Edited by Miroslava Scholten, Associate Professor of EU law enforcement, Utrecht Centre for Regulation and Enforcement in Europe (RENFORCE), Department of International and EU law, Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘The Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law is a must-read and standard reference for anyone studying how EU laws and policies are put in practice. This truly interdisciplinary, comprehensive collection of fine, in-depth scholarly contributions covers all relevant aspects of EU enforcement in many different sectors.’

• Contents:Foreword xiiAcknowledgements xivPART I ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A CONCEPTUALPOINT OF VIEW1 Introduction to Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law 2Miroslava Scholten and Leander Stähler2 Private enforcement of EU law 19Olha O Cherednychenko3 Administrative law enforcement of EU law 38Ton Duijkersloot and Rob Widdershoven4 Criminal law enforcement of EU law and the impact of Europeanization 56Frank Meyer and Dimitrios Tsilikis5 Enforcement concepts and strategies in the EU 76Jeroen van der Heijden and Olga Batura6 Challenges in EU law enforcement and the digital age 91Asya ZhelyazkovaPART II ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM AN INSTITUTIONALPERSPECTIVE7 European Commission 107Urszula Jaremba8 The Court of Justice of the European Union and national courts asenforcers of EU law 123Frans van Dijk and Kees Sterk9 National enforcers and European networks as engines for enforcementcooperation 139Eva Ruffing10 EU enforcement agencies 152Miroslava Scholten11 The choice of EU agencies or networks of national authorities:exploring the relevance of regulated industry characteristics 167Laurens van KreijPART III ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A SECTORAL PERSPECTIVE12 The Common Commercial Policy and customs union 186Thomas Verellen13 Public and private enforcement possibilities within the EU’s CommonForeign and Security Policy 199Graham Butler14 Economic and monetary union 215Ton van den Brink and Luca Collazzo15 European banking union 231Argyro Karagianni and Laura Wissink16 Anti-money laundering 246Christy Ann Petit17 A power to fine: establishing negligence and intent in infringements bycredit rating agencies and trade repositories 265Jonathan Foster18 The internal market 281Olivier Linden19 Labour law and social policy 298Frans Pennings20 Environmental law 315Florentin Blanc, Paola Coletti, Campbell Gemmell and Carola Bertone21 Food law 333Florentin Blanc and Luca Megale22 The enforcement of EU consumer law 349Christine Riefa and Mateusz Grochowski23 Energy law 364Julius Rumpf and Catherine Banet24 Enforcing common fisheries and agricultural policies 380Federica Cacciatore, Mariolina Eliantonio and Joseph A McMahon25 Competition law 397Maciej Bernatt and Laura Zoboli26 EU procurement and concessions law 414Roberto Caranta and V’tězslava Fričov‡27 State aid in the European Union 430Allard Knook28 Intellectual property law 444Peter Blok and Willemijn Kornelius29 Data protection 460Herwig Hofmann and Lisette Mustert30 Area of freedom, security and justice 475Stefano Montaldo31 The Common European Asylum System 491Salvatore Fabio Nicolosi32 Protection of the financial interests of the EU 508Michele Simonato and Andon Tashukov33 Challenges and successes of enforcement of EU law 524Miroslava ScholtenIndex

Edited by Miroslava Scholten, Associate Professor of EU law enforcement, Utrecht Centre for Regulation and Enforcement in Europe (RENFORCE), Department of International and EU law, Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘The Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law is a must-read and standard reference for anyone studying how EU laws and policies are put in practice. This truly interdisciplinary, comprehensive collection of fine, in-depth scholarly contributions covers all relevant aspects of EU enforcement in many different sectors.’

• Contents:Foreword xiiAcknowledgements xivPART I ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A CONCEPTUALPOINT OF VIEW1 Introduction to Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law 2Miroslava Scholten and Leander Stähler2 Private enforcement of EU law 19Olha O Cherednychenko3 Administrative law enforcement of EU law 38Ton Duijkersloot and Rob Widdershoven4 Criminal law enforcement of EU law and the impact of Europeanization 56Frank Meyer and Dimitrios Tsilikis5 Enforcement concepts and strategies in the EU 76Jeroen van der Heijden and Olga Batura6 Challenges in EU law enforcement and the digital age 91Asya ZhelyazkovaPART II ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM AN INSTITUTIONALPERSPECTIVE7 European Commission 107Urszula Jaremba8 The Court of Justice of the European Union and national courts asenforcers of EU law 123Frans van Dijk and Kees Sterk9 National enforcers and European networks as engines for enforcementcooperation 139Eva Ruffing10 EU enforcement agencies 152Miroslava Scholten11 The choice of EU agencies or networks of national authorities:exploring the relevance of regulated industry characteristics 167Laurens van KreijPART III ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A SECTORAL PERSPECTIVE12 The Common Commercial Policy and customs union 186Thomas Verellen13 Public and private enforcement possibilities within the EU’s CommonForeign and Security Policy 199Graham Butler14 Economic and monetary union 215Ton van den Brink and Luca Collazzo15 European banking union 231Argyro Karagianni and Laura Wissink16 Anti-money laundering 246Christy Ann Petit17 A power to fine: establishing negligence and intent in infringements bycredit rating agencies and trade repositories 265Jonathan Foster18 The internal market 281Olivier Linden19 Labour law and social policy 298Frans Pennings20 Environmental law 315Florentin Blanc, Paola Coletti, Campbell Gemmell and Carola Bertone21 Food law 333Florentin Blanc and Luca Megale22 The enforcement of EU consumer law 349Christine Riefa and Mateusz Grochowski23 Energy law 364Julius Rumpf and Catherine Banet24 Enforcing common fisheries and agricultural policies 380Federica Cacciatore, Mariolina Eliantonio and Joseph A McMahon25 Competition law 397Maciej Bernatt and Laura Zoboli26 EU procurement and concessions law 414Roberto Caranta and V’tězslava Fričov‡27 State aid in the European Union 430Allard Knook28 Intellectual property law 444Peter Blok and Willemijn Kornelius29 Data protection 460Herwig Hofmann and Lisette Mustert30 Area of freedom, security and justice 475Stefano Montaldo31 The Common European Asylum System 491Salvatore Fabio Nicolosi32 Protection of the financial interests of the EU 508Michele Simonato and Andon Tashukov33 Challenges and successes of enforcement of EU law 524Miroslava ScholtenIndex

Edited by Miroslava Scholten, Associate Professor of EU law enforcement, Utrecht Centre for Regulation and Enforcement in Europe (RENFORCE), Department of International and EU law, Faculty of Law, Economics and Governance, Utrecht University, the Netherlands

‘The Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law is a must-read and standard reference for anyone studying how EU laws and policies are put in practice. This truly interdisciplinary, comprehensive collection of fine, in-depth scholarly contributions covers all relevant aspects of EU enforcement in many different sectors.’

• Contents:Foreword xiiAcknowledgements xivPART I ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A CONCEPTUALPOINT OF VIEW1 Introduction to Research Handbook on the Enforcement of EU Law 2Miroslava Scholten and Leander Stähler2 Private enforcement of EU law 19Olha O Cherednychenko3 Administrative law enforcement of EU law 38Ton Duijkersloot and Rob Widdershoven4 Criminal law enforcement of EU law and the impact of Europeanization 56Frank Meyer and Dimitrios Tsilikis5 Enforcement concepts and strategies in the EU 76Jeroen van der Heijden and Olga Batura6 Challenges in EU law enforcement and the digital age 91Asya ZhelyazkovaPART II ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM AN INSTITUTIONALPERSPECTIVE7 European Commission 107Urszula Jaremba8 The Court of Justice of the European Union and national courts asenforcers of EU law 123Frans van Dijk and Kees Sterk9 National enforcers and European networks as engines for enforcementcooperation 139Eva Ruffing10 EU enforcement agencies 152Miroslava Scholten11 The choice of EU agencies or networks of national authorities:exploring the relevance of regulated industry characteristics 167Laurens van KreijPART III ENFORCEMENT OF EU LAW FROM A SECTORAL PERSPECTIVE12 The Common Commercial Policy and customs union 186Thomas Verellen13 Public and private enforcement possibilities within the EU’s CommonForeign and Security Policy 199Graham Butler14 Economic and monetary union 215Ton van den Brink and Luca Collazzo15 European banking union 231Argyro Karagianni and Laura Wissink16 Anti-money laundering 246Christy Ann Petit17 A power to fine: establishing negligence and intent in infringements bycredit rating agencies and trade repositories 265Jonathan Foster18 The internal market 281Olivier Linden19 Labour law and social policy 298Frans Pennings20 Environmental law 315Florentin Blanc, Paola Coletti, Campbell Gemmell and Carola Bertone21 Food law 333Florentin Blanc and Luca Megale22 The enforcement of EU consumer law 349Christine Riefa and Mateusz Grochowski23 Energy law 364Julius Rumpf and Catherine Banet24 Enforcing common fisheries and agricultural policies 380Federica Cacciatore, Mariolina Eliantonio and Joseph A McMahon25 Competition law 397Maciej Bernatt and Laura Zoboli26 EU procurement and concessions law 414Roberto Caranta and V’tězslava Fričov‡27 State aid in the European Union 430Allard Knook28 Intellectual property law 444Peter Blok and Willemijn Kornelius29 Data protection 460Herwig Hofmann and Lisette Mustert30 Area of freedom, security and justice 475Stefano Montaldo31 The Common European Asylum System 491Salvatore Fabio Nicolosi32 Protection of the financial interests of the EU 508Michele Simonato and Andon Tashukov33 Challenges and successes of enforcement of EU law 524Miroslava ScholtenIndex