Edited by Alexander W. Wiseman, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USAEmily Anderson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

This unique volume is the only publication to systemically, reflectively, and annually review issues and perspectives in comparative and international education research. The field of comparative and international education is diverse in terms of both disciplinary, theoretical, methodological, and regional focus and has a history as a professional field of both searching for and being thwarted in attaining a separate and unique identity among the disciplines represented by those working in or with education in international and comparative contexts. Annual review provides an opportunity to reflect on the past, present and future directions of the field and to celebrate as well as constructively critique the field and its recent accomplishments. It is also an opportunity to reflect, celebrate, and critique those elements and conditions that contribute to the continuous development of research, theory, policy, practice, and evaluation of education both comparatively and internationally.

• PART I: INTRODUCTIONBuilding a Foundation for Reflecting On Comparative and International Education: a Synthesis of Published Comparative Education Research - Alexander W. Wiseman, Emily Anderson, Petrina Davidson and Calley Stevens TaylorMapping the Purposes of Comparative and International Education Research: A Comparative Study of Four Leading Journals - Stephanie A. SellPART II: Comparative Education Trends and Directions Reflecting on Gender and EducationResearch and Practice in the Field Of Comparative and International Education: Past, Present, and Future - Caroline ManionUnderstanding the Internationalization Of Education and Its Demand for A Business of Knowledge: Emerging Issues And Discussions In Canadian Comparative And International Education - Lynette ShultzFacilitating Cie’S Journey Up Into the Educational Trenches: a Discussion Essay - Karen L. BiraimahComparative Education in Egypt: Trends, Directions, and Aspirations - Ahmed Ismail HeggiMetaphorical Trajectories of Comparative and International Education Research in The Asia-Pacific - Brian D. DenmanCzech Comparative Education: Revitalization, Issues and Trends - Eliska WalterovaComparative Education in an Age of Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities in Contemporary Italy - Anselmo R. Paolone Comparative and International Education in Germany: a Discussion of Current Trends - Marcelo Parreira Do Amaral and Hans-Georg KotthoffPART III: CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS Reframing the Center: New Directions in Qualitative Methodology in International Comparative Education - Supriya Baily, Payal Shah and Meagan Call-CummingsDoing Mixed Methods Research in Comparative Education: Some Reflections on the Fit and a Survey of the Literature - Qiang Zha and Derrick TuPART IV: RESEARCH-TO-PRACTICEEducation for Youth at the Borderlands: Developing Comparative and International Education Between States - Allyson Krupar and Esther PrinsMeasuring Learning Outcomes in Kenya: Context and Perspectives - Laban P. Ayiro PART V: AREA STUDIES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTSTwo Worlds Apart in Botswana’s Education System: Lessons from the 2010 Examinations Crisis Agreement - Lathi Jotia and Keene BoikhutsoStem Learning Achievement Among Cambodian Middle School Students: An Examination of Gender and Psychosocial Factors - Sothy Eng and Whitney Szmodis PART VI: DIVERSIFICATION OF THE FIELDNational Postnational Transnational? Changing Conceptualizations of Citizenship in Comparative and International Education Research - Dobrochna Hildebrandt-Wypych

Edited by Alexander W. Wiseman, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USAEmily Anderson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

This unique volume is the only publication to systemically, reflectively, and annually review issues and perspectives in comparative and international education research. The field of comparative and international education is diverse in terms of both disciplinary, theoretical, methodological, and regional focus and has a history as a professional field of both searching for and being thwarted in attaining a separate and unique identity among the disciplines represented by those working in or with education in international and comparative contexts. Annual review provides an opportunity to reflect on the past, present and future directions of the field and to celebrate as well as constructively critique the field and its recent accomplishments. It is also an opportunity to reflect, celebrate, and critique those elements and conditions that contribute to the continuous development of research, theory, policy, practice, and evaluation of education both comparatively and internationally.

• PART I: INTRODUCTIONBuilding a Foundation for Reflecting On Comparative and International Education: a Synthesis of Published Comparative Education Research - Alexander W. Wiseman, Emily Anderson, Petrina Davidson and Calley Stevens TaylorMapping the Purposes of Comparative and International Education Research: A Comparative Study of Four Leading Journals - Stephanie A. SellPART II: Comparative Education Trends and Directions Reflecting on Gender and EducationResearch and Practice in the Field Of Comparative and International Education: Past, Present, and Future - Caroline ManionUnderstanding the Internationalization Of Education and Its Demand for A Business of Knowledge: Emerging Issues And Discussions In Canadian Comparative And International Education - Lynette ShultzFacilitating Cie’S Journey Up Into the Educational Trenches: a Discussion Essay - Karen L. BiraimahComparative Education in Egypt: Trends, Directions, and Aspirations - Ahmed Ismail HeggiMetaphorical Trajectories of Comparative and International Education Research in The Asia-Pacific - Brian D. DenmanCzech Comparative Education: Revitalization, Issues and Trends - Eliska WalterovaComparative Education in an Age of Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities in Contemporary Italy - Anselmo R. Paolone Comparative and International Education in Germany: a Discussion of Current Trends - Marcelo Parreira Do Amaral and Hans-Georg KotthoffPART III: CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS Reframing the Center: New Directions in Qualitative Methodology in International Comparative Education - Supriya Baily, Payal Shah and Meagan Call-CummingsDoing Mixed Methods Research in Comparative Education: Some Reflections on the Fit and a Survey of the Literature - Qiang Zha and Derrick TuPART IV: RESEARCH-TO-PRACTICEEducation for Youth at the Borderlands: Developing Comparative and International Education Between States - Allyson Krupar and Esther PrinsMeasuring Learning Outcomes in Kenya: Context and Perspectives - Laban P. Ayiro PART V: AREA STUDIES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTSTwo Worlds Apart in Botswana’s Education System: Lessons from the 2010 Examinations Crisis Agreement - Lathi Jotia and Keene BoikhutsoStem Learning Achievement Among Cambodian Middle School Students: An Examination of Gender and Psychosocial Factors - Sothy Eng and Whitney Szmodis PART VI: DIVERSIFICATION OF THE FIELDNational Postnational Transnational? Changing Conceptualizations of Citizenship in Comparative and International Education Research - Dobrochna Hildebrandt-Wypych

Edited by Alexander W. Wiseman, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USAEmily Anderson, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

This unique volume is the only publication to systemically, reflectively, and annually review issues and perspectives in comparative and international education research. The field of comparative and international education is diverse in terms of both disciplinary, theoretical, methodological, and regional focus and has a history as a professional field of both searching for and being thwarted in attaining a separate and unique identity among the disciplines represented by those working in or with education in international and comparative contexts. Annual review provides an opportunity to reflect on the past, present and future directions of the field and to celebrate as well as constructively critique the field and its recent accomplishments. It is also an opportunity to reflect, celebrate, and critique those elements and conditions that contribute to the continuous development of research, theory, policy, practice, and evaluation of education both comparatively and internationally.

• PART I: INTRODUCTIONBuilding a Foundation for Reflecting On Comparative and International Education: a Synthesis of Published Comparative Education Research - Alexander W. Wiseman, Emily Anderson, Petrina Davidson and Calley Stevens TaylorMapping the Purposes of Comparative and International Education Research: A Comparative Study of Four Leading Journals - Stephanie A. SellPART II: Comparative Education Trends and Directions Reflecting on Gender and EducationResearch and Practice in the Field Of Comparative and International Education: Past, Present, and Future - Caroline ManionUnderstanding the Internationalization Of Education and Its Demand for A Business of Knowledge: Emerging Issues And Discussions In Canadian Comparative And International Education - Lynette ShultzFacilitating Cie’S Journey Up Into the Educational Trenches: a Discussion Essay - Karen L. BiraimahComparative Education in Egypt: Trends, Directions, and Aspirations - Ahmed Ismail HeggiMetaphorical Trajectories of Comparative and International Education Research in The Asia-Pacific - Brian D. DenmanCzech Comparative Education: Revitalization, Issues and Trends - Eliska WalterovaComparative Education in an Age of Crisis: Challenges and Opportunities in Contemporary Italy - Anselmo R. Paolone Comparative and International Education in Germany: a Discussion of Current Trends - Marcelo Parreira Do Amaral and Hans-Georg KotthoffPART III: CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS Reframing the Center: New Directions in Qualitative Methodology in International Comparative Education - Supriya Baily, Payal Shah and Meagan Call-CummingsDoing Mixed Methods Research in Comparative Education: Some Reflections on the Fit and a Survey of the Literature - Qiang Zha and Derrick TuPART IV: RESEARCH-TO-PRACTICEEducation for Youth at the Borderlands: Developing Comparative and International Education Between States - Allyson Krupar and Esther PrinsMeasuring Learning Outcomes in Kenya: Context and Perspectives - Laban P. Ayiro PART V: AREA STUDIES AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTSTwo Worlds Apart in Botswana’s Education System: Lessons from the 2010 Examinations Crisis Agreement - Lathi Jotia and Keene BoikhutsoStem Learning Achievement Among Cambodian Middle School Students: An Examination of Gender and Psychosocial Factors - Sothy Eng and Whitney Szmodis PART VI: DIVERSIFICATION OF THE FIELDNational Postnational Transnational? Changing Conceptualizations of Citizenship in Comparative and International Education Research - Dobrochna Hildebrandt-Wypych