Ingrid Maren Furniss is a professor of art history at Lafayette College. She is the author of Music in Ancient China: An Archaeological and Art Historical Study of Strings, Winds, and Drums during the Eastern Zhou and Han Periods (770 BCE to 220 CE).

• 1. Introduction and Methodology Part 1: Lutes from the Distant Margins 2. The Archaeology of Lutes in Western Asia 3. Archaeological Evidence for Lutes in Central and South Asia: Innovation and Diversity Part 2: Lutes and China's Border Regions 4. The Round-bodied lute (Ruanxian) in Chinese Funerary Art of the Third to Sixth Centuries 5. Lutes and the Deities that Play Them in Buddhist Art of Northwest China Part 3: From Periphery to Center 6. The Pipa and Marginalized Musicians in Six Dynasties to Tang 7. The Round-Bodied Lute (Ruanxian) in Tang Literature and Material Culture Part 4: Lutes, Gender, and Social Marginality 8. Lutes and Frontiers: Remembering and Constructing Wang Zhaojun and the Wusun Princess, The Five Dynasties through Ming 9. Wenren Strumming the Ruan: An Overview of Song to Early Qing Poetry and Paintings Depicting Scholars as Lute Players 10. Conclusion to Lutes and Marginality in Pre-Modern China

Ingrid Maren Furniss is a professor of art history at Lafayette College. She is the author of Music in Ancient China: An Archaeological and Art Historical Study of Strings, Winds, and Drums during the Eastern Zhou and Han Periods (770 BCE to 220 CE).

• 1. Introduction and Methodology Part 1: Lutes from the Distant Margins 2. The Archaeology of Lutes in Western Asia 3. Archaeological Evidence for Lutes in Central and South Asia: Innovation and Diversity Part 2: Lutes and China's Border Regions 4. The Round-bodied lute (Ruanxian) in Chinese Funerary Art of the Third to Sixth Centuries 5. Lutes and the Deities that Play Them in Buddhist Art of Northwest China Part 3: From Periphery to Center 6. The Pipa and Marginalized Musicians in Six Dynasties to Tang 7. The Round-Bodied Lute (Ruanxian) in Tang Literature and Material Culture Part 4: Lutes, Gender, and Social Marginality 8. Lutes and Frontiers: Remembering and Constructing Wang Zhaojun and the Wusun Princess, The Five Dynasties through Ming 9. Wenren Strumming the Ruan: An Overview of Song to Early Qing Poetry and Paintings Depicting Scholars as Lute Players 10. Conclusion to Lutes and Marginality in Pre-Modern China

Ingrid Maren Furniss is a professor of art history at Lafayette College. She is the author of Music in Ancient China: An Archaeological and Art Historical Study of Strings, Winds, and Drums during the Eastern Zhou and Han Periods (770 BCE to 220 CE).

• 1. Introduction and Methodology Part 1: Lutes from the Distant Margins 2. The Archaeology of Lutes in Western Asia 3. Archaeological Evidence for Lutes in Central and South Asia: Innovation and Diversity Part 2: Lutes and China's Border Regions 4. The Round-bodied lute (Ruanxian) in Chinese Funerary Art of the Third to Sixth Centuries 5. Lutes and the Deities that Play Them in Buddhist Art of Northwest China Part 3: From Periphery to Center 6. The Pipa and Marginalized Musicians in Six Dynasties to Tang 7. The Round-Bodied Lute (Ruanxian) in Tang Literature and Material Culture Part 4: Lutes, Gender, and Social Marginality 8. Lutes and Frontiers: Remembering and Constructing Wang Zhaojun and the Wusun Princess, The Five Dynasties through Ming 9. Wenren Strumming the Ruan: An Overview of Song to Early Qing Poetry and Paintings Depicting Scholars as Lute Players 10. Conclusion to Lutes and Marginality in Pre-Modern China