This volume reviews the theory and research on teacher agency to critique and substantiate the common claims in literature that teachers can and do act as change agents. Focusing on the interplay between teacher agency and its structural conditions, the book considers wider social and institutional contexts that shape educators’ practice. Its chapters consider the developmental aspects of teacher agency such as a sense of purpose and competence in inclusive practice, and their embeddedness in the policy and social contexts that create conditions for agency and reflection. Current research evidence is synthesized to highlight the critical factors such as relationships and community-building, as well as practical applications that support educators in cultivating these capacities. In doing so, the volume both affirms and scrutinizes prevailing assumptions about teacher agency. It offers empirically grounded insights, tools, and resources relevant to researchers, teacher educators, practitioners, and policy makers committed to empowering teachers as transformative professionals.