Michael C. LeMay, PhD, is professor emeritus of political science at California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB).

This easy-to-read book provides researchers with a wealth of valuable information. Recommend[ed] for public, school, and academic libraries.

• Preface,1 Background and History,Introduction: Precursor Events to the Homeland Security Act,The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965,The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA),Proposition 187, Al Qaeda's Probing Acts of Terrorism, and the 1996 Immigration-Related Reform Acts,The Making of Fortress America in Response to International Terrorism,The USA Patriot Act of October 26, 2001,Dissolving the INS and Creating the DHS,Further Homeland Security Measures in the Bush Years,Homeland Security Actions during the Obama Administration,Extension of DACA and Issuance of DAPA,Homeland Security Actions and Issues during the Trump Administration,Conclusion,References,2 Problems, Controversies, and Solutions,Introduction,Groupthink Problems and the Establishment of the DHS and Homeland Security Policy,Management Problems for a Behemoth Department,Cyberattacks and Homeland Security,Problems with Civil Liberties and Privacy versus Security,Comprehensive Immigration Reform,Climate Change and the Frequency and Intensity of Natural Disasters,Secret Service Scandals and Reform Efforts,The Travel Ban Controversy,Business Needs versus Security Concerns in Visa Application Processing,The Economic Impact of Tightening Visitors' Visas,Federalism's Impact—Relations with State and Local Governments,The Brain-Drain Problem,The Impact of Immigration on Social Security,Conclusion,References,3 Perspectives,Introduction,Within These Walls: The Sanctuary Movement by Dianne Aid,Evolution of Emergency Management in the United States: Innovation, Collaboration, and Focusing Events by DeeDee M. Bennett,Congressional Staffing and Homeland Security Policy Making by Sara Hagedorn,Our Legacy Waste: Chemical and Nuclear by Irene Kornelly,Homeland Insecurity, Personal Security, and Constitutional Safeguards by Alemayehu G. Mariam,All Souls Unitarian/Universalist Church: Why We Became a Sanctuary Church by Rev. Nori Rost,Cyber Security and the Department of Homeland Security by Adilene Sandoval,Congressional Oversight of the Department of Homeland Security Undermines Security and Accountability by Christina Villegas,4 Profiles,Introduction,Organizations,Al Qaeda,American Civil Liberties Union,American Conservative Union,American Enterprise Institute,American Immigration Control Foundation,American Immigration Law Foundation,American Immigration Lawyers Association,American Library Association,Americans for Prosperity,Association of Patriotic Arab-Americans in the Military,Border Policy Research Institute,Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement,Business Roundtable,Catholic Legal Immigration Network,The Cato Institute,Center for American Progress,Center for Democracy and Technology,Center for Immigration Studies,Center for Migration Studies,Center for Privacy and Technology Policy,Center for Strategic and International Studies,Center for the Study of Hate Crimes and Extremism,Center on Budget and Policy Priorities,Congressional Research Service,Council of Graduate Schools,Council on Foreign Relations,Department of Homeland Security,Department of Justice,Federation for American Immigration Reform,Free Congress Foundation (Now American Opportunity Foundation),Freedom Works,Government Accountability Office,Heritage Foundation,Hudson Institute,Human Rights First,National Conference of State Legislatures,National Immigration Forum,National Immigration Law Center,National Institute for Public Policy,National Rifle Association,National Security Council,Office of Management and Budget,PEW Hispanic Center,RAND Corporation,September 11 Commission,United States Customs and Border Protection,People,Ashcroft, John (1942–),bin Laden, Osama (1957–2011),Bush, George W. (1946–),Card, Andrew, Jr. (1947–),Cheney, Richard "Dick" (1941–),Chertoff, Michael (1953–),Clancy, Joseph (1953–),Clarke, Richard (1950–),Clinton, William (1946–),Comey, James (1960–),Conyers, John (1929–),Dinh, Viet (1968–),Durbin, Richard "Dick" (1944–),Gonzales, Alberto (1955–),Goodlatte, Bob (1952–),Gore, Al (1948–),Graham, Lindsey (1955–),Gutierrez, Luis (1953–),Hanen, Andrew (1953–),Hatch, Orrin (1934–),Hetfield, Mark (1967–),Jackson-Lee, Sheila (1950–),Johnson, Jeh (1957–),Kelly, John F. (1950–),Kerry, John (1943–),Koch, Charles (1935–),Koch, David (1940–),Krikorian, Mark (1961–),Levin, Brian (n/a–),Lieberman, Joseph (1942–),Loy, James (1942–),McCain, John (1936–),McConnell, Mike (1943–),McConnell, Mitch (1942–),Minihan, Ken (1943–),Napolitano, Janet (1957–),Obama, Barack (1961–),Peterman, Brian (n/a–),Ridge, Tom (1945–),Rogers, Mike (1959–),Ryan, Mary (1940–2006),Sensenbrenner, James (1943–),Sessions, Jeff (1946–),Sullivan, Mark (1956–),Thornberry, Mac (1958–),Trump, Donald (1946–),Watson, Derrick (1966–),Yates, Sally (1960–),Ziglar, Jim (n/a–),5 Data and Documents,Introduction,Structure of the Department of Homeland Security,Table 5.1. Component Units of the Department of Homeland Security and the Department/Agency from Which They Came to DHS,Figure 5.1. Department of Homeland Security's Organizational Chart,Figure 5.2. The DHS Budget, Fiscal Year 2016, by Agencies/Programs,Figure 5.3. DHS FY Budget, 2014–2016, Mandated and Discretionary Funds,Table 5.2. States, Territories, and Tribal Agencies for Departments of Homeland Security/Emergency Management,Document 5.1. The Homeland Security Act (November 19, 2002),Document 5.2. Reform of the Intelligence Community (2004),Disasters,Table 5.3. Declared FEMA Disasters (2017),Document 5.3. President Bush's Remarks on Hurricane Katrina Recovery Efforts (September 8, 2005),Hate Crimes,Table 5.4. FBI Hate Crime Data, by Year/Group,Table 5.5. Number of Organized Hate Groups, 1999–2016,Figure 5.4. Top Five Triggers of Anti-Muslim Incidents,Terrorism,Table 5.6. Total American Casualties of the War on Terrorism,Document 5.4. REAL ID Act (2005),Document 5.5. Executive Order: Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States,Document 5.6. Summary Excerpts of the Supreme Court Ruling on the Travel Ban (June 26, 2017),Immigration,Table 5.7. Unaccompanied Immigrant Children Encountered, by Fiscal Year and Country of Origin, 2009–2014,Table 5.8. Trends in Removals: 2011–2016,Document 5.7. Immigration Act (1996),Document 5.8. Changes to National Security Entry-Exit Registration System,Document 5.9. The Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) and the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA),Border Control,Table 5.9. U.S. Border Patrol Summary Data, FY 2017,Document 5.10. USA Patriot Act of 2001,Document 5.11. FEMA's Operation Liberty Shield,Document 5.12. The Intelligence Reform and Prevention Act of 2004,Document 5.13. The Secure Border Initiative,Document 5.14. The Secure Fence Act,6 Resources,Introduction,Books,Scholarly Journals,Films,Videos,7 Chronology,Glossary,Index,About the Author,