Bryozoan Paleobiology

Dr Paul D. Taylor is currently a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Natural History Museum in London where he spent 39 years as a research scientist. He is widely regarded as one of the world's leading authorities on bryozoans.

"The value of the book lies in having all of the latest research in one place, masterfully summarized and illustrated, and integrated with the classic literature, which is all well referenced. It will be a useful addition to any biologist's library."—Marcus M. Key Jr., The Quarterly Review of Biology

• Preface ixAcknowledgements xi1 Introduction 11.1 Zooids 11.2 Colonies 61.3 Colony Propagation 81.4 Ecology 111.5 Taxonomy 141.6 Collecting and Studying Fossil Bryozoans 172 Biomineralization and Geochemistry 212.1 Skeletal Wall Types 222.2 Pores and Pseudopores 242.3 Skeletal Growth 262.4 Skeletal Ultrastructure 262.5 Spines 292.6 Mineralogy 332.7 Geochemistry 373 Zooid Morphology and Function 413.1 Autozooids 423.2 Ontogenetic and Astogenetic Variations 513.3 Ancestrulae 563.4 Polymorphism 583.5 Reproductive Polymorphs 593.6 Active Defensive Polymorphs 653.7 Structural Polymorphs 723.8 Spinozooids 753.9 Rhizooids 763.10 Cleaning Polymorphs 773.11 Locomotory Polymorphs 773.12 Microenvironmental Variability 793.13 Zooid‐level Skeletal Structures 803.14 Extrazooidal Structures 873.15 The Cormidial ‘Zooids’ of Advanced Cheilostomes 894 Colony Morphology and Function 914.1 Colony‐form Classifications 914.2 Growth and Colony‐form 954.3 Functional Morphology of Colony‐form 1024.4 Colony Propagation in Lunulitiform Bryozoans 1164.5 Multizooidal Feeding Morphologies 1194.6 Life Histories 1254.7 Colonial Integration 1264.8 Endolithic and Etching Bryozoans 1275 Biotic Interactions 1315.1 Competition 1315.2 Predation 1395.3 Symbioses 1445.4 Bryozoans as Habitat Providers 1506 Ecology and Palaeoecology 1556.1 Bryozoan Habitats 1556.2 Bryozoans in Reefs and Mounds 1656.3 Colony‐form and Palaeoenvironments 1706.4 Depth Distributions and Palaeobathymetry 1726.5 Bryozoans as Sediment Producers 1766.6 Taphonomy 1796.7 Palaeoclimatology and Zooid Size 1817 Biogeography 1877.1 Cosmopolitan vs. Endemic Distributions 1877.2 Modes of Dispersal 1887.3 Biogeography of Bryozoans at the Present Day 1917.4 Latitudinal Diversity Gradient 1917.5 Palaeobiogeography 1938 Phylogeny 1998.1 Relationships with Other Phyla 1998.2 Inter‐relationships of Bryozoan Classes 2008.3 Inter‐relationships of Bryozoan Orders 2018.4 Morphological Phylogenies 2048.5 Molecular Phylogenies 2059 Evolution and Fossil History 2119.1 Phanerozoic Bryozoan Diversity 2119.2 Cambrian Bryozoans? 2129.3 Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event 2149.4 End‐Ordovician Extinction 2159.5 Devonian Extinctions 2159.6 Permian Mass Extinctions 2169.7 Triassic Diversity and Mass Extinction 2179.8 Jurassic Cyclostome Radiation 2179.9 Cretaceous–Palaeogene Radiations 2189.10 End Cretaceous and Danian Extinctions 2209.11 Convergence 2219.12 Palaeostomates and Post‐Palaeozoic Cyclostomes Compared 2279.13 Frontal Shield Evolution in Ascophoran Cheilostomes 2289.14 Cyclostomes vs. Cheilostomes 2309.15 Colony‐forms Through Geological Time 2349.16 Evolutionary Tempo in Bryozoans 23610 Prospective Future Research 23910.1 Biomineralization 24010.2 Polymorphism 24010.3 Environmental Distributions of Colony‐forms 24010.4 Taphonomy 24110.5 Small Palaeozoic Bryozoans 24110.6 Phylogeny and Classification 241References 243Index 311