Lee Ann Montanaro, Ph.D., is a university lecturer and researcher. She specialises in 20th-century literature and art. Her research interests include surrealism, psychoanalysis, modernism, and comparative literature. Alberto Stefana, Ph.D., Psy.D., serves as a clinical psychologist and psychotherapist in conjunction with his role as an academic researcher. He published over one hundred articles on clinical psychology, psychoanalysis, and psychiatry in international journals.

• Introduction by Lee Ann Montanaro and Alberto Stefana 1 The Springboard of Thought 2 Symbol Language 3 The Application of Symbol Language in Early Life 4 Art as Communication, and for Gratification 5 The Destructive Impulse 6 The Destructive Impulse Revealed Through the Language of Symbols 7 Psychorealism 8 Individual and Collective Benefits of Psychorealism 9 The Creative Impulse 10 Creative Fantasy 11 Psychorealism, the Artist, and the ‘Impersonal’ in Art 12 The Way Ahead

Lee Ann Montanaro, Ph.D., is a university lecturer and researcher. She specialises in 20th-century literature and art. Her research interests include surrealism, psychoanalysis, modernism, and comparative literature. Alberto Stefana, Ph.D., Psy.D., serves as a clinical psychologist and psychotherapist in conjunction with his role as an academic researcher. He published over one hundred articles on clinical psychology, psychoanalysis, and psychiatry in international journals.

• Introduction by Lee Ann Montanaro and Alberto Stefana 1 The Springboard of Thought 2 Symbol Language 3 The Application of Symbol Language in Early Life 4 Art as Communication, and for Gratification 5 The Destructive Impulse 6 The Destructive Impulse Revealed Through the Language of Symbols 7 Psychorealism 8 Individual and Collective Benefits of Psychorealism 9 The Creative Impulse 10 Creative Fantasy 11 Psychorealism, the Artist, and the ‘Impersonal’ in Art 12 The Way Ahead

Lee Ann Montanaro, Ph.D., is a university lecturer and researcher. She specialises in 20th-century literature and art. Her research interests include surrealism, psychoanalysis, modernism, and comparative literature. Alberto Stefana, Ph.D., Psy.D., serves as a clinical psychologist and psychotherapist in conjunction with his role as an academic researcher. He published over one hundred articles on clinical psychology, psychoanalysis, and psychiatry in international journals.

• Introduction by Lee Ann Montanaro and Alberto Stefana 1 The Springboard of Thought 2 Symbol Language 3 The Application of Symbol Language in Early Life 4 Art as Communication, and for Gratification 5 The Destructive Impulse 6 The Destructive Impulse Revealed Through the Language of Symbols 7 Psychorealism 8 Individual and Collective Benefits of Psychorealism 9 The Creative Impulse 10 Creative Fantasy 11 Psychorealism, the Artist, and the ‘Impersonal’ in Art 12 The Way Ahead