Suneel Kumar Srivastava received MSc, DIIT and PhD from Lucknow University and the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1976, 1979 and 1986 respectively. He is Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Acting Head in the School of Energy Science and Engineering of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. His research interests are in the fields of zero, one and two dimensional semiconducting and magnetic nanomaterials and their applications in energy and the environment, polymers and polymer blends. He has guided 16 PhD students and published about 135 research papers in referred journals.Vikas Mittal received his BTech, MTech and PhD degree from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland respectively. He is currently the Department Deputy Chair and an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi. Dr. Mittal has earlier worked in Polymer Research section of BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. His main research interest is in the areas of polymer membranes, polymer processing and nanotechnology and graphene-based nanomaterials. He has published more than 80 articles in refereed journals and conference proceedings and has authored and edited more than 30 books of which 7 are with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

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• Preface xiii1 Hybrid Nanostructured Materials for Advanced Lithium Batteries 1Soumyadip Choudhury and Manfred Stamm1.1 Introduction 11.2 Battery Requirements 41.3 Survey of Rechargeable Batteries 71.4 Advanced Materials for Electrodes 91.5 Future Battery Strategies 381.6 Limitations of Existing Strategies 591.7 Conclusions 62Acknowledgments 63References 632 High Performing Hybrid Nanomaterials for Supercapacitor Applications 79Sanjit Saha, Milan Jana and Tapas Kuila2.1 Introduction 802.2 Scope of the Chapter 822.3 Characterization of Hybrid Nanomaterials 822.4 Hybrid Nanomaterials as Electrodes for Supercapacitor 912.5 Applications of Supercapacitor 1302.6 Conclusions 134References 1353 Nanohybrid Materials in the Development of Solar Energy Applications 147Poulomi Roy3.1 Introduction 1473.2 Significance of Nanohybrid Materials 1483.3 Synthetic Strategies 1623.4 Application in Solar Energy Conversion 1673.5 Summary 175References 1764 Hybrid Nanoadsorbents for Drinking Water Treatment: A Critical Review 199Ashok K. Gupta, Partha S. Ghosal and Brajesh K. Dubey4.1 Introduction 1994.2 Status and Health Effects of Different Pollutants 2014.3 Removal Technologies 2034.4 Hybrid  Nanoadsorbent 2084.5 Issues and Challenges 2174.6 Conclusions 224References 2255 Advanced Nanostructured Materials in Electromagnetic Interference  Shielding 241Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal5.1 Introduction 2415.2 Theoretical Aspect of EMI Shielding 2435.3 Experimental Methods in Measuring Shielding Effectiveness 2475.4 Carbon Allotrope-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 248Fillers-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 2655.5 Intrinsically Conducting Polymer (ICP) Derived Nanocomposites 2765.6 Summary 3006 Preparation, Properties and the Application of Hybrid Nanomaterials in Sensing Environmental Pollutants 321R. Ajay Rakkesh, D. Durgalakshmi and S. Balakumar6.1 Introduction 3216.2 Hybrid Nanomaterials: Smart Material for Sensing Environmental Pollutants 3236.3 Synthesis Methods of Hybrid Nanomaterials 3266.4 Basic Mechanism of Gas Sensors Using Hybrid Nanomaterials 3306.5 Hybrid Nanomaterials-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring 3316.6 Conclusion 342References 3427 Development of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Nanocomposites for Electronic Applications 349Mariatti Jaafar7.1 Introduction 3507.2 Factors Influencing the Properties of Filler/Polymer Composite 3537.3 Hybridization of Fillers in Polymer Composites 3557.4 Hybrid Fillers in Polymer Nanocomposites 3587.5 Fabrication Methods of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 3627.6 Applications of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 365References 3668 High Performance Hybrid Filler Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites 371Suman Chhetri, Tapas Kuila and Suneel Kumar Srivastava8.1 Introduction 3728.2 Reinforcing Fillers 3738.3 Necessity of Hybrid Filler Systems 3768.4 Epoxy Resin 3798.5 Preparation of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3808.6 Characterization of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Polymer Composites 3818.7 Properties of the Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3838.8 Summary and Future Prospect 408References 4139 Recent Developments in Elastomer/Hybrid Filler Nanocomposites 423Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal9.1 Introduction 4239.2 Preparation Methods of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4269.3 Hybrid Fillers in Elastomer Nanocomposites 427 9.4 Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4409.5 Dynamical Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMA) of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4529.6 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4649.7 Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) Analysis of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4689.8 Electrical Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4769.9 Thermal Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4779.10 Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposits 4779.11 Shape Memory Property of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4789.12 Summary 478Acknowledgment 479References 479

Suneel Kumar Srivastava received MSc, DIIT and PhD from Lucknow University and the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1976, 1979 and 1986 respectively. He is Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Acting Head in the School of Energy Science and Engineering of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. His research interests are in the fields of zero, one and two dimensional semiconducting and magnetic nanomaterials and their applications in energy and the environment, polymers and polymer blends. He has guided 16 PhD students and published about 135 research papers in referred journals.Vikas Mittal received his BTech, MTech and PhD degree from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland respectively. He is currently the Department Deputy Chair and an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi. Dr. Mittal has earlier worked in Polymer Research section of BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. His main research interest is in the areas of polymer membranes, polymer processing and nanotechnology and graphene-based nanomaterials. He has published more than 80 articles in refereed journals and conference proceedings and has authored and edited more than 30 books of which 7 are with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

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• Preface xiii1 Hybrid Nanostructured Materials for Advanced Lithium Batteries 1Soumyadip Choudhury and Manfred Stamm1.1 Introduction 11.2 Battery Requirements 41.3 Survey of Rechargeable Batteries 71.4 Advanced Materials for Electrodes 91.5 Future Battery Strategies 381.6 Limitations of Existing Strategies 591.7 Conclusions 62Acknowledgments 63References 632 High Performing Hybrid Nanomaterials for Supercapacitor Applications 79Sanjit Saha, Milan Jana and Tapas Kuila2.1 Introduction 802.2 Scope of the Chapter 822.3 Characterization of Hybrid Nanomaterials 822.4 Hybrid Nanomaterials as Electrodes for Supercapacitor 912.5 Applications of Supercapacitor 1302.6 Conclusions 134References 1353 Nanohybrid Materials in the Development of Solar Energy Applications 147Poulomi Roy3.1 Introduction 1473.2 Significance of Nanohybrid Materials 1483.3 Synthetic Strategies 1623.4 Application in Solar Energy Conversion 1673.5 Summary 175References 1764 Hybrid Nanoadsorbents for Drinking Water Treatment: A Critical Review 199Ashok K. Gupta, Partha S. Ghosal and Brajesh K. Dubey4.1 Introduction 1994.2 Status and Health Effects of Different Pollutants 2014.3 Removal Technologies 2034.4 Hybrid  Nanoadsorbent 2084.5 Issues and Challenges 2174.6 Conclusions 224References 2255 Advanced Nanostructured Materials in Electromagnetic Interference  Shielding 241Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal5.1 Introduction 2415.2 Theoretical Aspect of EMI Shielding 2435.3 Experimental Methods in Measuring Shielding Effectiveness 2475.4 Carbon Allotrope-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 248Fillers-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 2655.5 Intrinsically Conducting Polymer (ICP) Derived Nanocomposites 2765.6 Summary 3006 Preparation, Properties and the Application of Hybrid Nanomaterials in Sensing Environmental Pollutants 321R. Ajay Rakkesh, D. Durgalakshmi and S. Balakumar6.1 Introduction 3216.2 Hybrid Nanomaterials: Smart Material for Sensing Environmental Pollutants 3236.3 Synthesis Methods of Hybrid Nanomaterials 3266.4 Basic Mechanism of Gas Sensors Using Hybrid Nanomaterials 3306.5 Hybrid Nanomaterials-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring 3316.6 Conclusion 342References 3427 Development of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Nanocomposites for Electronic Applications 349Mariatti Jaafar7.1 Introduction 3507.2 Factors Influencing the Properties of Filler/Polymer Composite 3537.3 Hybridization of Fillers in Polymer Composites 3557.4 Hybrid Fillers in Polymer Nanocomposites 3587.5 Fabrication Methods of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 3627.6 Applications of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 365References 3668 High Performance Hybrid Filler Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites 371Suman Chhetri, Tapas Kuila and Suneel Kumar Srivastava8.1 Introduction 3728.2 Reinforcing Fillers 3738.3 Necessity of Hybrid Filler Systems 3768.4 Epoxy Resin 3798.5 Preparation of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3808.6 Characterization of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Polymer Composites 3818.7 Properties of the Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3838.8 Summary and Future Prospect 408References 4139 Recent Developments in Elastomer/Hybrid Filler Nanocomposites 423Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal9.1 Introduction 4239.2 Preparation Methods of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4269.3 Hybrid Fillers in Elastomer Nanocomposites 427 9.4 Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4409.5 Dynamical Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMA) of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4529.6 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4649.7 Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) Analysis of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4689.8 Electrical Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4769.9 Thermal Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4779.10 Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposits 4779.11 Shape Memory Property of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4789.12 Summary 478Acknowledgment 479References 479

Suneel Kumar Srivastava received MSc, DIIT and PhD from Lucknow University and the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1976, 1979 and 1986 respectively. He is Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Acting Head in the School of Energy Science and Engineering of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. His research interests are in the fields of zero, one and two dimensional semiconducting and magnetic nanomaterials and their applications in energy and the environment, polymers and polymer blends. He has guided 16 PhD students and published about 135 research papers in referred journals.Vikas Mittal received his BTech, MTech and PhD degree from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland respectively. He is currently the Department Deputy Chair and an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi. Dr. Mittal has earlier worked in Polymer Research section of BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany. His main research interest is in the areas of polymer membranes, polymer processing and nanotechnology and graphene-based nanomaterials. He has published more than 80 articles in refereed journals and conference proceedings and has authored and edited more than 30 books of which 7 are with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

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• Preface xiii1 Hybrid Nanostructured Materials for Advanced Lithium Batteries 1Soumyadip Choudhury and Manfred Stamm1.1 Introduction 11.2 Battery Requirements 41.3 Survey of Rechargeable Batteries 71.4 Advanced Materials for Electrodes 91.5 Future Battery Strategies 381.6 Limitations of Existing Strategies 591.7 Conclusions 62Acknowledgments 63References 632 High Performing Hybrid Nanomaterials for Supercapacitor Applications 79Sanjit Saha, Milan Jana and Tapas Kuila2.1 Introduction 802.2 Scope of the Chapter 822.3 Characterization of Hybrid Nanomaterials 822.4 Hybrid Nanomaterials as Electrodes for Supercapacitor 912.5 Applications of Supercapacitor 1302.6 Conclusions 134References 1353 Nanohybrid Materials in the Development of Solar Energy Applications 147Poulomi Roy3.1 Introduction 1473.2 Significance of Nanohybrid Materials 1483.3 Synthetic Strategies 1623.4 Application in Solar Energy Conversion 1673.5 Summary 175References 1764 Hybrid Nanoadsorbents for Drinking Water Treatment: A Critical Review 199Ashok K. Gupta, Partha S. Ghosal and Brajesh K. Dubey4.1 Introduction 1994.2 Status and Health Effects of Different Pollutants 2014.3 Removal Technologies 2034.4 Hybrid  Nanoadsorbent 2084.5 Issues and Challenges 2174.6 Conclusions 224References 2255 Advanced Nanostructured Materials in Electromagnetic Interference  Shielding 241Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal5.1 Introduction 2415.2 Theoretical Aspect of EMI Shielding 2435.3 Experimental Methods in Measuring Shielding Effectiveness 2475.4 Carbon Allotrope-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 248Fillers-Based Polymer Nanocomposites 2655.5 Intrinsically Conducting Polymer (ICP) Derived Nanocomposites 2765.6 Summary 3006 Preparation, Properties and the Application of Hybrid Nanomaterials in Sensing Environmental Pollutants 321R. Ajay Rakkesh, D. Durgalakshmi and S. Balakumar6.1 Introduction 3216.2 Hybrid Nanomaterials: Smart Material for Sensing Environmental Pollutants 3236.3 Synthesis Methods of Hybrid Nanomaterials 3266.4 Basic Mechanism of Gas Sensors Using Hybrid Nanomaterials 3306.5 Hybrid Nanomaterials-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring 3316.6 Conclusion 342References 3427 Development of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Nanocomposites for Electronic Applications 349Mariatti Jaafar7.1 Introduction 3507.2 Factors Influencing the Properties of Filler/Polymer Composite 3537.3 Hybridization of Fillers in Polymer Composites 3557.4 Hybrid Fillers in Polymer Nanocomposites 3587.5 Fabrication Methods of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 3627.6 Applications of Hybrid Fillers/Polymer Composites 365References 3668 High Performance Hybrid Filler Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites 371Suman Chhetri, Tapas Kuila and Suneel Kumar Srivastava8.1 Introduction 3728.2 Reinforcing Fillers 3738.3 Necessity of Hybrid Filler Systems 3768.4 Epoxy Resin 3798.5 Preparation of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3808.6 Characterization of Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Polymer Composites 3818.7 Properties of the Hybrid Filler/Epoxy Nanocomposites 3838.8 Summary and Future Prospect 408References 4139 Recent Developments in Elastomer/Hybrid Filler Nanocomposites 423Suneel Kumar Srivastava and Vikas Mittal9.1 Introduction 4239.2 Preparation Methods of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4269.3 Hybrid Fillers in Elastomer Nanocomposites 427 9.4 Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4409.5 Dynamical Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMA) of Elastomer Nanocomposites 4529.6 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4649.7 Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) Analysis of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4689.8 Electrical Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4769.9 Thermal Conductivity of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4779.10 Dielectric Properties of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposits 4779.11 Shape Memory Property of Hybrid Filler Incorporated Elastomer Nanocomposites 4789.12 Summary 478Acknowledgment 479References 479