Hans Löfgren is Associate Professor in Politics and Policy Studies, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.

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• 1. Introduction – Hans Lofgren Section I: Industry development and structure 2. The Indian pharma industry: history and structure – Manohar Rao 3. Generics production and trade – Deepak Kumar Jena et al. 4. Environmental and social implications – G. Vijay 5. German pharma companies in India –- Christine Fischer et al. Section II: Regulatory environment 6. Medicines access and public health 7. Quality, safety, and efficacy regulation 8. Price control and drug affordability – Prabodh Malhotra Section III: Intellectual property rights and TRIPS flexibilities 9. Compulsory licensing 10. Utilising TRIPS flexibilities – Narayanan Lalitha 11. Novartis and legal battle for access to medicines – Gopal Dabade Section IV: Global challenges and international precedents 12. RD in India: alternative RD funding models – Phil Soos 13. Access to medicines in developing economies by competition law – Tu Thanh Nguyen 14. Implications of the Indian Patent Law on Access to Antiretroviral Drugs in Sub-Saharan Africa –Christine Fischer 15. Politics of AIDS treatment in Brazil – Andre de Mello e Souza 16. Conclusion