Edited by Alexander Orakhelashvili, Professor, School of Law, University of Birmingham, UK

Acclaim for the First Edition:

• Contents:Foreword to the First Edition viiiEditor’s Preface to the Second Edition xPART I THE ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OFINTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY1 The relevance of theory and history: the essence and origins ofinternational law 2Alexander Orakhelashvili2 Early-modern scholarship on international law 19Alain Wijffels3 Natural law and the law of nations 58Patrick Capps4 The origins of consensual positivism: Pufendorf, Wolff and Vattel 90Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The transformation of international law in the nineteenth century 108Amnon Lev6 Hans Kelsen’s place in international legal theory 139Jörg KammerhoferPART II THEMATIC ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY7 International human rights law theory 164Frédéric Mégret8 The philosophy of international criminal law 200Robert Cryer and Albert Nell9 International law, international politics and ideology 240Alexander OrakhelashviliPART III HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW10 Periodization and international law 281William E. Butler11 Origins, record and narratives: uses and abuses of international legal history 296Alexander Orakhelashvili12 Acculturation through the Middle Ages: the Islamic law of nations andits place in the history of international law 312Jean Allain13 The classical law of nations 326Randall Lesaffer14 The nineteenth-century life of international law 359Alexander Orakhelashvili15 International law between universality and regional fragmentation: thehistorical case of Russia 373Lauri Mälksoo16 International law in the twentieth century 394Carlo Focarelli17 International law in the early twenty-first century 444Tom Ruys and Anemoon SoeteIndex 474

Edited by Alexander Orakhelashvili, Professor, School of Law, University of Birmingham, UK

Acclaim for the First Edition:

• Contents:Foreword to the First Edition viiiEditor’s Preface to the Second Edition xPART I THE ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OFINTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY1 The relevance of theory and history: the essence and origins ofinternational law 2Alexander Orakhelashvili2 Early-modern scholarship on international law 19Alain Wijffels3 Natural law and the law of nations 58Patrick Capps4 The origins of consensual positivism: Pufendorf, Wolff and Vattel 90Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The transformation of international law in the nineteenth century 108Amnon Lev6 Hans Kelsen’s place in international legal theory 139Jörg KammerhoferPART II THEMATIC ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY7 International human rights law theory 164Frédéric Mégret8 The philosophy of international criminal law 200Robert Cryer and Albert Nell9 International law, international politics and ideology 240Alexander OrakhelashviliPART III HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW10 Periodization and international law 281William E. Butler11 Origins, record and narratives: uses and abuses of international legal history 296Alexander Orakhelashvili12 Acculturation through the Middle Ages: the Islamic law of nations andits place in the history of international law 312Jean Allain13 The classical law of nations 326Randall Lesaffer14 The nineteenth-century life of international law 359Alexander Orakhelashvili15 International law between universality and regional fragmentation: thehistorical case of Russia 373Lauri Mälksoo16 International law in the twentieth century 394Carlo Focarelli17 International law in the early twenty-first century 444Tom Ruys and Anemoon SoeteIndex 474

Edited by Alexander Orakhelashvili, Professor, School of Law, University of Birmingham, UK

Acclaim for the First Edition:

• Contents:Foreword to the First Edition viiiEditor’s Preface to the Second Edition xPART I THE ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OFINTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY1 The relevance of theory and history: the essence and origins ofinternational law 2Alexander Orakhelashvili2 Early-modern scholarship on international law 19Alain Wijffels3 Natural law and the law of nations 58Patrick Capps4 The origins of consensual positivism: Pufendorf, Wolff and Vattel 90Alexander Orakhelashvili5 The transformation of international law in the nineteenth century 108Amnon Lev6 Hans Kelsen’s place in international legal theory 139Jörg KammerhoferPART II THEMATIC ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY7 International human rights law theory 164Frédéric Mégret8 The philosophy of international criminal law 200Robert Cryer and Albert Nell9 International law, international politics and ideology 240Alexander OrakhelashviliPART III HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL LAW10 Periodization and international law 281William E. Butler11 Origins, record and narratives: uses and abuses of international legal history 296Alexander Orakhelashvili12 Acculturation through the Middle Ages: the Islamic law of nations andits place in the history of international law 312Jean Allain13 The classical law of nations 326Randall Lesaffer14 The nineteenth-century life of international law 359Alexander Orakhelashvili15 International law between universality and regional fragmentation: thehistorical case of Russia 373Lauri Mälksoo16 International law in the twentieth century 394Carlo Focarelli17 International law in the early twenty-first century 444Tom Ruys and Anemoon SoeteIndex 474