Military sociology is conducted as empirical social research in various countries. This book provides a comparison of the structures, methods, and results of empirical military sociology and analyzes the impact of the national context on the respective research. This overview of current trends in international military sociology is an important step toward a more standardized and comprehensive analysis of military sociology and reveals the strengths and weaknesses as well as the similarities and differences of the respective national research. It assembles a large number of renowned authors from various countries and demonstrates the strong international links in military sociology that clearly go beyond joint participation in scientific conferences.