JOACHIM ÅSTRÖM Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenHUBERTUS BUCHSTEIN Professor of Political Science, University of Greifswald, GermanyWOLFGANG DRECHSLER Department of Public Administration, University of Tartu, EstoniaHANS GESER Department of Political Science, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandCAROLYN HRIBAR Department of Political Science, Kent State Uniersity, Ohio, USAKIMMO GRÖNLUND Department of Political Science, Abo Akademi University, Turku, FinlandPIA KARGER Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin, GermanyROBERT KOFLER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaROBERT KRIMMER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaRONALD LEENES Department of Law, Twente University, Enschede, NetherlandsÜLLE MADISE Executive Secretary and Advisor, Constitutional Committee, Estonian Parliament, EstoniaRAMONA S. MCNEAL Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAPIPPA NORRIS John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University USAJAN OLSSON Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenLAWRENCE PRATCHETT Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UKALEXANDER PROSSER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaMAIJA SETÄLÄ Department of Political Science, University of Turku, FinlandFRED L. SOLOP Department of Political Science, University ofNorthern Arizona, USAJÖRGEN S. SVENSSON Department of Sociology, Twente University, Emschede, NetherlandsCAROLINE J. TOLBERT Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAMELVIN WINGFIELD Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

• List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Preface PART I: ISSUES AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS Electronic Voting and Democratic Issues: An Introduction; N.Kersting & H.Baldersheim Cyber Citizens: Mapping Internet Access and Digital Divides in Western Europe; K.Grönlund Online Democracy: Is it Viable? Is it Desirable? Internet Voting and Normative Democratic Theory; H.Buchstein PART II: COUNTRY STUDIES Electronic Voting in the United States: At the Leading Edge or Lagging Behind?; F.I.Solop Electronic Voting in Switzerland; H.Geser Electronic Voting in Estonia; W.Drechsler & Ü.Madise Electronic Voting in Austria: Current State of Public Internet Elections; A.Prosser, R.Krimmer & R.Kofler Electronic Voting in Finland: The Internet and its Political Applications; M.Setälä & K.Grönlund Electronic Voting in Germany: Political Elections Online - Utopia or the Future?; P.Karger Electronic Democracy in Sweden: Hare or Tortoise?; J.Olsson & J.Åström Electronic Voting in the United Kingdom: Lessons and Limitations from the UK Experience; L.Pratchett & M.Wingfield PART II: STUDIES ON ELECTRONIC PARTICIPATION AND DIGITAL DIVIDES Will New Technology Boost Turnout? Evaluating Experiments in UK Local Elections; P.Norris Citizen Attitudes About Online Voting; R.S.McNeal, C.Hribar & C.J.Tolbert Digital Democracy Comes of Age: Internet Voting and the 2000 Arizona Democratic Primary Election; F.I.Solop Internet Voting Behaviour: Lessons from a German Local Election; N.Kersting PART IV: CONCLUSIONS Adopting Electronic Voting: Context Matters; N.Kersting, R.Leenes & J.S. Svensson

JOACHIM ÅSTRÖM Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenHUBERTUS BUCHSTEIN Professor of Political Science, University of Greifswald, GermanyWOLFGANG DRECHSLER Department of Public Administration, University of Tartu, EstoniaHANS GESER Department of Political Science, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandCAROLYN HRIBAR Department of Political Science, Kent State Uniersity, Ohio, USAKIMMO GRÖNLUND Department of Political Science, Abo Akademi University, Turku, FinlandPIA KARGER Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin, GermanyROBERT KOFLER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaROBERT KRIMMER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaRONALD LEENES Department of Law, Twente University, Enschede, NetherlandsÜLLE MADISE Executive Secretary and Advisor, Constitutional Committee, Estonian Parliament, EstoniaRAMONA S. MCNEAL Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAPIPPA NORRIS John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University USAJAN OLSSON Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenLAWRENCE PRATCHETT Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UKALEXANDER PROSSER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaMAIJA SETÄLÄ Department of Political Science, University of Turku, FinlandFRED L. SOLOP Department of Political Science, University ofNorthern Arizona, USAJÖRGEN S. SVENSSON Department of Sociology, Twente University, Emschede, NetherlandsCAROLINE J. TOLBERT Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAMELVIN WINGFIELD Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

• List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Preface PART I: ISSUES AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS Electronic Voting and Democratic Issues: An Introduction; N.Kersting & H.Baldersheim Cyber Citizens: Mapping Internet Access and Digital Divides in Western Europe; K.Grönlund Online Democracy: Is it Viable? Is it Desirable? Internet Voting and Normative Democratic Theory; H.Buchstein PART II: COUNTRY STUDIES Electronic Voting in the United States: At the Leading Edge or Lagging Behind?; F.I.Solop Electronic Voting in Switzerland; H.Geser Electronic Voting in Estonia; W.Drechsler & Ü.Madise Electronic Voting in Austria: Current State of Public Internet Elections; A.Prosser, R.Krimmer & R.Kofler Electronic Voting in Finland: The Internet and its Political Applications; M.Setälä & K.Grönlund Electronic Voting in Germany: Political Elections Online - Utopia or the Future?; P.Karger Electronic Democracy in Sweden: Hare or Tortoise?; J.Olsson & J.Åström Electronic Voting in the United Kingdom: Lessons and Limitations from the UK Experience; L.Pratchett & M.Wingfield PART II: STUDIES ON ELECTRONIC PARTICIPATION AND DIGITAL DIVIDES Will New Technology Boost Turnout? Evaluating Experiments in UK Local Elections; P.Norris Citizen Attitudes About Online Voting; R.S.McNeal, C.Hribar & C.J.Tolbert Digital Democracy Comes of Age: Internet Voting and the 2000 Arizona Democratic Primary Election; F.I.Solop Internet Voting Behaviour: Lessons from a German Local Election; N.Kersting PART IV: CONCLUSIONS Adopting Electronic Voting: Context Matters; N.Kersting, R.Leenes & J.S. Svensson

JOACHIM ÅSTRÖM Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenHUBERTUS BUCHSTEIN Professor of Political Science, University of Greifswald, GermanyWOLFGANG DRECHSLER Department of Public Administration, University of Tartu, EstoniaHANS GESER Department of Political Science, University of Zurich, SwitzerlandCAROLYN HRIBAR Department of Political Science, Kent State Uniersity, Ohio, USAKIMMO GRÖNLUND Department of Political Science, Abo Akademi University, Turku, FinlandPIA KARGER Federal Ministry of the Interior, Berlin, GermanyROBERT KOFLER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaROBERT KRIMMER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaRONALD LEENES Department of Law, Twente University, Enschede, NetherlandsÜLLE MADISE Executive Secretary and Advisor, Constitutional Committee, Estonian Parliament, EstoniaRAMONA S. MCNEAL Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAPIPPA NORRIS John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University USAJAN OLSSON Department of Social Sciences, University of Örebro, SwedenLAWRENCE PRATCHETT Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UKALEXANDER PROSSER Institute for Information Economics, Vienna University of Economics and BA, AustriaMAIJA SETÄLÄ Department of Political Science, University of Turku, FinlandFRED L. SOLOP Department of Political Science, University ofNorthern Arizona, USAJÖRGEN S. SVENSSON Department of Sociology, Twente University, Emschede, NetherlandsCAROLINE J. TOLBERT Department of Political Science, Kent State University, Ohio, USAMELVIN WINGFIELD Department of Public Policy, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

• List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Preface PART I: ISSUES AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS Electronic Voting and Democratic Issues: An Introduction; N.Kersting & H.Baldersheim Cyber Citizens: Mapping Internet Access and Digital Divides in Western Europe; K.Grönlund Online Democracy: Is it Viable? Is it Desirable? Internet Voting and Normative Democratic Theory; H.Buchstein PART II: COUNTRY STUDIES Electronic Voting in the United States: At the Leading Edge or Lagging Behind?; F.I.Solop Electronic Voting in Switzerland; H.Geser Electronic Voting in Estonia; W.Drechsler & Ü.Madise Electronic Voting in Austria: Current State of Public Internet Elections; A.Prosser, R.Krimmer & R.Kofler Electronic Voting in Finland: The Internet and its Political Applications; M.Setälä & K.Grönlund Electronic Voting in Germany: Political Elections Online - Utopia or the Future?; P.Karger Electronic Democracy in Sweden: Hare or Tortoise?; J.Olsson & J.Åström Electronic Voting in the United Kingdom: Lessons and Limitations from the UK Experience; L.Pratchett & M.Wingfield PART II: STUDIES ON ELECTRONIC PARTICIPATION AND DIGITAL DIVIDES Will New Technology Boost Turnout? Evaluating Experiments in UK Local Elections; P.Norris Citizen Attitudes About Online Voting; R.S.McNeal, C.Hribar & C.J.Tolbert Digital Democracy Comes of Age: Internet Voting and the 2000 Arizona Democratic Primary Election; F.I.Solop Internet Voting Behaviour: Lessons from a German Local Election; N.Kersting PART IV: CONCLUSIONS Adopting Electronic Voting: Context Matters; N.Kersting, R.Leenes & J.S. Svensson