Jack Watling is Senior Research Fellow for Land Warfare at RUSI. Jack works closely with the British military on the development concepts of operations and assessments of the future operating environment and conducts operational analysis of contemporary conflicts. Jack’s PhD examined the evolution of Britain’s policy responses to civil war in the early 20th century. He has worked extensively on Ukraine, Iraq, Yemen, Mali, Rwanda and further afield. He is a Global Fellow at the Wilson Center in Washington, DC.

• Introduction I. Leveraging Intelligence Assessment to Inform Strategy II. Civil-Military Cooperation: Lessons Repeated Until Learned III. Sustaining Dispersed Forces IV. Overcoming the IED Threat in Afghanistan V. Afghanistan as the Laboratory for Multi-Domain Integration VI. Kicking the Close Air Support Addiction Conclusions

Jack Watling is Senior Research Fellow for Land Warfare at RUSI. Jack works closely with the British military on the development concepts of operations and assessments of the future operating environment and conducts operational analysis of contemporary conflicts. Jack’s PhD examined the evolution of Britain’s policy responses to civil war in the early 20th century. He has worked extensively on Ukraine, Iraq, Yemen, Mali, Rwanda and further afield. He is a Global Fellow at the Wilson Center in Washington, DC.

• Introduction I. Leveraging Intelligence Assessment to Inform Strategy II. Civil-Military Cooperation: Lessons Repeated Until Learned III. Sustaining Dispersed Forces IV. Overcoming the IED Threat in Afghanistan V. Afghanistan as the Laboratory for Multi-Domain Integration VI. Kicking the Close Air Support Addiction Conclusions

Jack Watling is Senior Research Fellow for Land Warfare at RUSI. Jack works closely with the British military on the development concepts of operations and assessments of the future operating environment and conducts operational analysis of contemporary conflicts. Jack’s PhD examined the evolution of Britain’s policy responses to civil war in the early 20th century. He has worked extensively on Ukraine, Iraq, Yemen, Mali, Rwanda and further afield. He is a Global Fellow at the Wilson Center in Washington, DC.

• Introduction I. Leveraging Intelligence Assessment to Inform Strategy II. Civil-Military Cooperation: Lessons Repeated Until Learned III. Sustaining Dispersed Forces IV. Overcoming the IED Threat in Afghanistan V. Afghanistan as the Laboratory for Multi-Domain Integration VI. Kicking the Close Air Support Addiction Conclusions