Focusing on how increased understanding of brain function affects clinical neuroscience, this volume explores the interface between non-clinical and clinical neuroscience advances by examining the hypotheses that drive this evolution. The book reviews the relevant underpinnings of neurosurgical techniques, treatments, and conceptual approaches, which are likely to shape clinical neuroscience over the next few years. A critical aspect of this rational approach is to underscore what needs to be done in each field, potentially leading to further study and improvements.