KATHRYN ANDERSON Graduate Programme in Economic Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USAPAUL GLEWWE The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAKAREL JANSEN Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands and National University, Ho Chi Min City, VietnamDOOWON LEE Economics Department, Yonsei University, Seoul, KoreaSAHIYA LHAGVA Institute of Economics, Mongolian State University, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaZHU LING Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, ChinaJENNIE LITVACK The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAMAMTA MURTHI Research Fellow, Centre for History and Economics, King's College, Cambridge, UKRICHARD POMFRET Department of Economics, University of Adelaide, AustraliaMENNO PRADHAN Free University, The NetherlandsKINNON SCOTT The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAPAOLO VERME London School of Economics, UK

'The issues discussed in this book are most important and timely, with some essential lessons for balancing in the transition process to limit the (hopefully temporary) loss of welfare. I feel that these lessons can be carried over to South Asia, and especially Nepal, presently in a process of transition. Given the important and timely issues of the book, I recommend this publication.' - Nephil Matangi Maskay, General Secretary, Nepal Health Economics Association

• List of Tables List of Figures Notes on the Contributors Foreword PART I: INTRODUCTION Well-Being During the Transition in Asia; M.F.Montes & A.Lu PART II: WELFARE TRENDS IN KEY SECTORS Provision of Health Care and Education in Transitional Asia: Key Issues and Lessons from Vietnam; P.Glewwe & J.Litvack Labour Markets in Asian Transition Economies; A.Lu & P.Verme PART III: COUNTRY STUDIES CHINA AND VIETNAM Economic Reforms and Welfare Changes in China; A.Lu Poverty Alleviation During the Transition in China; Z.Ling Economic Reform and Welfare in Vietnam; K.Jansen CENTRAL AISAN REPUBLICS (CARs) Poverty and Economic Transition in Kazakhstan; M.Murthi, M.Pradhan & K.Scott Gradual Economic Reform and Well-Being in Uzbekistan; R.Pomfret & K.Anderson OTHER ASIAN TRANSITION ECONOMIES (ATEs) Mongolia: The Welfare Impact of Marketization; S.Lhagva Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Structure of the Welfare System and Expected Impact of Marketization; D.Lee PART IV: POLICY CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Sustaining Welfare During the Transition: Lessons from Asia; A.Lu & M.F.Montes Index

KATHRYN ANDERSON Graduate Programme in Economic Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USAPAUL GLEWWE The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAKAREL JANSEN Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands and National University, Ho Chi Min City, VietnamDOOWON LEE Economics Department, Yonsei University, Seoul, KoreaSAHIYA LHAGVA Institute of Economics, Mongolian State University, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaZHU LING Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, ChinaJENNIE LITVACK The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAMAMTA MURTHI Research Fellow, Centre for History and Economics, King's College, Cambridge, UKRICHARD POMFRET Department of Economics, University of Adelaide, AustraliaMENNO PRADHAN Free University, The NetherlandsKINNON SCOTT The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAPAOLO VERME London School of Economics, UK

'The issues discussed in this book are most important and timely, with some essential lessons for balancing in the transition process to limit the (hopefully temporary) loss of welfare. I feel that these lessons can be carried over to South Asia, and especially Nepal, presently in a process of transition. Given the important and timely issues of the book, I recommend this publication.' - Nephil Matangi Maskay, General Secretary, Nepal Health Economics Association

• List of Tables List of Figures Notes on the Contributors Foreword PART I: INTRODUCTION Well-Being During the Transition in Asia; M.F.Montes & A.Lu PART II: WELFARE TRENDS IN KEY SECTORS Provision of Health Care and Education in Transitional Asia: Key Issues and Lessons from Vietnam; P.Glewwe & J.Litvack Labour Markets in Asian Transition Economies; A.Lu & P.Verme PART III: COUNTRY STUDIES CHINA AND VIETNAM Economic Reforms and Welfare Changes in China; A.Lu Poverty Alleviation During the Transition in China; Z.Ling Economic Reform and Welfare in Vietnam; K.Jansen CENTRAL AISAN REPUBLICS (CARs) Poverty and Economic Transition in Kazakhstan; M.Murthi, M.Pradhan & K.Scott Gradual Economic Reform and Well-Being in Uzbekistan; R.Pomfret & K.Anderson OTHER ASIAN TRANSITION ECONOMIES (ATEs) Mongolia: The Welfare Impact of Marketization; S.Lhagva Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Structure of the Welfare System and Expected Impact of Marketization; D.Lee PART IV: POLICY CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Sustaining Welfare During the Transition: Lessons from Asia; A.Lu & M.F.Montes Index

KATHRYN ANDERSON Graduate Programme in Economic Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USAPAUL GLEWWE The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAKAREL JANSEN Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands and National University, Ho Chi Min City, VietnamDOOWON LEE Economics Department, Yonsei University, Seoul, KoreaSAHIYA LHAGVA Institute of Economics, Mongolian State University, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaZHU LING Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, ChinaJENNIE LITVACK The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAMAMTA MURTHI Research Fellow, Centre for History and Economics, King's College, Cambridge, UKRICHARD POMFRET Department of Economics, University of Adelaide, AustraliaMENNO PRADHAN Free University, The NetherlandsKINNON SCOTT The World Bank, Washington, DC, USAPAOLO VERME London School of Economics, UK

'The issues discussed in this book are most important and timely, with some essential lessons for balancing in the transition process to limit the (hopefully temporary) loss of welfare. I feel that these lessons can be carried over to South Asia, and especially Nepal, presently in a process of transition. Given the important and timely issues of the book, I recommend this publication.' - Nephil Matangi Maskay, General Secretary, Nepal Health Economics Association

• List of Tables List of Figures Notes on the Contributors Foreword PART I: INTRODUCTION Well-Being During the Transition in Asia; M.F.Montes & A.Lu PART II: WELFARE TRENDS IN KEY SECTORS Provision of Health Care and Education in Transitional Asia: Key Issues and Lessons from Vietnam; P.Glewwe & J.Litvack Labour Markets in Asian Transition Economies; A.Lu & P.Verme PART III: COUNTRY STUDIES CHINA AND VIETNAM Economic Reforms and Welfare Changes in China; A.Lu Poverty Alleviation During the Transition in China; Z.Ling Economic Reform and Welfare in Vietnam; K.Jansen CENTRAL AISAN REPUBLICS (CARs) Poverty and Economic Transition in Kazakhstan; M.Murthi, M.Pradhan & K.Scott Gradual Economic Reform and Well-Being in Uzbekistan; R.Pomfret & K.Anderson OTHER ASIAN TRANSITION ECONOMIES (ATEs) Mongolia: The Welfare Impact of Marketization; S.Lhagva Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Structure of the Welfare System and Expected Impact of Marketization; D.Lee PART IV: POLICY CONLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Sustaining Welfare During the Transition: Lessons from Asia; A.Lu & M.F.Montes Index