Daniel Béland is Director of the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada and James McGill Professor in the Department of Political Science at McGill University.Pierre-Marc Daigneault is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Université Laval, and specializes in social policy, policy theories, program evaluation, and research methods.

Beland and Daigneault have assembled a wide-ranging and comprehensive study of what remains an essential component of Canada’s social security system, as it is in most liberal welfare states. The chapters are effectively organized to offer a thorough overview of Canadian social assistance. Almost all empirical chapters are detailed and well organized, which attests to fine editorial oversight and the careful selection of participants, as well as reflecting consistent dedication by the authors. By bringing the volume to print so quickly, the University of Toronto Press is offering readers very current assessments of these programmes. This is an important study. (Journal of Social Policy)

• List of Illustrations List of Contributors Preface Introduction: Understanding Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Pierre-Marc Daigneault and Daniel Béland Part I: International, Comparative, and Multilevel Perspectives1. International Trends in Social Assistance Robert Henry Cox2. Federal Policies, National Trends, and Provincial Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Developments in Social Assistance in Canada, 1990-2013 Gerard W. Boychuk3. An Overview of Social Assistance Trends in Canada Ronald Kneebone and Katherine White4. Poverty and Inequality Trends in Canada Brian Murphy, Andrew Heisz, and Xuelin Zhang Part II: The State of Social Assistance in the Provinces5. Social Assistance in Ontario Peter Graefe6. Québec: The Ambivalent Politics of Social Solidarity Alain Noël7. Social Assistance in British Columbia Jane Pulkingham 8. The State of Social Assistance in Alberta Donna E. Wood9. Social Assistance in Saskatchewan: Development, Reform, and Retrenchment Rick August10. Social Assistance in Manitoba Wayne Simpson11. Social Assistance in New Brunswick: Origins, Developments, and Current Situation Luc Thériault and Hélène Lebreton 12. Welfare Reform in Canada: Nova Scotia Stella Lord13. The State of Social Assistance in Newfoundland and Labrador Matthieu Mondou14. The State of Social Assistance in Prince Edward Island Kathleen Flanagan Part III: Contemporary Issues and Challenges15. Gendering Social Assistance Reform Amber Gazso16. Entrenched Residualism: Social Assistance and People with Disabilities Michael J. Prince17. Immigrants on Social Assistance in Canada: Who Are They and Why Are They There? Tracy Smith-Carrier and Jennifer Mitchell18. Playing Catch-up with Ghosts: Income Assistance for First Nations on Reserve Martin Papillon19. Aging and Social Assistance in the Provinces Patrik Marier and Anne-Marie Séguin20. Shelter and the Street: Housing, Homelessness, and Social Assistance in the Canadian Provinces Michael J. Prince21. Do Active Programs Work? A Review of Canadian Welfare-to-Work Experiments Kelly FoleyConclusion: A Brief Survey of Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Daniel Béland and Pierre-Marc Daigneault Postface: From Welfare Reform-to Welfare Reformulation Sherri Torjman and Ken Battle Index

Daniel Béland is Director of the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada and James McGill Professor in the Department of Political Science at McGill University.Pierre-Marc Daigneault is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Université Laval, and specializes in social policy, policy theories, program evaluation, and research methods.

Beland and Daigneault have assembled a wide-ranging and comprehensive study of what remains an essential component of Canada’s social security system, as it is in most liberal welfare states. The chapters are effectively organized to offer a thorough overview of Canadian social assistance. Almost all empirical chapters are detailed and well organized, which attests to fine editorial oversight and the careful selection of participants, as well as reflecting consistent dedication by the authors. By bringing the volume to print so quickly, the University of Toronto Press is offering readers very current assessments of these programmes. This is an important study. (Journal of Social Policy)

• List of Illustrations List of Contributors Preface Introduction: Understanding Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Pierre-Marc Daigneault and Daniel Béland Part I: International, Comparative, and Multilevel Perspectives1. International Trends in Social Assistance Robert Henry Cox2. Federal Policies, National Trends, and Provincial Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Developments in Social Assistance in Canada, 1990-2013 Gerard W. Boychuk3. An Overview of Social Assistance Trends in Canada Ronald Kneebone and Katherine White4. Poverty and Inequality Trends in Canada Brian Murphy, Andrew Heisz, and Xuelin Zhang Part II: The State of Social Assistance in the Provinces5. Social Assistance in Ontario Peter Graefe6. Québec: The Ambivalent Politics of Social Solidarity Alain Noël7. Social Assistance in British Columbia Jane Pulkingham 8. The State of Social Assistance in Alberta Donna E. Wood9. Social Assistance in Saskatchewan: Development, Reform, and Retrenchment Rick August10. Social Assistance in Manitoba Wayne Simpson11. Social Assistance in New Brunswick: Origins, Developments, and Current Situation Luc Thériault and Hélène Lebreton 12. Welfare Reform in Canada: Nova Scotia Stella Lord13. The State of Social Assistance in Newfoundland and Labrador Matthieu Mondou14. The State of Social Assistance in Prince Edward Island Kathleen Flanagan Part III: Contemporary Issues and Challenges15. Gendering Social Assistance Reform Amber Gazso16. Entrenched Residualism: Social Assistance and People with Disabilities Michael J. Prince17. Immigrants on Social Assistance in Canada: Who Are They and Why Are They There? Tracy Smith-Carrier and Jennifer Mitchell18. Playing Catch-up with Ghosts: Income Assistance for First Nations on Reserve Martin Papillon19. Aging and Social Assistance in the Provinces Patrik Marier and Anne-Marie Séguin20. Shelter and the Street: Housing, Homelessness, and Social Assistance in the Canadian Provinces Michael J. Prince21. Do Active Programs Work? A Review of Canadian Welfare-to-Work Experiments Kelly FoleyConclusion: A Brief Survey of Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Daniel Béland and Pierre-Marc Daigneault Postface: From Welfare Reform-to Welfare Reformulation Sherri Torjman and Ken Battle Index

Daniel Béland is Director of the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada and James McGill Professor in the Department of Political Science at McGill University.Pierre-Marc Daigneault is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Université Laval, and specializes in social policy, policy theories, program evaluation, and research methods.

Beland and Daigneault have assembled a wide-ranging and comprehensive study of what remains an essential component of Canada’s social security system, as it is in most liberal welfare states. The chapters are effectively organized to offer a thorough overview of Canadian social assistance. Almost all empirical chapters are detailed and well organized, which attests to fine editorial oversight and the careful selection of participants, as well as reflecting consistent dedication by the authors. By bringing the volume to print so quickly, the University of Toronto Press is offering readers very current assessments of these programmes. This is an important study. (Journal of Social Policy)

• List of Illustrations List of Contributors Preface Introduction: Understanding Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Pierre-Marc Daigneault and Daniel Béland Part I: International, Comparative, and Multilevel Perspectives1. International Trends in Social Assistance Robert Henry Cox2. Federal Policies, National Trends, and Provincial Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Developments in Social Assistance in Canada, 1990-2013 Gerard W. Boychuk3. An Overview of Social Assistance Trends in Canada Ronald Kneebone and Katherine White4. Poverty and Inequality Trends in Canada Brian Murphy, Andrew Heisz, and Xuelin Zhang Part II: The State of Social Assistance in the Provinces5. Social Assistance in Ontario Peter Graefe6. Québec: The Ambivalent Politics of Social Solidarity Alain Noël7. Social Assistance in British Columbia Jane Pulkingham 8. The State of Social Assistance in Alberta Donna E. Wood9. Social Assistance in Saskatchewan: Development, Reform, and Retrenchment Rick August10. Social Assistance in Manitoba Wayne Simpson11. Social Assistance in New Brunswick: Origins, Developments, and Current Situation Luc Thériault and Hélène Lebreton 12. Welfare Reform in Canada: Nova Scotia Stella Lord13. The State of Social Assistance in Newfoundland and Labrador Matthieu Mondou14. The State of Social Assistance in Prince Edward Island Kathleen Flanagan Part III: Contemporary Issues and Challenges15. Gendering Social Assistance Reform Amber Gazso16. Entrenched Residualism: Social Assistance and People with Disabilities Michael J. Prince17. Immigrants on Social Assistance in Canada: Who Are They and Why Are They There? Tracy Smith-Carrier and Jennifer Mitchell18. Playing Catch-up with Ghosts: Income Assistance for First Nations on Reserve Martin Papillon19. Aging and Social Assistance in the Provinces Patrik Marier and Anne-Marie Séguin20. Shelter and the Street: Housing, Homelessness, and Social Assistance in the Canadian Provinces Michael J. Prince21. Do Active Programs Work? A Review of Canadian Welfare-to-Work Experiments Kelly FoleyConclusion: A Brief Survey of Welfare Reform in the Canadian Provinces Daniel Béland and Pierre-Marc Daigneault Postface: From Welfare Reform-to Welfare Reformulation Sherri Torjman and Ken Battle Index