Rebecca Ann Lind is Associate Professor Emerita of the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois at Chicago. A former broadcaster and freelance writer, her research interests include race, gender, class, and media, new media studies, media ethics, journalism, and audiences.

• PrefaceChapter 1: Laying a Foundation for Studying Race, Gender, Class, and MediaRebecca Ann LindPart 1: AudiencesChapter 2: Media Effects 2.1 The Social Psychology of Stereotypes and Bias: Implications for Media AudiencesBradley W. Gorham2.2 Black Criminality 4.0: The Rise of Fascism and the Utility of Mediated StereotypesTravis L Dixon2.3 Positive Media Psychology: The Role of Uplifting Media in Encouraging Social GoodMary Beth Oliver, Yansheng Liu, Alex Paloma, & Yilan Gao2.4 Us, Them, and the Economy: Do Race, Class and Gender Social Comparisons Influence American Optimism?Alina Renee Oxendine2.5 Framing Muslim Women Activists Abroad: Audience Perceptions and the Power of StereotypesMeriem Mechehoud2.6 Body Image and Adolescent Girls’ Selfie Posting, Editing, and InvestmentJennifer Stevens Aubrey & Larissa Terán2.7 Exploring Relationships Between Gender, Social Media Use, and Young Adults’ Well-beingMarina Krcmar & Drew P. CingelChapter 3: Audience Studies3.1 Race, Gender, Class, and Algorithmic Egg Donation RecruitmentJessica Zier3.2 Audience Evaluations of the Intersection of Race, Gender, and Disability in MediaLuda Gogolushko3.3 Beyond Blackness: Who Should Portray Historical Figures in Black History Films?Adelaja Oriade3.4 Framed and Flattened: How Jewish Young Adults Say the News Shapes Their Self-ConceptAshley Larson, Morgan Butler, & Dina Ibrahim3.5 All I Really Needed to Know (About Beauty) I Learned by Kindergarten: A Cultivation AnalysisSusannah R. Stern3.6 The Relevance of Race in Interpreting a TV News StoryRebecca Ann Lind3.7 Online Harm: Why Does it Happen and How do we Stop it?Daniel Kilvington Part 2: ContentChapter 4: Journalism and Advertising4.1 "The More You Subtract, the More You Add": Cutting Girls Down to Size in AdvertisingJean Kilbourne4.2 Where Did The Indians Go?: Marketing Strategies For A Tribal Owned CasinoBecca Gercken4.3 Framing the Immigration StoryVanessa de Macedo Higgins Joyce, Elizaveta “Liza” Kalinina, Alexander Tawiah, & Praise Adaeze Chiedozie4.4 Framing FeminismRebecca Ann Lind & Colleen Salo Aravena4.5 Gender Troubling JournalismKatharina Kücke4.6 Race, Gender, and Class in Coverage of Mass Shootings: Evidence from a Decade of National NewsAly Hill, Olivia Webster & Kevin Coe4.7 Fairness or Fear?: Media Coverage of Trans, Intersex, and Sex-Tested Female AthletesAndrew C. Billings & Yifan Wu4.8 Breaking the model: Examining the Safe Spaces Provided by Asian American Identity-Focused News SitesChristopher S. Josey, Tanner Smith, & Julius Matthew Riles4.9 Representations of Race, Gender, and Class in True Crime PodcastsRobin Blom4.10 Ideal Femininity, According to White Christian Women InfluencersSophia Noor KiserChapter 5: Film and Television5.1 You Are What You Eat? Food as Cultural Capital in The BearSharon Zechowski5.2 “Ms. Eggy Don’t Play” about Socioeconomic InjusticeCharisse L'Pree Corsbie-Massay, Luvell Anderson, & Chuck Hayward5.3 Class is Not Dismissed: Abbott Elementary and Approaches to InequalityBetsy Pike & Robert Alan Brookey5.4 Queering Japan: Cultural Normativities in Netflix’s The BoyfriendGust A. Yep5.5 It’s Okay That We Back-Stab Each Other: Cultural Myths Fueling the Battling Female in The BachelorJennifer S. Kramer5.6 Gender, Power, and Reality TV: Women Entrepreneurs on Shark TankDonia Tarek Abdelwahab Mohamed5.7 Bella’s Choice: Deconstructing Ideology and Power in The Twilight Saga Leslie A. Grinner5.8 Shining with Barbie: Latina Representation and Intergenerational Feminism in BarbieRaisa F. Alvarado & Arthur D. Soto-Vásquez5.9 If You Know, You Know: Constructing Black Horror Production and Identity in The Blackeningailish elzy & Kellen Sharp5.10 Honing Hegemonic Masculinity: A Look at I Love You, Man and Get HardSarah E. FryettChapter 6: Music, Games, and Digital Media6.1 Let Me Explain: Translating Black Popular Music on the Dissect PodcastDerek Blackwell & Gretta Blackwell6.2 Critiquing the Kendrick-Drake Rap Battle: The Super Bowl 2025 Halftime Show as Political CommentaryRuth DeFoster & Chelsea Reynolds6.3 Not Just Jezebel: Black Women, Nicki Minaj, and Sexualized Imagery in Rap MusicKiana Cox6.4 Ana Macho’s Archipelago: Toward a Reggaeton Fluido for Puerto RicoChristopher Joseph Westgate6.5 Eminem’s "Love the Way You Lie" and the Normalization of Men’s Violence against WomenRachel Alicia Griffin & Joshua D. Phillips6.6 The Virtual Human: Digital Gender and RaceCringuta Irina Pelea6.7 Queergaming, the Limits of Representation, and Extractive Gameplay in Dragon Age: InquisitionAiden James Kosciesza6.8 Afro-futures and Perspectives on Black Girlhood in Digital GamesDiamond E. Beverly-PorterPart 3: ProductionChapter 7: Media Industries, AI, and Working in Media7.1 Is Siri a Little Bit Racist?: Recognizing and Confronting Algorithmic Bias in Digital Media and AIMichael L. Austin7.2 Gendered Imaginations: Critical Prompting and Decoding Bias in Text-to-Image Generative AICraig Johnson & Nataliia Laba7.3 Feminism in AI-Generated Images: Diversity, Symbols, and Sexualization AestheticsCatherine Bouko7.4 “Where’s the conflict in this game?”: Coyote & Crow, Narrative Gameplay, and the Challenges of Decolonizing Tabletop Roleplaying GamesAmanda L. Alexander7.5 Modeling “the Other”: How Asian Models are Expected to Embody their Race In AdvertisingSooyeon Kang7.6 Journalists’ Gendered Performances of Resilience in Response to HostilityKelsey R. Mesmer7.7 "Never About My Work, Never About My Motivations": Exploring Online Experiences of Women Journalists of ColorGina M. Masulo & Paromita Pain7.8 Sights, Sounds and Stories of the Indian Diaspora: A New Browning of American JournalismRadhika Parameswaran7.9 Still Counting on Each Other: Valuing the Voices of Asian American JournalistsGeorge L. DanielsChapter 8: Produsage: The Audience as Producer8.1 “We will eventually turn it toxic”: Critical Race Theory, Disinformation, and the Weaponization of an IdeaBill Yousman8.2 Cover Women: Uncovering Gender Bias on the Wikipedia Main PageNúria Ferran Ferrer & Laura Fernández8.3 The Keef Effect: How Drill Rap Pioneered Creator Culture in the Music IndustryJabari M. Evans8.4 #PeakWhiteFeminism: Cultural Appropriation of Social Justice Hashtag ActivismJessica K. Reeher8.5 Fat Gender Diverse Instagram Users’ Self-Representation: Navigating Body PositivityMackenzie Edwards8.6 Finfluencer Feminism: Race, Gender and Instagram aestheticsAnna Rohmann8.7 Arguing over Images: Native American Mascots and RaceC. Richard King8.8 Exploring Toxic Conservatism in the Muslim ManosphereSabah Firoz Uddin8.9 Saying the quiet thing out loud: Antisemitism on InstagramRachel E. SilvermanChapter 9: One more thing… A Question-Based Resource Guide Charisse L’Pree Corsbie-MassayAppendix: Alternative Tables of ContentsContributorsIndex