David Steele has been a professional sports journalist for more than 35 years. He has written for the Sporting News, AOL, the BaltimoreSun, the San Francisco Chronicle and Newsday, and has contributed to ESPN’s The Undefeated, USA Today and the NAACP’s The Crisis magazine. He is the co-author of Silent Gesture: The Autobiography of Tommie Smith (Temple) and of Four Generations of Color, the autobiography of pioneering baseball scout and sports agent Miles McAfee. He has won writing awards from the National Association of Black Journalists, the Association of Black Media Workers, the Associated Press Sports Editors and the Society of Professional Journalists. A graduate of the University of Maryland at College Park, he serves on the advisory board for the Shirley Povich Center for Sports Journalism at his alma mater.

"In this well written and well researched book, Steele directly takes on the issue of antiracist activism by athletes who make an active choice to thrust themselves forward and take a stand and refuse to 'shut up and play.'...VERDICT Highly recommended for all readers of all ages. Steele’s work shares new insights on activism in American athletics and particularly keys in on the consequences of athletes’ protests."-Library Journal(Starred Review) "A closely observed, well-argued examination of how athletes have used their fame to advance civil rights."-Kirkus Reviews "Steele, a sports journalist, connects recent efforts by Black athletes to effect social change, initiated by Colin Kaepernick kneeling for the national anthem, to the history of Black athletes using their platform to draw attention to racial injustice.... In particular, Steele draws a direct line from the famous protest by John Carlos and Tommie Smith at the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City. He contrasts this with the period from the 1980s to the early 2000s, when Black athletes mostly tried to stay out of larger social justice debates.... [A]s Steele demonstrates, given recent high-profile incidents of police violence against Black people and the demagoguery of now former President Donald Trump and his supporters, the need for protest and social justice campaigns remains as great as ever.... Summing Up: Recommended."-Choice "Steele takes on the task of positioning recent sports activism in the United States within the longer history of athletes in that country taking a stand against racial injustice.... Steele writes in an engaging and impassioned style that will certainly attract a broad readership.... It Was Always a Choice is a book with a clear argument – that athletes cannot and should not stand above the fray when it comes to civil rights activism – and anyone who is looking to understand recent events in US sporting history would benefit from reading it."-Sport in History "David Steele’s authoritative and engaging account uses historical reflection and up-to-date analysis to locate the key issues firmly in the present; but also, encouragingly, it turns its gaze to the future, and considers what, and who, might come next. Within the broader realm of sporting activism, Steele’s book focuses specifically on race and racism, and explores the actions undertaken largely but not exclusively by African American athletes in the United States. Through a comprehensive and thoughtful delineation of their actions, bodily gestures and spoken words, Steele outlines how Black sportspeople are inseparable from the communities which they emerge from and represent.... It Was Always a Choice is an important and insightful text."-Ethnic and Racial Studies "Steele’s work effectively calls attention to Black athletes’ engagement in political and social activism and the costs of their decisions to do so.... [T]his very readable text provides an insightful and compelling assessment of key issues related to Black athlete activism.... In its best moments, the book skillfully spotlights the choices made by individual athletes in contemporary times and highlights the varied reactions to those decisions. Steele’s chapter on the activism of players in the Women’s National Basketball Association is important and engaging, as is his analysis of how [George] Floyd’s murder reverberated through the sports world."-Journal of Sport History “This work is important and, when done by a journalist of esteem as impressive as David Steele, It Was Always a Choice is also a must-read.”-Claire Smith, Codirector of the Claire Smith Center for Sports Media at Temple University and Baseball Writers’ Association of America Career Excellence Award–winning sports journalist of forty years “I’ve been waiting for David Steele to lend his critical eye in book form to the question of athletic struggle. His articles have proven to be a roadmap toward understanding the mess of inspiration and contradiction that has defined this explosive period. To read his ideas and analysis fleshed out in It Was Always a Choice is to take a walk through the past and present and finally understand to the fullest how it all connects. It is an indispensable book for anyone who wants to understand not only the sports world, but the real world it inhabits.”-Dave Zirin, author of The Kaepernick Effect: Taking a Knee, Changing the World

David Steele has been a professional sports journalist for more than 35 years. He has written for the Sporting News, AOL, the BaltimoreSun, the San Francisco Chronicle and Newsday, and has contributed to ESPN’s The Undefeated, USA Today and the NAACP’s The Crisis magazine. He is the co-author of Silent Gesture: The Autobiography of Tommie Smith (Temple) and of Four Generations of Color, the autobiography of pioneering baseball scout and sports agent Miles McAfee. He has won writing awards from the National Association of Black Journalists, the Association of Black Media Workers, the Associated Press Sports Editors and the Society of Professional Journalists. A graduate of the University of Maryland at College Park, he serves on the advisory board for the Shirley Povich Center for Sports Journalism at his alma mater.

"In this well written and well researched book, Steele directly takes on the issue of antiracist activism by athletes who make an active choice to thrust themselves forward and take a stand and refuse to 'shut up and play.'...VERDICT Highly recommended for all readers of all ages. Steele’s work shares new insights on activism in American athletics and particularly keys in on the consequences of athletes’ protests."-Library Journal(Starred Review) "A closely observed, well-argued examination of how athletes have used their fame to advance civil rights."-Kirkus Reviews "Steele, a sports journalist, connects recent efforts by Black athletes to effect social change, initiated by Colin Kaepernick kneeling for the national anthem, to the history of Black athletes using their platform to draw attention to racial injustice.... In particular, Steele draws a direct line from the famous protest by John Carlos and Tommie Smith at the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City. He contrasts this with the period from the 1980s to the early 2000s, when Black athletes mostly tried to stay out of larger social justice debates.... [A]s Steele demonstrates, given recent high-profile incidents of police violence against Black people and the demagoguery of now former President Donald Trump and his supporters, the need for protest and social justice campaigns remains as great as ever.... Summing Up: Recommended."-Choice "Steele takes on the task of positioning recent sports activism in the United States within the longer history of athletes in that country taking a stand against racial injustice.... Steele writes in an engaging and impassioned style that will certainly attract a broad readership.... It Was Always a Choice is a book with a clear argument – that athletes cannot and should not stand above the fray when it comes to civil rights activism – and anyone who is looking to understand recent events in US sporting history would benefit from reading it."-Sport in History "David Steele’s authoritative and engaging account uses historical reflection and up-to-date analysis to locate the key issues firmly in the present; but also, encouragingly, it turns its gaze to the future, and considers what, and who, might come next. Within the broader realm of sporting activism, Steele’s book focuses specifically on race and racism, and explores the actions undertaken largely but not exclusively by African American athletes in the United States. Through a comprehensive and thoughtful delineation of their actions, bodily gestures and spoken words, Steele outlines how Black sportspeople are inseparable from the communities which they emerge from and represent.... It Was Always a Choice is an important and insightful text."-Ethnic and Racial Studies "Steele’s work effectively calls attention to Black athletes’ engagement in political and social activism and the costs of their decisions to do so.... [T]his very readable text provides an insightful and compelling assessment of key issues related to Black athlete activism.... In its best moments, the book skillfully spotlights the choices made by individual athletes in contemporary times and highlights the varied reactions to those decisions. Steele’s chapter on the activism of players in the Women’s National Basketball Association is important and engaging, as is his analysis of how [George] Floyd’s murder reverberated through the sports world."-Journal of Sport History “This work is important and, when done by a journalist of esteem as impressive as David Steele, It Was Always a Choice is also a must-read.”-Claire Smith, Codirector of the Claire Smith Center for Sports Media at Temple University and Baseball Writers’ Association of America Career Excellence Award–winning sports journalist of forty years “I’ve been waiting for David Steele to lend his critical eye in book form to the question of athletic struggle. His articles have proven to be a roadmap toward understanding the mess of inspiration and contradiction that has defined this explosive period. To read his ideas and analysis fleshed out in It Was Always a Choice is to take a walk through the past and present and finally understand to the fullest how it all connects. It is an indispensable book for anyone who wants to understand not only the sports world, but the real world it inhabits.”-Dave Zirin, author of The Kaepernick Effect: Taking a Knee, Changing the World

David Steele has been a professional sports journalist for more than 35 years. He has written for the Sporting News, AOL, the BaltimoreSun, the San Francisco Chronicle and Newsday, and has contributed to ESPN’s The Undefeated, USA Today and the NAACP’s The Crisis magazine. He is the co-author of Silent Gesture: The Autobiography of Tommie Smith (Temple) and of Four Generations of Color, the autobiography of pioneering baseball scout and sports agent Miles McAfee. He has won writing awards from the National Association of Black Journalists, the Association of Black Media Workers, the Associated Press Sports Editors and the Society of Professional Journalists. A graduate of the University of Maryland at College Park, he serves on the advisory board for the Shirley Povich Center for Sports Journalism at his alma mater.

"In this well written and well researched book, Steele directly takes on the issue of antiracist activism by athletes who make an active choice to thrust themselves forward and take a stand and refuse to 'shut up and play.'...VERDICT Highly recommended for all readers of all ages. Steele’s work shares new insights on activism in American athletics and particularly keys in on the consequences of athletes’ protests."-Library Journal(Starred Review) "A closely observed, well-argued examination of how athletes have used their fame to advance civil rights."-Kirkus Reviews "Steele, a sports journalist, connects recent efforts by Black athletes to effect social change, initiated by Colin Kaepernick kneeling for the national anthem, to the history of Black athletes using their platform to draw attention to racial injustice.... In particular, Steele draws a direct line from the famous protest by John Carlos and Tommie Smith at the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City. He contrasts this with the period from the 1980s to the early 2000s, when Black athletes mostly tried to stay out of larger social justice debates.... [A]s Steele demonstrates, given recent high-profile incidents of police violence against Black people and the demagoguery of now former President Donald Trump and his supporters, the need for protest and social justice campaigns remains as great as ever.... Summing Up: Recommended."-Choice "Steele takes on the task of positioning recent sports activism in the United States within the longer history of athletes in that country taking a stand against racial injustice.... Steele writes in an engaging and impassioned style that will certainly attract a broad readership.... It Was Always a Choice is a book with a clear argument – that athletes cannot and should not stand above the fray when it comes to civil rights activism – and anyone who is looking to understand recent events in US sporting history would benefit from reading it."-Sport in History "David Steele’s authoritative and engaging account uses historical reflection and up-to-date analysis to locate the key issues firmly in the present; but also, encouragingly, it turns its gaze to the future, and considers what, and who, might come next. Within the broader realm of sporting activism, Steele’s book focuses specifically on race and racism, and explores the actions undertaken largely but not exclusively by African American athletes in the United States. Through a comprehensive and thoughtful delineation of their actions, bodily gestures and spoken words, Steele outlines how Black sportspeople are inseparable from the communities which they emerge from and represent.... It Was Always a Choice is an important and insightful text."-Ethnic and Racial Studies "Steele’s work effectively calls attention to Black athletes’ engagement in political and social activism and the costs of their decisions to do so.... [T]his very readable text provides an insightful and compelling assessment of key issues related to Black athlete activism.... In its best moments, the book skillfully spotlights the choices made by individual athletes in contemporary times and highlights the varied reactions to those decisions. Steele’s chapter on the activism of players in the Women’s National Basketball Association is important and engaging, as is his analysis of how [George] Floyd’s murder reverberated through the sports world."-Journal of Sport History “This work is important and, when done by a journalist of esteem as impressive as David Steele, It Was Always a Choice is also a must-read.”-Claire Smith, Codirector of the Claire Smith Center for Sports Media at Temple University and Baseball Writers’ Association of America Career Excellence Award–winning sports journalist of forty years “I’ve been waiting for David Steele to lend his critical eye in book form to the question of athletic struggle. His articles have proven to be a roadmap toward understanding the mess of inspiration and contradiction that has defined this explosive period. To read his ideas and analysis fleshed out in It Was Always a Choice is to take a walk through the past and present and finally understand to the fullest how it all connects. It is an indispensable book for anyone who wants to understand not only the sports world, but the real world it inhabits.”-Dave Zirin, author of The Kaepernick Effect: Taking a Knee, Changing the World