When water is used once and is no longer fit for human consumption or any other use, it is considered liquid waste. Proper disposal, treatment and reuse of wastewater wherever possible will help in combating diseases as well as meeting water scarcity. The selection and adoption of appropriate technologies plays a very important role in this whole exercise and has far-reaching implications on the success in achieving a circular water economy. The selection of technologies is even more important. New concepts are continuously being added to achieve a sustainable society, focusing on the new tool of circular economy. Various reuse options of waste; either water or solids (e.g., agricultural irrigation, industrial process recycling, resource recovery, biogas production etc.) as part of a circular economy, are being identified and tested. This book caters to the role of nature-based solutions in a circular water economy and includes chapters on how to tackle wastewater treatment with the help of sustainable bio-based technologies. This may include Bio-based technologies for the treatment of domestic/municipal/industrial/agro-industrial wastewater/sludges including but not limited to: Leach pit, Soak pit, Magic Pits, Kitchen Garden, and Community Soak pits etc.Waste Stabilization PondsDuck Weed Pond systemConstructed WetlandsSoil Bio TechnologyDEWATSReed bed SystemAnaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)Moving Bed Bio-Film Reactor (MBBR)Urine treatment technologiesThe book covers increased efficiency of treatment for example by using process modification, integration of technologies or selectively enriched biota. Investigation of pollutant removal processes/transformations, to better understand and optimize the design and improve the performance of these wastewater treatment systems are also included.
