Edited by Miguel Rivera-Santos, Professor of Strategy and International Business, Babson College and Carlos Rufín, Senior Lecturer in International Business, Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University, USA

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook of Research on Base of the Pyramid Entrepreneurship: premise and structure 1Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos RufínPART I UNDERSTANDING THE FIELD: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVES2 Entrepreneurship at the BoP: an interdisciplinary review 11Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín3 Institutional imperfections and heterogeneity in the base of the pyramid: implications for entrepreneurship and informality 44Oscar Barzuna-Hidalgo and Justin W. Webb4 Leveraging context to build theory about BOP entrepreneurship 61Patrick Shulist5 Bottom-up design of field research on subsistence entrepreneurship: Concretizing, Localizing and Socializing Research Methods 84Madhubalan ViswanathanPART II DELVING INTO THE SETTING: THE BOP CONTEXT FOR ENTREPRENEURS AND ITS VARIETIES6 Subsistence entrepreneurship: insights from our journey into subsistence marketplaces and marketplace literacy 96Madhubalan Viswanathan, Maria Jones and Steven Morse7 Space entrepreneurship at the BOP 107Aurélie Toivonen and Ignasi Martí-Lanuza 8 Towards new understandings: a literature review of refugee entrepreneurship in poverty contexts 136Maria Ivanova-Gongne, Stefan Lång and Malin Brännback9 Entrepreneurship in conflict zones: mapping the effects on peace and stability 163Jay Joseph and Harry J. Van Buren IIIPART III EMERGING ISSUES IN BOP ENTREPRENEURSHIP10 Scaling the commons: how to consolidate community-based enterprises at the base of the pyramid with co-creating public policies and partnering with public banks 178Camille Meyer11 BOP entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability 197Nishana Bhogal and Ralph Hamann12 Deficiency premiums at the base of the pyramid: a resource dependence perspective of business-to-business supply chains 212Raja Usman Khalid13 Entrepreneurship and extreme poverty: mysteries before puzzles 235Christopher Sutter and Garry D. Bruton14 Conclusion: the Handbook’s contributions and the future of research on BoP entrepreneurship 246Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín

Edited by Miguel Rivera-Santos, Professor of Strategy and International Business, Babson College and Carlos Rufín, Senior Lecturer in International Business, Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University, USA

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook of Research on Base of the Pyramid Entrepreneurship: premise and structure 1Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos RufínPART I UNDERSTANDING THE FIELD: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVES2 Entrepreneurship at the BoP: an interdisciplinary review 11Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín3 Institutional imperfections and heterogeneity in the base of the pyramid: implications for entrepreneurship and informality 44Oscar Barzuna-Hidalgo and Justin W. Webb4 Leveraging context to build theory about BOP entrepreneurship 61Patrick Shulist5 Bottom-up design of field research on subsistence entrepreneurship: Concretizing, Localizing and Socializing Research Methods 84Madhubalan ViswanathanPART II DELVING INTO THE SETTING: THE BOP CONTEXT FOR ENTREPRENEURS AND ITS VARIETIES6 Subsistence entrepreneurship: insights from our journey into subsistence marketplaces and marketplace literacy 96Madhubalan Viswanathan, Maria Jones and Steven Morse7 Space entrepreneurship at the BOP 107Aurélie Toivonen and Ignasi Martí-Lanuza 8 Towards new understandings: a literature review of refugee entrepreneurship in poverty contexts 136Maria Ivanova-Gongne, Stefan Lång and Malin Brännback9 Entrepreneurship in conflict zones: mapping the effects on peace and stability 163Jay Joseph and Harry J. Van Buren IIIPART III EMERGING ISSUES IN BOP ENTREPRENEURSHIP10 Scaling the commons: how to consolidate community-based enterprises at the base of the pyramid with co-creating public policies and partnering with public banks 178Camille Meyer11 BOP entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability 197Nishana Bhogal and Ralph Hamann12 Deficiency premiums at the base of the pyramid: a resource dependence perspective of business-to-business supply chains 212Raja Usman Khalid13 Entrepreneurship and extreme poverty: mysteries before puzzles 235Christopher Sutter and Garry D. Bruton14 Conclusion: the Handbook’s contributions and the future of research on BoP entrepreneurship 246Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín

Edited by Miguel Rivera-Santos, Professor of Strategy and International Business, Babson College and Carlos Rufín, Senior Lecturer in International Business, Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University, USA

• Contents1 Introduction to the Handbook of Research on Base of the Pyramid Entrepreneurship: premise and structure 1Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos RufínPART I UNDERSTANDING THE FIELD: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVES2 Entrepreneurship at the BoP: an interdisciplinary review 11Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín3 Institutional imperfections and heterogeneity in the base of the pyramid: implications for entrepreneurship and informality 44Oscar Barzuna-Hidalgo and Justin W. Webb4 Leveraging context to build theory about BOP entrepreneurship 61Patrick Shulist5 Bottom-up design of field research on subsistence entrepreneurship: Concretizing, Localizing and Socializing Research Methods 84Madhubalan ViswanathanPART II DELVING INTO THE SETTING: THE BOP CONTEXT FOR ENTREPRENEURS AND ITS VARIETIES6 Subsistence entrepreneurship: insights from our journey into subsistence marketplaces and marketplace literacy 96Madhubalan Viswanathan, Maria Jones and Steven Morse7 Space entrepreneurship at the BOP 107Aurélie Toivonen and Ignasi Martí-Lanuza 8 Towards new understandings: a literature review of refugee entrepreneurship in poverty contexts 136Maria Ivanova-Gongne, Stefan Lång and Malin Brännback9 Entrepreneurship in conflict zones: mapping the effects on peace and stability 163Jay Joseph and Harry J. Van Buren IIIPART III EMERGING ISSUES IN BOP ENTREPRENEURSHIP10 Scaling the commons: how to consolidate community-based enterprises at the base of the pyramid with co-creating public policies and partnering with public banks 178Camille Meyer11 BOP entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability 197Nishana Bhogal and Ralph Hamann12 Deficiency premiums at the base of the pyramid: a resource dependence perspective of business-to-business supply chains 212Raja Usman Khalid13 Entrepreneurship and extreme poverty: mysteries before puzzles 235Christopher Sutter and Garry D. Bruton14 Conclusion: the Handbook’s contributions and the future of research on BoP entrepreneurship 246Miguel Rivera-Santos and Carlos Rufín