D.F. Boesch, N.N. Rabalais, both of the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium Chauvin, Louisiana, USA

• Preface 1. An Assessment of the Long-Term Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities: Future Research Needs 2. Petroleum Industry Operations: Present and Future 3. Dominant Features and Processes of Continental Shelf Environments of the United States 4. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities Potentially Causing Long-Term Environmental Effects 5. Transport and Transformations: Water Column Processes 6. Transport and Transformation Processes Regarding Hydrocarbon and Metal Pollutants in Offshore Sedimentary Environments 7. Transport and Transformations of Petroleum: Biological Processes 8. Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: Assessments from Experimental Results 9. The Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Sea: Assessments from the Field and Microcosms 10. Biological Effects of Drilling Fluids, Drill Cuttings and Produced Waters 11. Offshore Oil Development and Seabirds: The Present Status of Knowledge and Long-Term Research Needs 12. Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles 13. Physical Alteration of Marine and Coastal Habitats Resulting from Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities 14. A Review of Study Designs for the Detection of Long-term Environmental Effects of Offshore Petroleum Activities

D.F. Boesch, N.N. Rabalais, both of the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium Chauvin, Louisiana, USA

• Preface 1. An Assessment of the Long-Term Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities: Future Research Needs 2. Petroleum Industry Operations: Present and Future 3. Dominant Features and Processes of Continental Shelf Environments of the United States 4. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities Potentially Causing Long-Term Environmental Effects 5. Transport and Transformations: Water Column Processes 6. Transport and Transformation Processes Regarding Hydrocarbon and Metal Pollutants in Offshore Sedimentary Environments 7. Transport and Transformations of Petroleum: Biological Processes 8. Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: Assessments from Experimental Results 9. The Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Sea: Assessments from the Field and Microcosms 10. Biological Effects of Drilling Fluids, Drill Cuttings and Produced Waters 11. Offshore Oil Development and Seabirds: The Present Status of Knowledge and Long-Term Research Needs 12. Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles 13. Physical Alteration of Marine and Coastal Habitats Resulting from Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities 14. A Review of Study Designs for the Detection of Long-term Environmental Effects of Offshore Petroleum Activities

D.F. Boesch, N.N. Rabalais, both of the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium Chauvin, Louisiana, USA

• Preface 1. An Assessment of the Long-Term Environmental Effects of U.S. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities: Future Research Needs 2. Petroleum Industry Operations: Present and Future 3. Dominant Features and Processes of Continental Shelf Environments of the United States 4. Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities Potentially Causing Long-Term Environmental Effects 5. Transport and Transformations: Water Column Processes 6. Transport and Transformation Processes Regarding Hydrocarbon and Metal Pollutants in Offshore Sedimentary Environments 7. Transport and Transformations of Petroleum: Biological Processes 8. Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons: Assessments from Experimental Results 9. The Biological Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Sea: Assessments from the Field and Microcosms 10. Biological Effects of Drilling Fluids, Drill Cuttings and Produced Waters 11. Offshore Oil Development and Seabirds: The Present Status of Knowledge and Long-Term Research Needs 12. Effects of Offshore Oil and Gas Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles 13. Physical Alteration of Marine and Coastal Habitats Resulting from Offshore Oil and Gas Development Activities 14. A Review of Study Designs for the Detection of Long-term Environmental Effects of Offshore Petroleum Activities