Samuel Chukwujindu Nwokolo is a distinguished figure in the field of renewable energy and climate science activism. With a strong educational background, he holds a BSc. Physics (Renewable Energy), MSc. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology), Ph.D. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology (In View)). His passion for sustainable solutions and his deep understanding of the environmental challenges we face today have propelled him to the forefront of the movement. Edson L. Meyer obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Port Elizabeth in 2002. He is currently a full professor at the University of Fort Hare and the Director of the Fort Hare Institute of Technology. Professor Meyer has served as Head of the Department of Physics at the University of Fort Hare and as nonexecutive director on the boards of the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) and the Digitisation and Refurbishment Institute of South Africa (DRISA). Chinedu Christian Ahia is a research fellow in photonics and materials characterization at the Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare where he spearheads the operations and training on confocal Raman/atomic force microscope. He was conferred a Ph.D. in physics by Nelson Mandela University in 2018. His expertise includes growth, characterization, and development of semiconductor materials, quantum dots, quantum wells, superlattices, and smart nanomaterials for optoelectronic device applications.

• 1. Introduction to Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 and 5.0 in the Clean Energy Era 2. Digital Transformation in Recycling: Industry 4.0 Technologies 3. Industry 5.0: Human-Centric and Sustainable Approaches to Recycling 4. Technological Foundations of Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 5. Eco-Mineral Recycling 5.0: The Next Frontier in Human–Machine Collaboration 6. Critical Minerals in the Clean Energy Transition: Supply, Scarcity, and Recycling 7. Critical Minerals for Clean Energy: Challenges and Recycling Opportunities 8. Scenario Projections of Aluminium Industry Evolution Through 2050: Circular Economy, Innovation, and Policy Synergies for a Cleaner Future 9. Regionally Stratified Analysis of Technology Adoption Curves for Aluminum Production (2023–2050)

Samuel Chukwujindu Nwokolo is a distinguished figure in the field of renewable energy and climate science activism. With a strong educational background, he holds a BSc. Physics (Renewable Energy), MSc. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology), Ph.D. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology (In View)). His passion for sustainable solutions and his deep understanding of the environmental challenges we face today have propelled him to the forefront of the movement. Edson L. Meyer obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Port Elizabeth in 2002. He is currently a full professor at the University of Fort Hare and the Director of the Fort Hare Institute of Technology. Professor Meyer has served as Head of the Department of Physics at the University of Fort Hare and as nonexecutive director on the boards of the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) and the Digitisation and Refurbishment Institute of South Africa (DRISA). Chinedu Christian Ahia is a research fellow in photonics and materials characterization at the Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare where he spearheads the operations and training on confocal Raman/atomic force microscope. He was conferred a Ph.D. in physics by Nelson Mandela University in 2018. His expertise includes growth, characterization, and development of semiconductor materials, quantum dots, quantum wells, superlattices, and smart nanomaterials for optoelectronic device applications.

• 1. Introduction to Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 and 5.0 in the Clean Energy Era 2. Digital Transformation in Recycling: Industry 4.0 Technologies 3. Industry 5.0: Human-Centric and Sustainable Approaches to Recycling 4. Technological Foundations of Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 5. Eco-Mineral Recycling 5.0: The Next Frontier in Human–Machine Collaboration 6. Critical Minerals in the Clean Energy Transition: Supply, Scarcity, and Recycling 7. Critical Minerals for Clean Energy: Challenges and Recycling Opportunities 8. Scenario Projections of Aluminium Industry Evolution Through 2050: Circular Economy, Innovation, and Policy Synergies for a Cleaner Future 9. Regionally Stratified Analysis of Technology Adoption Curves for Aluminum Production (2023–2050)

Samuel Chukwujindu Nwokolo is a distinguished figure in the field of renewable energy and climate science activism. With a strong educational background, he holds a BSc. Physics (Renewable Energy), MSc. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology), Ph.D. Physics (Atmospheric Physics/Meteorology (In View)). His passion for sustainable solutions and his deep understanding of the environmental challenges we face today have propelled him to the forefront of the movement. Edson L. Meyer obtained his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Port Elizabeth in 2002. He is currently a full professor at the University of Fort Hare and the Director of the Fort Hare Institute of Technology. Professor Meyer has served as Head of the Department of Physics at the University of Fort Hare and as nonexecutive director on the boards of the South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) and the Digitisation and Refurbishment Institute of South Africa (DRISA). Chinedu Christian Ahia is a research fellow in photonics and materials characterization at the Fort Hare Institute of Technology, University of Fort Hare where he spearheads the operations and training on confocal Raman/atomic force microscope. He was conferred a Ph.D. in physics by Nelson Mandela University in 2018. His expertise includes growth, characterization, and development of semiconductor materials, quantum dots, quantum wells, superlattices, and smart nanomaterials for optoelectronic device applications.

• 1. Introduction to Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 and 5.0 in the Clean Energy Era 2. Digital Transformation in Recycling: Industry 4.0 Technologies 3. Industry 5.0: Human-Centric and Sustainable Approaches to Recycling 4. Technological Foundations of Eco-Mineral Recycling 4.0 5. Eco-Mineral Recycling 5.0: The Next Frontier in Human–Machine Collaboration 6. Critical Minerals in the Clean Energy Transition: Supply, Scarcity, and Recycling 7. Critical Minerals for Clean Energy: Challenges and Recycling Opportunities 8. Scenario Projections of Aluminium Industry Evolution Through 2050: Circular Economy, Innovation, and Policy Synergies for a Cleaner Future 9. Regionally Stratified Analysis of Technology Adoption Curves for Aluminum Production (2023–2050)