S.R. Goldstein-Sabbah is a Ph.D. candidate at Leiden University in the Netherlands. She is a member of the Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950) research project funded by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO). Her research interests focus on the history of Jews in the Arab World. Prior to her doctoral research she worked in academic publishing.Since June 2015, H.L. Murre-van den Berg (Ph.D. Leiden University, 1995) serves as the director of the Institute of Eastern Christian Studies at Radboud University, Nijmegen. Earlier, she taught history of World Christianity at Leiden University. She has published extensively on Christianity in the Middle East, especially on the Syriac/Assyrian traditions and the interactions between Western and Middle Eastern Christians in the period from 1500 onwards. The current volume results from a research project funded for by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO): Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950).

• AcknowledgementsPart 1: A Chronology of SpaceSearching for Common Ground: Jews and Christians in the Modern Middle East by H.L. Murre-van den Berg The Changing Landscape of Muslim-Jewish Relations in the Modern Middle East and North Africa by D. Schroeter Part 2: Arabic and Its AlternativesStandardized Arabic as a post-Nahḍa Common Ground: Mattai bar Paulus and his Use of Syriac, Arabic, and Garshuni by T. Barda Jewish Education in Baghdad: Communal Space vs. Public Space by S. Goldstein-Sabbah Preserving the Catholics of the Holy Land or Integrating Them into the Palestine Nation (1920–1950) By K. Sanchez SummererPart 3: Urban PresenceOttoman Damascus During the Tanzimat: The New Visibility of Religious Distinctions by A. Massot The King is Dead, Long Live the King! Jewish funerary performances in the Iraqi public space by A. SchlaepferJerusalem Between Segregation and Integration: Reading Urban Space through the Eyes of Justice Gad Frumkin by Y. Wallach Part 4: TransnationalismRefugee Camps and the Spatialization of Assyrian Nationalism in Iraq by L. Robson The League of Nations, A-Mandates and Minority Rights during the Mandate Period in Iraq (1920–1932) H. Müller-Sommerfeld “Soundtracks of Jerusalem”: YouTube, North African Rappers, and the Fantasies of Resistance by A. BoumIndexContributor Biographies

S.R. Goldstein-Sabbah is a Ph.D. candidate at Leiden University in the Netherlands. She is a member of the Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950) research project funded by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO). Her research interests focus on the history of Jews in the Arab World. Prior to her doctoral research she worked in academic publishing.Since June 2015, H.L. Murre-van den Berg (Ph.D. Leiden University, 1995) serves as the director of the Institute of Eastern Christian Studies at Radboud University, Nijmegen. Earlier, she taught history of World Christianity at Leiden University. She has published extensively on Christianity in the Middle East, especially on the Syriac/Assyrian traditions and the interactions between Western and Middle Eastern Christians in the period from 1500 onwards. The current volume results from a research project funded for by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO): Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950).

• AcknowledgementsPart 1: A Chronology of SpaceSearching for Common Ground: Jews and Christians in the Modern Middle East by H.L. Murre-van den Berg The Changing Landscape of Muslim-Jewish Relations in the Modern Middle East and North Africa by D. Schroeter Part 2: Arabic and Its AlternativesStandardized Arabic as a post-Nahḍa Common Ground: Mattai bar Paulus and his Use of Syriac, Arabic, and Garshuni by T. Barda Jewish Education in Baghdad: Communal Space vs. Public Space by S. Goldstein-Sabbah Preserving the Catholics of the Holy Land or Integrating Them into the Palestine Nation (1920–1950) By K. Sanchez SummererPart 3: Urban PresenceOttoman Damascus During the Tanzimat: The New Visibility of Religious Distinctions by A. Massot The King is Dead, Long Live the King! Jewish funerary performances in the Iraqi public space by A. SchlaepferJerusalem Between Segregation and Integration: Reading Urban Space through the Eyes of Justice Gad Frumkin by Y. Wallach Part 4: TransnationalismRefugee Camps and the Spatialization of Assyrian Nationalism in Iraq by L. Robson The League of Nations, A-Mandates and Minority Rights during the Mandate Period in Iraq (1920–1932) H. Müller-Sommerfeld “Soundtracks of Jerusalem”: YouTube, North African Rappers, and the Fantasies of Resistance by A. BoumIndexContributor Biographies

S.R. Goldstein-Sabbah is a Ph.D. candidate at Leiden University in the Netherlands. She is a member of the Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950) research project funded by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO). Her research interests focus on the history of Jews in the Arab World. Prior to her doctoral research she worked in academic publishing.Since June 2015, H.L. Murre-van den Berg (Ph.D. Leiden University, 1995) serves as the director of the Institute of Eastern Christian Studies at Radboud University, Nijmegen. Earlier, she taught history of World Christianity at Leiden University. She has published extensively on Christianity in the Middle East, especially on the Syriac/Assyrian traditions and the interactions between Western and Middle Eastern Christians in the period from 1500 onwards. The current volume results from a research project funded for by the Netherlands Research Council (NWO): Arabic and its Alternatives: Religious Minorities in the Formative Years of the Modern Middle East (1920-1950).

• AcknowledgementsPart 1: A Chronology of SpaceSearching for Common Ground: Jews and Christians in the Modern Middle East by H.L. Murre-van den Berg The Changing Landscape of Muslim-Jewish Relations in the Modern Middle East and North Africa by D. Schroeter Part 2: Arabic and Its AlternativesStandardized Arabic as a post-Nahḍa Common Ground: Mattai bar Paulus and his Use of Syriac, Arabic, and Garshuni by T. Barda Jewish Education in Baghdad: Communal Space vs. Public Space by S. Goldstein-Sabbah Preserving the Catholics of the Holy Land or Integrating Them into the Palestine Nation (1920–1950) By K. Sanchez SummererPart 3: Urban PresenceOttoman Damascus During the Tanzimat: The New Visibility of Religious Distinctions by A. Massot The King is Dead, Long Live the King! Jewish funerary performances in the Iraqi public space by A. SchlaepferJerusalem Between Segregation and Integration: Reading Urban Space through the Eyes of Justice Gad Frumkin by Y. Wallach Part 4: TransnationalismRefugee Camps and the Spatialization of Assyrian Nationalism in Iraq by L. Robson The League of Nations, A-Mandates and Minority Rights during the Mandate Period in Iraq (1920–1932) H. Müller-Sommerfeld “Soundtracks of Jerusalem”: YouTube, North African Rappers, and the Fantasies of Resistance by A. BoumIndexContributor Biographies