Florin Curta is a professor in the Department of History at the University of Florida.

• List of FiguresIntroduction1. From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle AgesProcopius on the SlavsTheophylact Simocatta on the Origin of the AvarsAvars and Slavs and AvarsSlavs, Avars, and FranksThe Sermesians and Thessalonica Theophanes on the Bulgar MigrationEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Migration of the Croats2. Early Polities and ConversionNotker on the AvarsThe Annals of Fulda on MoraviaThe Conversion of the Carantanians St. Cyril, Old Church Slavonic, and the Creation of the Glagolitic Alphabet King Joseph on the Conversion of the Khazars to JudaismThe Conversion of the Bulghars to IslamPope Nicholas I Answers the Questions of the Bulgarians3. Medieval NomadsIbn Rusta on the MagyarsIbn Fadlan on the OghuzJohn Scylitzes on the PechenegsRobert de Clari on the Cumans4. The Iron CenturyWulfstan Travels to TrusoGeorge the Bulgarian and the Magyars John the Exarch on Symeon the GreatA Hermit Meets an EmperorScylitzes Continuatus on the Bulgarian-Byzantine WarEchoes of the Bulgarian-Byzantine War in France and in Syria Varangians in Rus’ (Russian Primary Chronicle)Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Rus’A Trade Agreement between Rus’ and Byzantium5. The Balkans between the Ninth and the Twelfth CenturyThe Resettlement of the PeloponneseThe Thirty-Year PeaceThe Story of DanelisEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on Bulgarian-Serbian ConflictsSt. Luke the Younger and Bulgarian Attacks on GreeceKekaumenos on the VlachsKing Peter Krešimir IV Donates an IslandTheophylact of Ohrid on Recruitment Shortages in the BalkansThe Battle of DyrrachiumCadaster of ThebesArchdeacon Thomas on Archbishop Rainer of Split 6. New PowersThe Magyars Conquer HungaryThe Origin of the Přemyslid DynastyThe Origin of the Piast DynastyDagome iudexThe Assassination of Duke Wenceslas The Gniezno SummitA King’s Mirror: The AdmonitionsThietmar of Merseburg on Bolesław ChrobryThe Decrees of BřetislavThe Collapse of the Piast StateSimon of Kéza on the Pagan RevoltAbu Hamid on Hungary Vincent of Prague on King Vladislav IIThe Golden Bull of 12227. Economy and SocietyThe Diet of RižanaJohn Kaminiates on Thessaloniki before the Sack of 904Slaves for the Benedictine Abbey of St. Peter in the VillageThe Typikon of Isaac Comnenus for the Monastery near BeraThe "Statutes" of Conrad Otto IITreaty between Riga, Gotland, and SmolenskCharter of John Asen II for RagusaThe Henryków Book on Feudalism8. Faith, Religion, HeresyThe Invention of the Relics of St. Clement The Bogomils The Martyrdom of St. Ludmila Instruction on Liturgical PracticesThe Martyrdom of St. AdalbertThe Many Lives of St. StephenDemons, Wine, and Relics for a Church in SpartaRule of the Lavra Monastery on Mount AthosA Hermit’s Portrait: St. Andrew-ZoerardThe Passion of the Holy Martyrs Boris and GlebTypikon of the Monastery of BachkovoJews in East Central Europe Razumnik, a Study GuideSocial Problems in the Questions of KirikThe Assassination of Bishop Stanisław of CracowStephen Nemanja Establishes the Hilandar Monastery St. Sava’s Second Trip to the Holy Land The Synod of 1211 Condemns the Bogomils 9. CrusadesThe Army of the First Crusade in HungaryBernard of Clairvaux Calls the Czechs to Take the CrossHungary at the Time of the Second CrusadeThe Crusade against LettgalliansThe Army of Frederick Barbarossa Crosses the BalkansThe Sword BrothersThe Conquest of ZaraThe Crusade of King Andrew The Teutonic Knights in TransylvaniaThe Conquest of Prussia and St. BarbaraPope Gregory IX Calls for a Crusade against John Asen II10. LawFirst Law Code in Eastern EuropeChurch and Secular Law in the Statute of YaroslavThe Laws of ColomanRuskaia PravdaLaw Code of VinodolMaking a Will11. Literacy and Literature Khrabr defends the Slavonic LettersSt. Clement of Ohrid on St. CyrilBirchbark LettersSermon on Law and GraceOn the Lame and the BlindRussian Primary Chronicle on the Origins of the SlavsQueen Vanda of the Poles The Hungarian-Polish Chronicle on a Meeting of Rulers12. The New Powers in the Thirteenth CenturyBenjamin of Tudela on the Vlachs The Vlach Rebels in BulgariaStephen Nemanja Submits to Emperor Manuel I St. Sava on Stephen Nemanja’s AbdicationJohannitsa Kaloyan Writes to Pope Innocent IIIRobert de Clari on the Battle of AdrianopleHenri of Valenciennes on Alexius SlavJohn Asen II Boasts of His Victory at KlokotnicaSerbs Defeat the Byzantines, a Serb on the Bulgarian Throne13. Mongol Conquests and Pax MongolicaThe Quriltai of 1235 Mongols in Northeastern Rus’ The Battle of MuhiThe Mongol Sack of OradeaThe Camp of Batu Khan on the VolgaKiev after the Mongol InvasionSourcesIndex of Topics

Florin Curta is a professor in the Department of History at the University of Florida.

• List of FiguresIntroduction1. From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle AgesProcopius on the SlavsTheophylact Simocatta on the Origin of the AvarsAvars and Slavs and AvarsSlavs, Avars, and FranksThe Sermesians and Thessalonica Theophanes on the Bulgar MigrationEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Migration of the Croats2. Early Polities and ConversionNotker on the AvarsThe Annals of Fulda on MoraviaThe Conversion of the Carantanians St. Cyril, Old Church Slavonic, and the Creation of the Glagolitic Alphabet King Joseph on the Conversion of the Khazars to JudaismThe Conversion of the Bulghars to IslamPope Nicholas I Answers the Questions of the Bulgarians3. Medieval NomadsIbn Rusta on the MagyarsIbn Fadlan on the OghuzJohn Scylitzes on the PechenegsRobert de Clari on the Cumans4. The Iron CenturyWulfstan Travels to TrusoGeorge the Bulgarian and the Magyars John the Exarch on Symeon the GreatA Hermit Meets an EmperorScylitzes Continuatus on the Bulgarian-Byzantine WarEchoes of the Bulgarian-Byzantine War in France and in Syria Varangians in Rus’ (Russian Primary Chronicle)Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Rus’A Trade Agreement between Rus’ and Byzantium5. The Balkans between the Ninth and the Twelfth CenturyThe Resettlement of the PeloponneseThe Thirty-Year PeaceThe Story of DanelisEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on Bulgarian-Serbian ConflictsSt. Luke the Younger and Bulgarian Attacks on GreeceKekaumenos on the VlachsKing Peter Krešimir IV Donates an IslandTheophylact of Ohrid on Recruitment Shortages in the BalkansThe Battle of DyrrachiumCadaster of ThebesArchdeacon Thomas on Archbishop Rainer of Split 6. New PowersThe Magyars Conquer HungaryThe Origin of the Přemyslid DynastyThe Origin of the Piast DynastyDagome iudexThe Assassination of Duke Wenceslas The Gniezno SummitA King’s Mirror: The AdmonitionsThietmar of Merseburg on Bolesław ChrobryThe Decrees of BřetislavThe Collapse of the Piast StateSimon of Kéza on the Pagan RevoltAbu Hamid on Hungary Vincent of Prague on King Vladislav IIThe Golden Bull of 12227. Economy and SocietyThe Diet of RižanaJohn Kaminiates on Thessaloniki before the Sack of 904Slaves for the Benedictine Abbey of St. Peter in the VillageThe Typikon of Isaac Comnenus for the Monastery near BeraThe "Statutes" of Conrad Otto IITreaty between Riga, Gotland, and SmolenskCharter of John Asen II for RagusaThe Henryków Book on Feudalism8. Faith, Religion, HeresyThe Invention of the Relics of St. Clement The Bogomils The Martyrdom of St. Ludmila Instruction on Liturgical PracticesThe Martyrdom of St. AdalbertThe Many Lives of St. StephenDemons, Wine, and Relics for a Church in SpartaRule of the Lavra Monastery on Mount AthosA Hermit’s Portrait: St. Andrew-ZoerardThe Passion of the Holy Martyrs Boris and GlebTypikon of the Monastery of BachkovoJews in East Central Europe Razumnik, a Study GuideSocial Problems in the Questions of KirikThe Assassination of Bishop Stanisław of CracowStephen Nemanja Establishes the Hilandar Monastery St. Sava’s Second Trip to the Holy Land The Synod of 1211 Condemns the Bogomils 9. CrusadesThe Army of the First Crusade in HungaryBernard of Clairvaux Calls the Czechs to Take the CrossHungary at the Time of the Second CrusadeThe Crusade against LettgalliansThe Army of Frederick Barbarossa Crosses the BalkansThe Sword BrothersThe Conquest of ZaraThe Crusade of King Andrew The Teutonic Knights in TransylvaniaThe Conquest of Prussia and St. BarbaraPope Gregory IX Calls for a Crusade against John Asen II10. LawFirst Law Code in Eastern EuropeChurch and Secular Law in the Statute of YaroslavThe Laws of ColomanRuskaia PravdaLaw Code of VinodolMaking a Will11. Literacy and Literature Khrabr defends the Slavonic LettersSt. Clement of Ohrid on St. CyrilBirchbark LettersSermon on Law and GraceOn the Lame and the BlindRussian Primary Chronicle on the Origins of the SlavsQueen Vanda of the Poles The Hungarian-Polish Chronicle on a Meeting of Rulers12. The New Powers in the Thirteenth CenturyBenjamin of Tudela on the Vlachs The Vlach Rebels in BulgariaStephen Nemanja Submits to Emperor Manuel I St. Sava on Stephen Nemanja’s AbdicationJohannitsa Kaloyan Writes to Pope Innocent IIIRobert de Clari on the Battle of AdrianopleHenri of Valenciennes on Alexius SlavJohn Asen II Boasts of His Victory at KlokotnicaSerbs Defeat the Byzantines, a Serb on the Bulgarian Throne13. Mongol Conquests and Pax MongolicaThe Quriltai of 1235 Mongols in Northeastern Rus’ The Battle of MuhiThe Mongol Sack of OradeaThe Camp of Batu Khan on the VolgaKiev after the Mongol InvasionSourcesIndex of Topics

Florin Curta is a professor in the Department of History at the University of Florida.

• List of FiguresIntroduction1. From Late Antiquity to the Early Middle AgesProcopius on the SlavsTheophylact Simocatta on the Origin of the AvarsAvars and Slavs and AvarsSlavs, Avars, and FranksThe Sermesians and Thessalonica Theophanes on the Bulgar MigrationEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Migration of the Croats2. Early Polities and ConversionNotker on the AvarsThe Annals of Fulda on MoraviaThe Conversion of the Carantanians St. Cyril, Old Church Slavonic, and the Creation of the Glagolitic Alphabet King Joseph on the Conversion of the Khazars to JudaismThe Conversion of the Bulghars to IslamPope Nicholas I Answers the Questions of the Bulgarians3. Medieval NomadsIbn Rusta on the MagyarsIbn Fadlan on the OghuzJohn Scylitzes on the PechenegsRobert de Clari on the Cumans4. The Iron CenturyWulfstan Travels to TrusoGeorge the Bulgarian and the Magyars John the Exarch on Symeon the GreatA Hermit Meets an EmperorScylitzes Continuatus on the Bulgarian-Byzantine WarEchoes of the Bulgarian-Byzantine War in France and in Syria Varangians in Rus’ (Russian Primary Chronicle)Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on the Rus’A Trade Agreement between Rus’ and Byzantium5. The Balkans between the Ninth and the Twelfth CenturyThe Resettlement of the PeloponneseThe Thirty-Year PeaceThe Story of DanelisEmperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus on Bulgarian-Serbian ConflictsSt. Luke the Younger and Bulgarian Attacks on GreeceKekaumenos on the VlachsKing Peter Krešimir IV Donates an IslandTheophylact of Ohrid on Recruitment Shortages in the BalkansThe Battle of DyrrachiumCadaster of ThebesArchdeacon Thomas on Archbishop Rainer of Split 6. New PowersThe Magyars Conquer HungaryThe Origin of the Přemyslid DynastyThe Origin of the Piast DynastyDagome iudexThe Assassination of Duke Wenceslas The Gniezno SummitA King’s Mirror: The AdmonitionsThietmar of Merseburg on Bolesław ChrobryThe Decrees of BřetislavThe Collapse of the Piast StateSimon of Kéza on the Pagan RevoltAbu Hamid on Hungary Vincent of Prague on King Vladislav IIThe Golden Bull of 12227. Economy and SocietyThe Diet of RižanaJohn Kaminiates on Thessaloniki before the Sack of 904Slaves for the Benedictine Abbey of St. Peter in the VillageThe Typikon of Isaac Comnenus for the Monastery near BeraThe "Statutes" of Conrad Otto IITreaty between Riga, Gotland, and SmolenskCharter of John Asen II for RagusaThe Henryków Book on Feudalism8. Faith, Religion, HeresyThe Invention of the Relics of St. Clement The Bogomils The Martyrdom of St. Ludmila Instruction on Liturgical PracticesThe Martyrdom of St. AdalbertThe Many Lives of St. StephenDemons, Wine, and Relics for a Church in SpartaRule of the Lavra Monastery on Mount AthosA Hermit’s Portrait: St. Andrew-ZoerardThe Passion of the Holy Martyrs Boris and GlebTypikon of the Monastery of BachkovoJews in East Central Europe Razumnik, a Study GuideSocial Problems in the Questions of KirikThe Assassination of Bishop Stanisław of CracowStephen Nemanja Establishes the Hilandar Monastery St. Sava’s Second Trip to the Holy Land The Synod of 1211 Condemns the Bogomils 9. CrusadesThe Army of the First Crusade in HungaryBernard of Clairvaux Calls the Czechs to Take the CrossHungary at the Time of the Second CrusadeThe Crusade against LettgalliansThe Army of Frederick Barbarossa Crosses the BalkansThe Sword BrothersThe Conquest of ZaraThe Crusade of King Andrew The Teutonic Knights in TransylvaniaThe Conquest of Prussia and St. BarbaraPope Gregory IX Calls for a Crusade against John Asen II10. LawFirst Law Code in Eastern EuropeChurch and Secular Law in the Statute of YaroslavThe Laws of ColomanRuskaia PravdaLaw Code of VinodolMaking a Will11. Literacy and Literature Khrabr defends the Slavonic LettersSt. Clement of Ohrid on St. CyrilBirchbark LettersSermon on Law and GraceOn the Lame and the BlindRussian Primary Chronicle on the Origins of the SlavsQueen Vanda of the Poles The Hungarian-Polish Chronicle on a Meeting of Rulers12. The New Powers in the Thirteenth CenturyBenjamin of Tudela on the Vlachs The Vlach Rebels in BulgariaStephen Nemanja Submits to Emperor Manuel I St. Sava on Stephen Nemanja’s AbdicationJohannitsa Kaloyan Writes to Pope Innocent IIIRobert de Clari on the Battle of AdrianopleHenri of Valenciennes on Alexius SlavJohn Asen II Boasts of His Victory at KlokotnicaSerbs Defeat the Byzantines, a Serb on the Bulgarian Throne13. Mongol Conquests and Pax MongolicaThe Quriltai of 1235 Mongols in Northeastern Rus’ The Battle of MuhiThe Mongol Sack of OradeaThe Camp of Batu Khan on the VolgaKiev after the Mongol InvasionSourcesIndex of Topics