Marios C. Iacovides, Associate Professor in European Union, Law, Law Department, Uppsala University, Sweden

‘This thought-provoking work puts forwards a strong plea for a holistic “law and economics”-inspired comparative evaluation of WTO law and EU competition law. Based on an extensive analysis of case law and literature, the normative conclusions of this work are a must-read for everyone interested in WTO and EU law as well as those who wish to examine how its research results can be extrapolated to other fields, such as investment law, where similar issues are at play.’

• Contents: PART I PREMISE, METHOD, AND STRUCTURE 1. Complexity in international trade and WTO law’s legitimacy crisis PART II DEFINING THE RELEVANT MARKET AND ‘LIKENESS’ 2. Relevant market definition in EU competition law 3. Relevant market definition in WTO law 4. Relevant market in EU competition law and WTO law PART III PROVING INFRINGEMENTS: THEORIES OF HARM AND EFFECT 5. Theories of harm and the effects-based approach in EU competition law 6. Infringements in WTO law, theories of harm, and effects 7. Theories of harm and effects in EU competition law and WTO law PART IV QUANTIFYING HARM: REMEDIES AND SANCTIONS 8. Quantification of remedies and sanctions in EU competition law 9. Remedies and the quantification of harm in WTO law 10. EU competition law sanctions and remedies and WTO law countermeasures PART V NORMATIVE CONCLUSIONS AND CONCLUDING REMARKS 11. Normative conclusions and suggestions 12. Solving WTO law’s legitimacy crisis Index

Marios C. Iacovides, Associate Professor in European Union, Law, Law Department, Uppsala University, Sweden

‘This thought-provoking work puts forwards a strong plea for a holistic “law and economics”-inspired comparative evaluation of WTO law and EU competition law. Based on an extensive analysis of case law and literature, the normative conclusions of this work are a must-read for everyone interested in WTO and EU law as well as those who wish to examine how its research results can be extrapolated to other fields, such as investment law, where similar issues are at play.’

• Contents: PART I PREMISE, METHOD, AND STRUCTURE 1. Complexity in international trade and WTO law’s legitimacy crisis PART II DEFINING THE RELEVANT MARKET AND ‘LIKENESS’ 2. Relevant market definition in EU competition law 3. Relevant market definition in WTO law 4. Relevant market in EU competition law and WTO law PART III PROVING INFRINGEMENTS: THEORIES OF HARM AND EFFECT 5. Theories of harm and the effects-based approach in EU competition law 6. Infringements in WTO law, theories of harm, and effects 7. Theories of harm and effects in EU competition law and WTO law PART IV QUANTIFYING HARM: REMEDIES AND SANCTIONS 8. Quantification of remedies and sanctions in EU competition law 9. Remedies and the quantification of harm in WTO law 10. EU competition law sanctions and remedies and WTO law countermeasures PART V NORMATIVE CONCLUSIONS AND CONCLUDING REMARKS 11. Normative conclusions and suggestions 12. Solving WTO law’s legitimacy crisis Index

Marios C. Iacovides, Associate Professor in European Union, Law, Law Department, Uppsala University, Sweden

‘This thought-provoking work puts forwards a strong plea for a holistic “law and economics”-inspired comparative evaluation of WTO law and EU competition law. Based on an extensive analysis of case law and literature, the normative conclusions of this work are a must-read for everyone interested in WTO and EU law as well as those who wish to examine how its research results can be extrapolated to other fields, such as investment law, where similar issues are at play.’

• Contents: PART I PREMISE, METHOD, AND STRUCTURE 1. Complexity in international trade and WTO law’s legitimacy crisis PART II DEFINING THE RELEVANT MARKET AND ‘LIKENESS’ 2. Relevant market definition in EU competition law 3. Relevant market definition in WTO law 4. Relevant market in EU competition law and WTO law PART III PROVING INFRINGEMENTS: THEORIES OF HARM AND EFFECT 5. Theories of harm and the effects-based approach in EU competition law 6. Infringements in WTO law, theories of harm, and effects 7. Theories of harm and effects in EU competition law and WTO law PART IV QUANTIFYING HARM: REMEDIES AND SANCTIONS 8. Quantification of remedies and sanctions in EU competition law 9. Remedies and the quantification of harm in WTO law 10. EU competition law sanctions and remedies and WTO law countermeasures PART V NORMATIVE CONCLUSIONS AND CONCLUDING REMARKS 11. Normative conclusions and suggestions 12. Solving WTO law’s legitimacy crisis Index