Samuel Hollander is University Professor in Economics at the University of Toronto where he taught from 1963 to 1998. He is the author of studies of the economics of Adam Smith, David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Robert Malthus, Jean-Baptiste Say, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. Also, of A History of utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2020), Immanuel Kant and Utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2022), and Hegel on Ethics, the State and Public Policy (Routledge 2025). He is a Guggenheim Fellow, an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

• INTRODUCTION 1. ON GOD, MAN, AND NATURE 2. ON ETHICAL CONDUCT 3. ON CIVIL SOCIETY AND PUBLIC POLICY 4. SPINOZA AND HOBBES 5. PIERRE BAYLE AND SPINOZA 6. DAVID HUME AND SPINOZA 7. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS I: HEGEL 8. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS II: MILL OVERVIEW BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

Samuel Hollander is University Professor in Economics at the University of Toronto where he taught from 1963 to 1998. He is the author of studies of the economics of Adam Smith, David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Robert Malthus, Jean-Baptiste Say, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. Also, of A History of utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2020), Immanuel Kant and Utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2022), and Hegel on Ethics, the State and Public Policy (Routledge 2025). He is a Guggenheim Fellow, an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

• INTRODUCTION 1. ON GOD, MAN, AND NATURE 2. ON ETHICAL CONDUCT 3. ON CIVIL SOCIETY AND PUBLIC POLICY 4. SPINOZA AND HOBBES 5. PIERRE BAYLE AND SPINOZA 6. DAVID HUME AND SPINOZA 7. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS I: HEGEL 8. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS II: MILL OVERVIEW BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX

Samuel Hollander is University Professor in Economics at the University of Toronto where he taught from 1963 to 1998. He is the author of studies of the economics of Adam Smith, David Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Thomas Robert Malthus, Jean-Baptiste Say, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. Also, of A History of utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2020), Immanuel Kant and Utilitarian Ethics (Routledge 2022), and Hegel on Ethics, the State and Public Policy (Routledge 2025). He is a Guggenheim Fellow, an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

• INTRODUCTION 1. ON GOD, MAN, AND NATURE 2. ON ETHICAL CONDUCT 3. ON CIVIL SOCIETY AND PUBLIC POLICY 4. SPINOZA AND HOBBES 5. PIERRE BAYLE AND SPINOZA 6. DAVID HUME AND SPINOZA 7. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS I: HEGEL 8. NINETEENTH-CENTURY CRITICS II: MILL OVERVIEW BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX