This book is the second edition of the acclaimed work on Laura Maria Caterina Bassi (1711–1778), the first woman to earn a doctorate in science and hold a university chair in Europe. It traces her extraordinary journey as a physicist, academic, and pioneer who helped shift scientific thought from Cartesian to Newtonian principles. This new edition brings significant updates: corrected historical details, newly uncovered material on Bassi’s scientific contributions and correspondence, and a reorganized structure that offers deeper insight into her networks, her strategies for advancing in a male-dominated world, and her lasting influence on women in science. Readers find a richer, more accurate narrative that situates Bassi within the intellectual and social debates of her time while exploring the broader evolution of women’s roles in science and medicine.