Abu Zahrim Yaser, PhD is an Associate Professor in Waste Processing Technology at the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia. He obtained his PhD from Swansea University. He has published 12 books and more than 100 other publications. His inventions in the composting systems have been adopted by Tongod and Nabawan districts in Sabah. He is the co-chair for Kundasang's Community Composting Site, a site dedicated for vegetable waste composting. He is a visiting scientist at the University of Hull.Mohd Sani Sarjadi, PhD is currently an Associate Professor in Industrial Chemistry in the Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. His PhD was awarded in 2015 and obtained from the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. His research interests include organic synthesis, polymer chemistry and all aspects of industrial chemistry. He had published numerous articles in local and international refereed journals and conference proceedings. He is an Associate Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom (Chartered Chemist); Associate Member of the Malaysian Institute of Chemistry; and Professional Technologist (Material Science Technology), Malaysia Board of Technologists.Junidah Lamaming, PhD is currently a fellow researcher at Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. She obtained her PhD in 2016 in the field of nanocellulose and nanofiber science and technology from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. She was rewarded an IAAM Scientist Award from International Association of Advanced Materials. Her research interests include nanocellulose fiber and applications, polymer blends, reinforced/filled polymer composites, characterization and production of lignocellulose-based composites and fire-retardants, bioadhesives and biopolymers using sustainable methods. Over the years, she has published articles in a significant number of high impact journals, conference papers and a book in her related research areas. She also contributes her expertise and knowledge by reviewing international and national publications. She is a member of Malaysia Board of Technologists.

• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. A Brief Overview of the Use of Bamboo Biomass in the Asian Region’s Energy ProductionChapter 3. Pre-treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches with Sea Water Improves the Qualities of Lignocellulose BiomassChapter 4. Biorefinery of Biofuel Production: Thermochemical and Biochemical Technologies from Renewable ResourcesChapter 5. Review on the Current Updates on Palm Oil Industry and its Biomass Recycling to Fertilizer in MalaysiaChapter 6. Wastewater as Nutrient Enhancer and Moisturizer for Compost Production: A ReviewChapter 7. Biocomposites as Structural Components in Various ApplicationChapter 8. Natural Fiber Composites for Automotive ApplicationsChapter 9. Influence of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Agro Residues as Reinforcing Agent for Cement CompositesChapter 10. All-Cellulose Composites: Processing, Properties, and ApplicationsChapter 11. Cellulose-Based Bioadhesive for Wood-Based Composite ApplicationsChapter 12. Deriving Renewable Feedstock from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) ProductionChapter 13. Recent Developments in Pre-Treatment and Nanocellulose Production from Lignocellulosic MaterialsChapter 14. Characteristics of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Sugarcane Bagasse Isolated from Various Methods: A ReviewChapter 15. Applications of Regenerated Cellulose ProductsChapter 16. Developments and Application of Nanocellulose-Based Hydrogels in the Biomedical FieldChapter 17. Overview of Cellulose Fiber as Materials for Paper ProductionChapter 18. Challenges and State of the Art of Allium Pulp Development for Paper Making: A Brief ReviewChapter 19. Application of Cellulose in LeatherChapter 20. Utilization of Cellulose in Wastewater TreatmentChapter 21. Comparing Properties and Potential of Pinewood, Dried Tofu and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Pellet as Cat LitterChapter 22. Challenges and Future Perspectives

Abu Zahrim Yaser, PhD is an Associate Professor in Waste Processing Technology at the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia. He obtained his PhD from Swansea University. He has published 12 books and more than 100 other publications. His inventions in the composting systems have been adopted by Tongod and Nabawan districts in Sabah. He is the co-chair for Kundasang's Community Composting Site, a site dedicated for vegetable waste composting. He is a visiting scientist at the University of Hull.Mohd Sani Sarjadi, PhD is currently an Associate Professor in Industrial Chemistry in the Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. His PhD was awarded in 2015 and obtained from the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. His research interests include organic synthesis, polymer chemistry and all aspects of industrial chemistry. He had published numerous articles in local and international refereed journals and conference proceedings. He is an Associate Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom (Chartered Chemist); Associate Member of the Malaysian Institute of Chemistry; and Professional Technologist (Material Science Technology), Malaysia Board of Technologists.Junidah Lamaming, PhD is currently a fellow researcher at Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. She obtained her PhD in 2016 in the field of nanocellulose and nanofiber science and technology from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. She was rewarded an IAAM Scientist Award from International Association of Advanced Materials. Her research interests include nanocellulose fiber and applications, polymer blends, reinforced/filled polymer composites, characterization and production of lignocellulose-based composites and fire-retardants, bioadhesives and biopolymers using sustainable methods. Over the years, she has published articles in a significant number of high impact journals, conference papers and a book in her related research areas. She also contributes her expertise and knowledge by reviewing international and national publications. She is a member of Malaysia Board of Technologists.

• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. A Brief Overview of the Use of Bamboo Biomass in the Asian Region’s Energy ProductionChapter 3. Pre-treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches with Sea Water Improves the Qualities of Lignocellulose BiomassChapter 4. Biorefinery of Biofuel Production: Thermochemical and Biochemical Technologies from Renewable ResourcesChapter 5. Review on the Current Updates on Palm Oil Industry and its Biomass Recycling to Fertilizer in MalaysiaChapter 6. Wastewater as Nutrient Enhancer and Moisturizer for Compost Production: A ReviewChapter 7. Biocomposites as Structural Components in Various ApplicationChapter 8. Natural Fiber Composites for Automotive ApplicationsChapter 9. Influence of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Agro Residues as Reinforcing Agent for Cement CompositesChapter 10. All-Cellulose Composites: Processing, Properties, and ApplicationsChapter 11. Cellulose-Based Bioadhesive for Wood-Based Composite ApplicationsChapter 12. Deriving Renewable Feedstock from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) ProductionChapter 13. Recent Developments in Pre-Treatment and Nanocellulose Production from Lignocellulosic MaterialsChapter 14. Characteristics of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Sugarcane Bagasse Isolated from Various Methods: A ReviewChapter 15. Applications of Regenerated Cellulose ProductsChapter 16. Developments and Application of Nanocellulose-Based Hydrogels in the Biomedical FieldChapter 17. Overview of Cellulose Fiber as Materials for Paper ProductionChapter 18. Challenges and State of the Art of Allium Pulp Development for Paper Making: A Brief ReviewChapter 19. Application of Cellulose in LeatherChapter 20. Utilization of Cellulose in Wastewater TreatmentChapter 21. Comparing Properties and Potential of Pinewood, Dried Tofu and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Pellet as Cat LitterChapter 22. Challenges and Future Perspectives

Abu Zahrim Yaser, PhD is an Associate Professor in Waste Processing Technology at the Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia. He obtained his PhD from Swansea University. He has published 12 books and more than 100 other publications. His inventions in the composting systems have been adopted by Tongod and Nabawan districts in Sabah. He is the co-chair for Kundasang's Community Composting Site, a site dedicated for vegetable waste composting. He is a visiting scientist at the University of Hull.Mohd Sani Sarjadi, PhD is currently an Associate Professor in Industrial Chemistry in the Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. His PhD was awarded in 2015 and obtained from the University of Sheffield, United Kingdom. His research interests include organic synthesis, polymer chemistry and all aspects of industrial chemistry. He had published numerous articles in local and international refereed journals and conference proceedings. He is an Associate Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry, United Kingdom (Chartered Chemist); Associate Member of the Malaysian Institute of Chemistry; and Professional Technologist (Material Science Technology), Malaysia Board of Technologists.Junidah Lamaming, PhD is currently a fellow researcher at Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. She obtained her PhD in 2016 in the field of nanocellulose and nanofiber science and technology from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia. She was rewarded an IAAM Scientist Award from International Association of Advanced Materials. Her research interests include nanocellulose fiber and applications, polymer blends, reinforced/filled polymer composites, characterization and production of lignocellulose-based composites and fire-retardants, bioadhesives and biopolymers using sustainable methods. Over the years, she has published articles in a significant number of high impact journals, conference papers and a book in her related research areas. She also contributes her expertise and knowledge by reviewing international and national publications. She is a member of Malaysia Board of Technologists.

• Chapter 1. IntroductionChapter 2. A Brief Overview of the Use of Bamboo Biomass in the Asian Region’s Energy ProductionChapter 3. Pre-treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches with Sea Water Improves the Qualities of Lignocellulose BiomassChapter 4. Biorefinery of Biofuel Production: Thermochemical and Biochemical Technologies from Renewable ResourcesChapter 5. Review on the Current Updates on Palm Oil Industry and its Biomass Recycling to Fertilizer in MalaysiaChapter 6. Wastewater as Nutrient Enhancer and Moisturizer for Compost Production: A ReviewChapter 7. Biocomposites as Structural Components in Various ApplicationChapter 8. Natural Fiber Composites for Automotive ApplicationsChapter 9. Influence of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Agro Residues as Reinforcing Agent for Cement CompositesChapter 10. All-Cellulose Composites: Processing, Properties, and ApplicationsChapter 11. Cellulose-Based Bioadhesive for Wood-Based Composite ApplicationsChapter 12. Deriving Renewable Feedstock from Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) ProductionChapter 13. Recent Developments in Pre-Treatment and Nanocellulose Production from Lignocellulosic MaterialsChapter 14. Characteristics of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Sugarcane Bagasse Isolated from Various Methods: A ReviewChapter 15. Applications of Regenerated Cellulose ProductsChapter 16. Developments and Application of Nanocellulose-Based Hydrogels in the Biomedical FieldChapter 17. Overview of Cellulose Fiber as Materials for Paper ProductionChapter 18. Challenges and State of the Art of Allium Pulp Development for Paper Making: A Brief ReviewChapter 19. Application of Cellulose in LeatherChapter 20. Utilization of Cellulose in Wastewater TreatmentChapter 21. Comparing Properties and Potential of Pinewood, Dried Tofu and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Pellet as Cat LitterChapter 22. Challenges and Future Perspectives