Kohut's Twinship Across Cultures

Koichi Togashi, Ph.D., L.P. is a Professor at Konan University, Kobe, Japan, and a Faculty and Training and Supervising Analyst at TRISP, New York, USA. He works in private practice in Kobe and Hiroshima, Japan.Amanda Kottler, M.A. (Clinical Psychology) was a Senior Lecturer at the University of Cape Town for a number of years. She works in private practice in Cape Town, South Africa.

Original and groundbreaking, this book by Togashi and Kottler constitutes the most important contribution to self psychology’s theory in many years, and thus expands also the range of relational psychoanalysis. Their focus on experience of otherness in yearning for connection, for the sense of being human among humans, will make this a classic. A great gift for every clinician. - Donna Orange Institute for the Psychoanalytic Study of Subjectivity, New York, USA"In a work of superb scholarship, Togashi and Kottler offer an expansion and refinement of Kohut’s concept of twinship (which originated in his studies of narcissism) entailing a delicate balance of sameness and difference that constitutes a sense of what I prefer to call existential kinship, of being a human among humans. They show with rich and convincing clinical examples how twinship/existential kinship experiences in the therapeutic relationship can be enormously beneficial for those who suffer from profound feelings of alienation, estrangement, meaninglessness, and existential anguish—feelings that are a ubiquitous legacy of emotional trauma."—Robert D. Stolorow, PhD, author, World, Affectivity, Trauma: Heidegger and Post-Cartesian PsychoanalysisThis is an important book. Too often psychoanalysis is perceived as a universalizing theory that neglects the cultures and contexts of psychological experience. The authors, one from Japan, the other from South Africa, bring their unique perspectives to bear on the question of human relating. They suggest that while the human need to relate is present across cultures, it is shaped by the specific cultural practices in which each person develops. Chapters on the role of culture difference and gendered discourses illustrate the veracity of their perspective. The authors convincingly demonstrate the evolving nature of contemporary self-psychology and its intersection with relational psychoanalysis. Above all this is a study of what it means to be human and how to think about the fundamental issues raised by our relational existence. - Roger Frie, Ph.D. Psy.D. R. Psych Professor, Simon Fraser University and University of British Columbia.Arguably Heinz Kohut’s most central, phenomenologically based concept, the twinship selfobject experience ultimately has its roots in what it means to be human among humans, and to feel at home. Togashi and Kottler masterfully elaborate and expand these fundamental themes in highly original and creative directions—a testament to how cutting edge contemporary psychoanalysis and psychotherapy continue to be. Reflecting a true advance in our field, and with exceptional scholarship, these authors bring into striking relief the dialectical role of sameness and difference, and the role of traumatic dehumanization as the darker side of what it means to be human: that we are relentlessly vulnerable. This seminal work is a must-read for all clinicians wanting to deepen their immersion in and understanding of their patient’s humanness, sense of belongingness, and the embedded vulnerability inherent in being a human among humans. - William J. Coburn, Ph.D., Psy.D. Founding Editor Emeritus International Journal of Psychoanalytic Self PsychologyAwakening us to the profound importance of twinship through their penetrating exploration of this complex phenomenon, Togashi and Kottler not only deepen our understanding of what it means to be human, but perhaps, even more importantly, show us what it means to suffer the devastating loss of a sense of being human. They provide new ways of understanding the ethnic, cultural and societal contexts of the human condition through their introduction of such evocative concepts as "the mutual finding of oneself and not oneself in the other," and "self-place experience." Richly detailed clinical vignettes that bring their theoretical innovations into clear focus make this a must-read for clinicians of every persuasion. – Doris BrothersKoichi Togashi and Amanda Kottler joined forces to rescue the twinship experience from its too oftem neglected place as a bit player on the psychoanalytic stage. In so doing they have given the practicing clinician an enormous gift. These two seasoned therapists, familiar with their own cultures (Japanese and South African) and experienced in western psychotherapy practice have conceptualized detailed and accessible clinical work that bridges the longing for twinship experiences with what it means to be human, in the context of the analyst’s intimate participation in the therapeutic process. Their detailed and compelling clinical vignettes and case histories illustrate the widely sought-after twinship experience, the feeling. "I am like you and you are like me" as it appears in carried guises and simultaneously embodies basic human needs. This book will sensitize western clinicians to these subtle but urgent longings. The cultural diversity at the core of this book will be of benefit to all analyst-patient dyads since the twinship experience calls for a joint humanity that is at the heart of psychoanalytic treatment. - Frank M. Lachmann, Ph.D. Founding Faculty Institute for the Psychoanalytic Study of Subjectivity, New York

• PREFACE Joseph D. Lichtenberg, MD Acknowledgements Introduction Chapter 1: The Many Faces of Twinship: From The Psychology of the Self to The Psychology of Being HumanChapter 2: A New Dimension of Twinship Selfobject Experience and Transference Chapter 3: Twinship and "Otherness": A Self Psychological, Intersubjective Approach to "Difference" Chapter 4: Mutual Finding of Oneself and Not-Oneself in the Other as a Twinship ExperienceChapter 5: Trauma, Recovery and Humanization: From Fantasy, to Transitional Selfobject, through a Twinship Tie Chapter 6: Contemporary Self Psychology and Cultural Issues: "Self-Place Experience" in an Asian Culture Chapter 7: Placeness in the Twinship Experience Chapter 8: "I am afraid of seeing your face":Trauma and the dread of engaging in a twinship tieChapter 9: Is It a Problem for Us to Say, "It Is a Coincidence That the Patient Does Well"? Chapter 10: Being Human and not being Human: The Evolution of a twinship experience Epilogue What is "Being Human"? References