of migration spread globally. The volume traces the paths of Turkey’s diasporas from “guest workers” in Europe to “citizens abroad” worldwide. Its chapters show various connections across different family and commercial networks, linking private and public spaces as well as economic and political ones; they present the impact of their experiences abroad on the home country and vice-versa, that is the effect of home country on their everyday experiences abroad. Past and present modes of organisation, mobilisation, new dynamics on cultural production combining various local, national, regional inputs, reflect multiple belongings and a sense of citizenship here and there. This handbook, in which empirical research meets conceptual analysis, is also important for comparisons with other diasporic experiences and an indispensable example for those working on this important social and political issue that is at the core of mobility of individuals and globalisation of states."Riva Kastoryano, Research Director Emerite CNRS, Sciences Po - CERI

• 1. Turkey’s Diasporas and Diaspora Policymaking in Flux: An Introduction Part I: Contextualising Turkey’s Diasporas: Past and Present 2. Moving Populations: The Foundations of Diaspora in the Early Republic of Turkey 3. From ‘Guest-Workers’ to ‘Muslims’: Representations of Turkish-Origin Migrants in Europe 4. A History of Turkish Guest Workers in Germany 5. The Making of New Diasporic Communities?: Post-2000 Migration from Turkey to Europe 6. Migration and Citizenship Regimes in Europe: The Meandering Path to Dual Citizenship in Germany and the Netherlands 7. The Diaspora Paradox: Methodological Nationalism, Methodological Amnesia, Challenges, and Interventions Part II: Localisation, Transnational Belongings, and Identity 8. Constantinopolitans in the Diaspora of the City: The Global Community of Rum Polites of Istanbul 9. Enforced Departures, Anxious Arrivals: A Turkish Diaspora in Israel 10. The Formation of a Kurdish Diaspora and Transnational Politics 11. The Alevi Movement in Europe: A Collective Struggle for Visibility, Rights, and Recognition 12. The Turkish Muslim Field in Western Europe Part III: Governing Diasporas 13. Turkey’s Diaspora Engagement Policies: Past and Present 14. State-Sponsored Transnational Religious Fields: The Case of the Diyanet 15. Turkey’s Diaspora Youth Diplomacy 16. Unpacking the State from the Inside Out: Emerging Spaces and Actors of Diaspora Governance in the Border Province of Edirne 17. Non-resident Citizen Voting and Transnational Mobilisation of Political Parties: The Case of Turkey 18. Turkish Immigrant-origin Political Parties in Europe: The Case of DENK in the Netherlands 19. How has Turkey Re-fashioned its Diaspora Engagement Policy during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Part IV: Micro-spaces and Everyday Practices 20. “Mosques are life itself there”: The Social Lives of Turkish-Sunni Mosques in Germany 21. Performance, Advocacy, and Transnational Networks of Solidarity for Turkish-Speaking Queer Migrants in Berlin 22. Whose Neighbourhood, Whose City, Whose Country? Visible and Invisible Turkish Diasporic Spaces in Berlin and New York City 23. Post-Migration Society and Turkish Football Clubs in Berlin 24. Marriage Trajectories of Turkey-originated Youth in Europe 25. Lending Circles: A Solidarity Practice Among Migrant Women from Turkey in Germany Part V: Cultural Production, Aesthetics, and Creativity 26. Turkish Rap Music, Made in Germany: Origins, History, and Identity 27. A Marketplace of Love: Muhabbet and the Construction of European Alevi Imaginaries 28. Cinematographic Expressions of Diasporic Experience: Decades of Turkish-German Cinema 29. Writing Home and Selves in Diaspora: Narratives, Texts, and Practices 30. Graphic Politics: Resistance and Community Building through Comics Activism among Turkey’s Diaspora(s) 31. From Berlin to the Globe: The Transnational Story of Döner Kebab Part VI: Country-Specific Perspectives 32. Turkey’s Diaspora in Germany: A Transnational Community Divided between Transnational Integration and Distant-Nationalism 33. The “Turkish” Community in France: An Influential Branch of the Diaspora 34. Political Participation and Representation of Dutch Citizens with Roots in Turkey 35. Alevi Kurds in the United Kingdom: Community Formation, Visibility, and Integration 36. United We Divide: Turkey’s Hyper-Polarised Diaspora in the USA 37. Turkey’s Diasporas Down Under: Migration to Australia and New Zealand

Ayca Arkilic is Senior Lecturer in Political Science and International Relations at Victoria University of Wellington. Her research interests are state-diaspora relations and Islam in the West. She is the author of Diaspora Diplomacy: The Politics of Turkish Emigration to Europe (2022).Banu Senay is Senior Lecturer in the Discipline of Anthropology at the School of Social Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney. She is the author of Beyond Turkey's Borders: Long-distance Kemalism, State Politics, and the Turkish Diaspora (2013) and Musical Ethics and Islam: The Art of Playing the Ney (2020).

"Diaspora in migration studies is a deeply contested concept with often diametrically opposed scholarly approaches. It is also a highly politicised concept and gives sometimes rise to heated debates. Without a doubt diaspora cannot be tackled with a one-size-fits-all approach. The editors of this handbook have understood this quite well. They have compiled chapters that together display the multitude of contextual and historical manifestations and modalities of diaspora. The chapters are published in a Handbook of Turkey’s Diasporas, but the contributions are a must-read also for those working in other fields."Thijl Sunier, Chair of Islam in European Societies and Professor of Anthropology of Religion, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"In this collection of illuminating contributions on Turkey’s diasporas, Ayca Arkilic and Banu Senay have assembled a highly innovative group of expert authors who give guidance to this crucial case in diaspora studies. The content of this volume is characterized by diverse disciplines, and the contributions convincingly employ insights from various conceptual perspectives. They establish new ground in topics ranging from the historical trajectories, emigration patterns and efforts at diaspora control to external voting, dual citizenship and engagement in country-of-origin affairs. Each of the individual chapters draws a differentiated portrait. A truly remarkable achievement."Thomas Faist, Professor of Sociology, Bielefeld University"Turkey’s diaspora population is an impressive account of migration spread globally. The volume traces the paths of Turkey’s diasporas from “guest workers” in Europe to “citizens abroad” worldwide. Its chapters show various connections across different family and commercial networks, linking private and public spaces as well as economic and political ones; they present the impact of their experiences abroad on the home country and vice-versa, that is the effect of home country on their everyday experiences abroad. Past and present modes of organisation, mobilisation, new dynamics on cultural production combining various local, national, regional inputs, reflect multiple belongings and a sense of citizenship here and there. This handbook, in which empirical research meets conceptual analysis, is also important for comparisons with other diasporic experiences and an indispensable example for those working on this important social and political issue that is at the core of mobility of individuals and globalisation of states."Riva Kastoryano, Research Director Emerite CNRS, Sciences Po - CERI

• 1. Turkey’s Diasporas and Diaspora Policymaking in Flux: An Introduction Part I: Contextualising Turkey’s Diasporas: Past and Present 2. Moving Populations: The Foundations of Diaspora in the Early Republic of Turkey 3. From ‘Guest-Workers’ to ‘Muslims’: Representations of Turkish-Origin Migrants in Europe 4. A History of Turkish Guest Workers in Germany 5. The Making of New Diasporic Communities?: Post-2000 Migration from Turkey to Europe 6. Migration and Citizenship Regimes in Europe: The Meandering Path to Dual Citizenship in Germany and the Netherlands 7. The Diaspora Paradox: Methodological Nationalism, Methodological Amnesia, Challenges, and Interventions Part II: Localisation, Transnational Belongings, and Identity 8. Constantinopolitans in the Diaspora of the City: The Global Community of Rum Polites of Istanbul 9. Enforced Departures, Anxious Arrivals: A Turkish Diaspora in Israel 10. The Formation of a Kurdish Diaspora and Transnational Politics 11. The Alevi Movement in Europe: A Collective Struggle for Visibility, Rights, and Recognition 12. The Turkish Muslim Field in Western Europe Part III: Governing Diasporas 13. Turkey’s Diaspora Engagement Policies: Past and Present 14. State-Sponsored Transnational Religious Fields: The Case of the Diyanet 15. Turkey’s Diaspora Youth Diplomacy 16. Unpacking the State from the Inside Out: Emerging Spaces and Actors of Diaspora Governance in the Border Province of Edirne 17. Non-resident Citizen Voting and Transnational Mobilisation of Political Parties: The Case of Turkey 18. Turkish Immigrant-origin Political Parties in Europe: The Case of DENK in the Netherlands 19. How has Turkey Re-fashioned its Diaspora Engagement Policy during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Part IV: Micro-spaces and Everyday Practices 20. “Mosques are life itself there”: The Social Lives of Turkish-Sunni Mosques in Germany 21. Performance, Advocacy, and Transnational Networks of Solidarity for Turkish-Speaking Queer Migrants in Berlin 22. Whose Neighbourhood, Whose City, Whose Country? Visible and Invisible Turkish Diasporic Spaces in Berlin and New York City 23. Post-Migration Society and Turkish Football Clubs in Berlin 24. Marriage Trajectories of Turkey-originated Youth in Europe 25. Lending Circles: A Solidarity Practice Among Migrant Women from Turkey in Germany Part V: Cultural Production, Aesthetics, and Creativity 26. Turkish Rap Music, Made in Germany: Origins, History, and Identity 27. A Marketplace of Love: Muhabbet and the Construction of European Alevi Imaginaries 28. Cinematographic Expressions of Diasporic Experience: Decades of Turkish-German Cinema 29. Writing Home and Selves in Diaspora: Narratives, Texts, and Practices 30. Graphic Politics: Resistance and Community Building through Comics Activism among Turkey’s Diaspora(s) 31. From Berlin to the Globe: The Transnational Story of Döner Kebab Part VI: Country-Specific Perspectives 32. Turkey’s Diaspora in Germany: A Transnational Community Divided between Transnational Integration and Distant-Nationalism 33. The “Turkish” Community in France: An Influential Branch of the Diaspora 34. Political Participation and Representation of Dutch Citizens with Roots in Turkey 35. Alevi Kurds in the United Kingdom: Community Formation, Visibility, and Integration 36. United We Divide: Turkey’s Hyper-Polarised Diaspora in the USA 37. Turkey’s Diasporas Down Under: Migration to Australia and New Zealand