Edited by John J. Donohue III, C. Wendell and Edith M. Carlsmith Professor of Law, Stanford Law School, US

‘This collection assembles many of the most important law and economics articles on discrimination. Together, these articles show the progress that has been made in the last twenty years in using empirical evidence and field experiments to assess the nature and extent of discrimination in different areas, such as labor markets, credit markets, education and criminal justice.’

• Contents:AcknowledgementsIntroductionJohn J. DonohuePART IGENERAL1. Gary Becker (1971), ‘The Forces Determining Discrimination in the Market Place’ and ‘Employer Discrimination’2. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2008), ‘Prejudice and Wages: An Empirical Assessment of Becker’s The Economics of Discrimination’3. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2011), ‘Studying Discrimination: Fundamental Challenges and Recent Progress’4. James J. Heckman (1998), ‘Detecting Discrimination’5. Kenneth J. Arrow (1998), ‘What Has Economics to Say About Racial Discrimination?’PART IIEMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION A Racial Discrimination6. John J. Donohue III and James Heckman (1991), ‘Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks’7. Derek A. Neal and William R. Johnson (1996), ‘The Role of Premarket Factors in Black-White Wage Differences’8. Dan Black, Amelia Haviland, Seth Sanders and Lowell Taylor (2006), ‘Why Do Minority Men Earn Less? A Study of Wage Differentials among the Highly Educated’9. Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan (2004), ‘Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination’B Sex Discrimination10. Richard A. Posner (1989), ‘An Economic Analysis of Sex Discrimination Laws’11. John J. Donohue III (1989), ‘Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in the Workplace: An Economic Perspective’12. Claudia Goldin and Cecilia Rouse (2000), ‘Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of “Blind” Auditions on Female Musicians’13. Uri Gneezy, Muriel Niederle and Aldo Rustichini (2003), ‘Performance in Competitive Environments: Gender Differences’14. Kimberly Bayard, Judith Hellerstein, David Neumark and Kenneth Troske (2003), ‘New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wages from Matched Employee-Employer Data’C Sexual Orientation15. Heather Antecol, Anneke Jong and Michael D. Steinberger (2008), ‘The Sexual Orientation Wage Gap: The Role of Occupational Sorting and Human Capital’16. Doris Weichselbaumer (2003), ‘Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Hiring’D Statistical Discrimination17. David H. Autor and David Scarborough (2008), ‘Does Job Testing Harm Minority Workers? Evidence from Retail Establishments’PART IIIDISCRIMINATION IN VARIOUS CONSUMER MARKETS18. Alicia H. Munnell, Geoffrey M.B. Tootell, Lynn E. Browne and James McEneaney (1996), ‘Mortgage Lending in Boston: Interpreting HMDA Data’19. John Yinger (1998), ‘Evidence on Discrimination in Consumer Markets’20. Andrew Hanson and Zackary Hawley (2011), ‘Do Landlords Discriminate in the Rental Housing Market? Evidence from an Internet Field Experiment in US Cities’21. Ian Ayres and Peter Siegelman (1995), ‘Race and Gender Discrimination in Bargaining for a New Car’22. John A. List (2004), ‘The Nature and Extent of Discrimination in the Marketplace: Evidence from the Field’PART IVDISCRIMINATION IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING AND POLICING 23. Darrell Steffensmeier, Jeffery Ulmer and John Kramer (1998), ‘The Interaction of Race, Gender, and Age in Criminal Sentencing: The Punishment Cost of being Young, Black, and Male’24. Shawn D. Bushway and Anne Morrison Piehl (2001), ‘Judging Judicial Discretion: Legal Factors and Racial Discrimination in Sentencing’25. David B. Mustard (2001), ‘Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in Sentencing: Evidence from the U.S. Federal Courts’26. Raymond Paternoster, Robert Brame, Sarah Bacon and Andrew Ditchfield (2004), ‘Justice by Geography and Race: The Administration of the Death Penalty in Maryland, 1978–1999’ 27. Nicola Persico (2009), ‘Racial Profiling? Detecting Bias Using Statistical Evidence’PART VEDUCATIONAL DISCRIMINATION 28. Jonathan Guryan (2004), ‘Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates’29. Rema N. Hanna and Leigh L. Linden (2012), ‘Discrimination in Grading’30. Roland G. Fryer, Jr. and Steven D. Levitt (2004), ‘Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School’PART VIMEDICAL/HEALTH CARE DISCRIMINATION31. Ana I. Balsa and Thomas G. McGuire (2001), ‘Statistical Discrimination in Health Care’32. Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Jonathan Skinner (2005), ‘Geographic Variation in Health Care and the Problem of Measuring Racial Disparities’

Edited by John J. Donohue III, C. Wendell and Edith M. Carlsmith Professor of Law, Stanford Law School, US

‘This collection assembles many of the most important law and economics articles on discrimination. Together, these articles show the progress that has been made in the last twenty years in using empirical evidence and field experiments to assess the nature and extent of discrimination in different areas, such as labor markets, credit markets, education and criminal justice.’

• Contents:AcknowledgementsIntroductionJohn J. DonohuePART IGENERAL1. Gary Becker (1971), ‘The Forces Determining Discrimination in the Market Place’ and ‘Employer Discrimination’2. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2008), ‘Prejudice and Wages: An Empirical Assessment of Becker’s The Economics of Discrimination’3. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2011), ‘Studying Discrimination: Fundamental Challenges and Recent Progress’4. James J. Heckman (1998), ‘Detecting Discrimination’5. Kenneth J. Arrow (1998), ‘What Has Economics to Say About Racial Discrimination?’PART IIEMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION A Racial Discrimination6. John J. Donohue III and James Heckman (1991), ‘Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks’7. Derek A. Neal and William R. Johnson (1996), ‘The Role of Premarket Factors in Black-White Wage Differences’8. Dan Black, Amelia Haviland, Seth Sanders and Lowell Taylor (2006), ‘Why Do Minority Men Earn Less? A Study of Wage Differentials among the Highly Educated’9. Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan (2004), ‘Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination’B Sex Discrimination10. Richard A. Posner (1989), ‘An Economic Analysis of Sex Discrimination Laws’11. John J. Donohue III (1989), ‘Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in the Workplace: An Economic Perspective’12. Claudia Goldin and Cecilia Rouse (2000), ‘Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of “Blind” Auditions on Female Musicians’13. Uri Gneezy, Muriel Niederle and Aldo Rustichini (2003), ‘Performance in Competitive Environments: Gender Differences’14. Kimberly Bayard, Judith Hellerstein, David Neumark and Kenneth Troske (2003), ‘New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wages from Matched Employee-Employer Data’C Sexual Orientation15. Heather Antecol, Anneke Jong and Michael D. Steinberger (2008), ‘The Sexual Orientation Wage Gap: The Role of Occupational Sorting and Human Capital’16. Doris Weichselbaumer (2003), ‘Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Hiring’D Statistical Discrimination17. David H. Autor and David Scarborough (2008), ‘Does Job Testing Harm Minority Workers? Evidence from Retail Establishments’PART IIIDISCRIMINATION IN VARIOUS CONSUMER MARKETS18. Alicia H. Munnell, Geoffrey M.B. Tootell, Lynn E. Browne and James McEneaney (1996), ‘Mortgage Lending in Boston: Interpreting HMDA Data’19. John Yinger (1998), ‘Evidence on Discrimination in Consumer Markets’20. Andrew Hanson and Zackary Hawley (2011), ‘Do Landlords Discriminate in the Rental Housing Market? Evidence from an Internet Field Experiment in US Cities’21. Ian Ayres and Peter Siegelman (1995), ‘Race and Gender Discrimination in Bargaining for a New Car’22. John A. List (2004), ‘The Nature and Extent of Discrimination in the Marketplace: Evidence from the Field’PART IVDISCRIMINATION IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING AND POLICING 23. Darrell Steffensmeier, Jeffery Ulmer and John Kramer (1998), ‘The Interaction of Race, Gender, and Age in Criminal Sentencing: The Punishment Cost of being Young, Black, and Male’24. Shawn D. Bushway and Anne Morrison Piehl (2001), ‘Judging Judicial Discretion: Legal Factors and Racial Discrimination in Sentencing’25. David B. Mustard (2001), ‘Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in Sentencing: Evidence from the U.S. Federal Courts’26. Raymond Paternoster, Robert Brame, Sarah Bacon and Andrew Ditchfield (2004), ‘Justice by Geography and Race: The Administration of the Death Penalty in Maryland, 1978–1999’ 27. Nicola Persico (2009), ‘Racial Profiling? Detecting Bias Using Statistical Evidence’PART VEDUCATIONAL DISCRIMINATION 28. Jonathan Guryan (2004), ‘Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates’29. Rema N. Hanna and Leigh L. Linden (2012), ‘Discrimination in Grading’30. Roland G. Fryer, Jr. and Steven D. Levitt (2004), ‘Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School’PART VIMEDICAL/HEALTH CARE DISCRIMINATION31. Ana I. Balsa and Thomas G. McGuire (2001), ‘Statistical Discrimination in Health Care’32. Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Jonathan Skinner (2005), ‘Geographic Variation in Health Care and the Problem of Measuring Racial Disparities’

Edited by John J. Donohue III, C. Wendell and Edith M. Carlsmith Professor of Law, Stanford Law School, US

‘This collection assembles many of the most important law and economics articles on discrimination. Together, these articles show the progress that has been made in the last twenty years in using empirical evidence and field experiments to assess the nature and extent of discrimination in different areas, such as labor markets, credit markets, education and criminal justice.’

• Contents:AcknowledgementsIntroductionJohn J. DonohuePART IGENERAL1. Gary Becker (1971), ‘The Forces Determining Discrimination in the Market Place’ and ‘Employer Discrimination’2. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2008), ‘Prejudice and Wages: An Empirical Assessment of Becker’s The Economics of Discrimination’3. Kerwin Kofi Charles and Jonathan Guryan (2011), ‘Studying Discrimination: Fundamental Challenges and Recent Progress’4. James J. Heckman (1998), ‘Detecting Discrimination’5. Kenneth J. Arrow (1998), ‘What Has Economics to Say About Racial Discrimination?’PART IIEMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION A Racial Discrimination6. John J. Donohue III and James Heckman (1991), ‘Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks’7. Derek A. Neal and William R. Johnson (1996), ‘The Role of Premarket Factors in Black-White Wage Differences’8. Dan Black, Amelia Haviland, Seth Sanders and Lowell Taylor (2006), ‘Why Do Minority Men Earn Less? A Study of Wage Differentials among the Highly Educated’9. Marianne Bertrand and Sendhil Mullainathan (2004), ‘Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination’B Sex Discrimination10. Richard A. Posner (1989), ‘An Economic Analysis of Sex Discrimination Laws’11. John J. Donohue III (1989), ‘Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in the Workplace: An Economic Perspective’12. Claudia Goldin and Cecilia Rouse (2000), ‘Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of “Blind” Auditions on Female Musicians’13. Uri Gneezy, Muriel Niederle and Aldo Rustichini (2003), ‘Performance in Competitive Environments: Gender Differences’14. Kimberly Bayard, Judith Hellerstein, David Neumark and Kenneth Troske (2003), ‘New Evidence on Sex Segregation and Sex Differences in Wages from Matched Employee-Employer Data’C Sexual Orientation15. Heather Antecol, Anneke Jong and Michael D. Steinberger (2008), ‘The Sexual Orientation Wage Gap: The Role of Occupational Sorting and Human Capital’16. Doris Weichselbaumer (2003), ‘Sexual Orientation Discrimination in Hiring’D Statistical Discrimination17. David H. Autor and David Scarborough (2008), ‘Does Job Testing Harm Minority Workers? Evidence from Retail Establishments’PART IIIDISCRIMINATION IN VARIOUS CONSUMER MARKETS18. Alicia H. Munnell, Geoffrey M.B. Tootell, Lynn E. Browne and James McEneaney (1996), ‘Mortgage Lending in Boston: Interpreting HMDA Data’19. John Yinger (1998), ‘Evidence on Discrimination in Consumer Markets’20. Andrew Hanson and Zackary Hawley (2011), ‘Do Landlords Discriminate in the Rental Housing Market? Evidence from an Internet Field Experiment in US Cities’21. Ian Ayres and Peter Siegelman (1995), ‘Race and Gender Discrimination in Bargaining for a New Car’22. John A. List (2004), ‘The Nature and Extent of Discrimination in the Marketplace: Evidence from the Field’PART IVDISCRIMINATION IN CRIMINAL SENTENCING AND POLICING 23. Darrell Steffensmeier, Jeffery Ulmer and John Kramer (1998), ‘The Interaction of Race, Gender, and Age in Criminal Sentencing: The Punishment Cost of being Young, Black, and Male’24. Shawn D. Bushway and Anne Morrison Piehl (2001), ‘Judging Judicial Discretion: Legal Factors and Racial Discrimination in Sentencing’25. David B. Mustard (2001), ‘Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in Sentencing: Evidence from the U.S. Federal Courts’26. Raymond Paternoster, Robert Brame, Sarah Bacon and Andrew Ditchfield (2004), ‘Justice by Geography and Race: The Administration of the Death Penalty in Maryland, 1978–1999’ 27. Nicola Persico (2009), ‘Racial Profiling? Detecting Bias Using Statistical Evidence’PART VEDUCATIONAL DISCRIMINATION 28. Jonathan Guryan (2004), ‘Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates’29. Rema N. Hanna and Leigh L. Linden (2012), ‘Discrimination in Grading’30. Roland G. Fryer, Jr. and Steven D. Levitt (2004), ‘Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School’PART VIMEDICAL/HEALTH CARE DISCRIMINATION31. Ana I. Balsa and Thomas G. McGuire (2001), ‘Statistical Discrimination in Health Care’32. Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Jonathan Skinner (2005), ‘Geographic Variation in Health Care and the Problem of Measuring Racial Disparities’