Jon M. Shane is an Associate Professor in the Department of Law, Police Science, and Criminal Justice Administration. He retired from the Newark Police Department after 20 years at the rank of captain. Dr. Shane has published in leading criminal justice and policing, including Crime Science, Journal of Criminal Justice,Justice Quarterly, Policing: An International Journal of Strategies and Management,and Police Practice and Research. He is the author of What Every Chief Executive Should Know: Using Data to Measure Police Performance (2007, Looseleaf Law Publications) and Learning From Error: A Case Study in Organizational Accident Theory. Dr. Shane is a graduate of the 193rd session of the FBI National Academy and a graduate of the 25th session of the Senior Management Institute for Police (SMIP) held by the Police Executive Research Forum at Harvard’s John F.Kennedy School of Government. He also holds a certification in non-profit management from Rutgers Graduate School of Public Administration. Prior to coming to John Jay College, he was a lecturer at Rutgers University --Newark campus and at Fairleigh Dickinson University --Teaneck (NJ) campus, where he taught courses in policing and criminal justice. He is currently a senior research associate for the Police Foundation, Washington, D.C. and a subject matter expert for the Center for Problem Oriented Policing. Some of his most recent work (2013-2015) includes providing technical assistance to the Uruguay National Police on criminal investigations and solvability factors as they transition from an inquisitorial model of criminal justice to an adversarial model. His current research focus is police policy and practice issues and crime control through problem-oriented policing, situational crime prevention and environmental criminology. Professor Shane can be reached at jshane@jjay.cuny.edu or jmsnpd@gmail.com.

• Preface.- Foreword I Mary Nicol Bowman.- Foreword II Jennifer Bonjean.- Foreword III Karen L. Amendola.- Introduction.- Background and the Problems Surrounding Confidential Informants.- Literature Review.- Methodology.- Analysis and Findings.-Discussion.- Policy Implications.- Limitations.- Directions for Future Research.- Afterword James M. Doyle.

Jon M. Shane is an Associate Professor in the Department of Law, Police Science, and Criminal Justice Administration. He retired from the Newark Police Department after 20 years at the rank of captain. Dr. Shane has published in leading criminal justice and policing, including Crime Science, Journal of Criminal Justice,Justice Quarterly, Policing: An International Journal of Strategies and Management,and Police Practice and Research. He is the author of What Every Chief Executive Should Know: Using Data to Measure Police Performance (2007, Looseleaf Law Publications) and Learning From Error: A Case Study in Organizational Accident Theory. Dr. Shane is a graduate of the 193rd session of the FBI National Academy and a graduate of the 25th session of the Senior Management Institute for Police (SMIP) held by the Police Executive Research Forum at Harvard’s John F.Kennedy School of Government. He also holds a certification in non-profit management from Rutgers Graduate School of Public Administration. Prior to coming to John Jay College, he was a lecturer at Rutgers University --Newark campus and at Fairleigh Dickinson University --Teaneck (NJ) campus, where he taught courses in policing and criminal justice. He is currently a senior research associate for the Police Foundation, Washington, D.C. and a subject matter expert for the Center for Problem Oriented Policing. Some of his most recent work (2013-2015) includes providing technical assistance to the Uruguay National Police on criminal investigations and solvability factors as they transition from an inquisitorial model of criminal justice to an adversarial model. His current research focus is police policy and practice issues and crime control through problem-oriented policing, situational crime prevention and environmental criminology. Professor Shane can be reached at jshane@jjay.cuny.edu or jmsnpd@gmail.com.

• Preface.- Foreword I Mary Nicol Bowman.- Foreword II Jennifer Bonjean.- Foreword III Karen L. Amendola.- Introduction.- Background and the Problems Surrounding Confidential Informants.- Literature Review.- Methodology.- Analysis and Findings.-Discussion.- Policy Implications.- Limitations.- Directions for Future Research.- Afterword James M. Doyle.