Tine Van Osselaer, Ph.D. (2009), KU Leuven, is research professor at the University of Antwerp. She has published on religious history, gender history and history of emotions, including The Pious sex. Catholic constructions of masculinity and femininity in Belgium, c. 1800-1950 (2013).Andrea Graus, Ph.D. (2015), Autonomous University of Barcelona, is Marie Curie fellow at the Centre Alexandre-Koyré (CNRS), and was postdoctoral researcher of the Stigmatics project (University of Antwerp). Her most recent publication is Ciencia y espiritismo en España (Comares, 2019). Leonardo Rossi, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. He has published articles on Italian stigmatics, popular devotion, and the Holy Office in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.Kristof Smeyers, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. Recent publications include "Making sense of stigmata: how Victorians understood the wounds of Christ", Journal of Victorian Culture (2019).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsAbbreviations1 StigmaticsTine Van Osselaer, Leonardo Rossi and Kristof Smeyers,in collaboration with Andrea Graus1 Introduction2 Tracing Stigmata3 The Invention of “Stigmatics”4 Building Blocks2 Saints and CelebritiesTine Van Osselaer1 Saints in the Spotlight2 The Scale of Fame: Transnational and Comparative Approach3 Religious Celebrities4 An Interactive Approach3 On Stigmata, Suffering and SanctityTine Van Osselaer1 Theodor Nolde’s Visit2 The “Spectacle” of the Holy Wounds3 The Meaning of Suffering4 The Effect of Suffering on the Visitors4 Visiting Stigmatics and Their Promotion from the Ground Up: The Devotees, the Unofficial Movements and the Episcopate in FranceAndrea Graus1 French Stigmatics and Visitors’ Expectations2 Inside the Fridays of Passion3 The Diocesan Response to the Visits4 The Visitors’ Unofficial Movements5 Conclusions5 Selling Sensation, Creating Sanctity: The Visual and Material Culture of “Stigmatics”Tine Van Osselaer1 In the Public Eye2 Commerce and Devotion3 Capturing Corporeal Mysticism4 Creativity after Death5 Conclusions6 Stigmatics, Politics and the Law: On Fake Stigmata and “Self-styled” Sanctity in Spain and FranceAndrea Graus1 Stigmatics and Political Symbolism2 Sor Patrocinio, Rosette Tamisier and the “Two Spains/Frances”3 The Law and the Public Debunking of Stigmatics4 Fake Stigmata and Self-styled Sanctity in the Anticlerical Press5 Conclusions7 Stigmatized Blood in the Vatican Courts: Religious Response and StrategyLeonardo Rossi1 Introduction: An Ambiguous Relationship2 The Vatican Perspective3 Examining Stigmatics4 Conclusions8 ConclusionTine Van Osselaer1 A Visible Type2 New Types and the Scale of Their Circulation3 Suggestions for Further ResearchBibliographyBiographical Dictionary of StigmaticsIndex of Names and Subjects

Tine Van Osselaer, Ph.D. (2009), KU Leuven, is research professor at the University of Antwerp. She has published on religious history, gender history and history of emotions, including The Pious sex. Catholic constructions of masculinity and femininity in Belgium, c. 1800-1950 (2013).Andrea Graus, Ph.D. (2015), Autonomous University of Barcelona, is Marie Curie fellow at the Centre Alexandre-Koyré (CNRS), and was postdoctoral researcher of the Stigmatics project (University of Antwerp). Her most recent publication is Ciencia y espiritismo en España (Comares, 2019). Leonardo Rossi, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. He has published articles on Italian stigmatics, popular devotion, and the Holy Office in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.Kristof Smeyers, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. Recent publications include "Making sense of stigmata: how Victorians understood the wounds of Christ", Journal of Victorian Culture (2019).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsAbbreviations1 StigmaticsTine Van Osselaer, Leonardo Rossi and Kristof Smeyers,in collaboration with Andrea Graus1 Introduction2 Tracing Stigmata3 The Invention of “Stigmatics”4 Building Blocks2 Saints and CelebritiesTine Van Osselaer1 Saints in the Spotlight2 The Scale of Fame: Transnational and Comparative Approach3 Religious Celebrities4 An Interactive Approach3 On Stigmata, Suffering and SanctityTine Van Osselaer1 Theodor Nolde’s Visit2 The “Spectacle” of the Holy Wounds3 The Meaning of Suffering4 The Effect of Suffering on the Visitors4 Visiting Stigmatics and Their Promotion from the Ground Up: The Devotees, the Unofficial Movements and the Episcopate in FranceAndrea Graus1 French Stigmatics and Visitors’ Expectations2 Inside the Fridays of Passion3 The Diocesan Response to the Visits4 The Visitors’ Unofficial Movements5 Conclusions5 Selling Sensation, Creating Sanctity: The Visual and Material Culture of “Stigmatics”Tine Van Osselaer1 In the Public Eye2 Commerce and Devotion3 Capturing Corporeal Mysticism4 Creativity after Death5 Conclusions6 Stigmatics, Politics and the Law: On Fake Stigmata and “Self-styled” Sanctity in Spain and FranceAndrea Graus1 Stigmatics and Political Symbolism2 Sor Patrocinio, Rosette Tamisier and the “Two Spains/Frances”3 The Law and the Public Debunking of Stigmatics4 Fake Stigmata and Self-styled Sanctity in the Anticlerical Press5 Conclusions7 Stigmatized Blood in the Vatican Courts: Religious Response and StrategyLeonardo Rossi1 Introduction: An Ambiguous Relationship2 The Vatican Perspective3 Examining Stigmatics4 Conclusions8 ConclusionTine Van Osselaer1 A Visible Type2 New Types and the Scale of Their Circulation3 Suggestions for Further ResearchBibliographyBiographical Dictionary of StigmaticsIndex of Names and Subjects

Tine Van Osselaer, Ph.D. (2009), KU Leuven, is research professor at the University of Antwerp. She has published on religious history, gender history and history of emotions, including The Pious sex. Catholic constructions of masculinity and femininity in Belgium, c. 1800-1950 (2013).Andrea Graus, Ph.D. (2015), Autonomous University of Barcelona, is Marie Curie fellow at the Centre Alexandre-Koyré (CNRS), and was postdoctoral researcher of the Stigmatics project (University of Antwerp). Her most recent publication is Ciencia y espiritismo en España (Comares, 2019). Leonardo Rossi, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. He has published articles on Italian stigmatics, popular devotion, and the Holy Office in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.Kristof Smeyers, University of Antwerp, is a Ph.D. student at that university's Ruusbroec Institute. Recent publications include "Making sense of stigmata: how Victorians understood the wounds of Christ", Journal of Victorian Culture (2019).

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsAbbreviations1 StigmaticsTine Van Osselaer, Leonardo Rossi and Kristof Smeyers,in collaboration with Andrea Graus1 Introduction2 Tracing Stigmata3 The Invention of “Stigmatics”4 Building Blocks2 Saints and CelebritiesTine Van Osselaer1 Saints in the Spotlight2 The Scale of Fame: Transnational and Comparative Approach3 Religious Celebrities4 An Interactive Approach3 On Stigmata, Suffering and SanctityTine Van Osselaer1 Theodor Nolde’s Visit2 The “Spectacle” of the Holy Wounds3 The Meaning of Suffering4 The Effect of Suffering on the Visitors4 Visiting Stigmatics and Their Promotion from the Ground Up: The Devotees, the Unofficial Movements and the Episcopate in FranceAndrea Graus1 French Stigmatics and Visitors’ Expectations2 Inside the Fridays of Passion3 The Diocesan Response to the Visits4 The Visitors’ Unofficial Movements5 Conclusions5 Selling Sensation, Creating Sanctity: The Visual and Material Culture of “Stigmatics”Tine Van Osselaer1 In the Public Eye2 Commerce and Devotion3 Capturing Corporeal Mysticism4 Creativity after Death5 Conclusions6 Stigmatics, Politics and the Law: On Fake Stigmata and “Self-styled” Sanctity in Spain and FranceAndrea Graus1 Stigmatics and Political Symbolism2 Sor Patrocinio, Rosette Tamisier and the “Two Spains/Frances”3 The Law and the Public Debunking of Stigmatics4 Fake Stigmata and Self-styled Sanctity in the Anticlerical Press5 Conclusions7 Stigmatized Blood in the Vatican Courts: Religious Response and StrategyLeonardo Rossi1 Introduction: An Ambiguous Relationship2 The Vatican Perspective3 Examining Stigmatics4 Conclusions8 ConclusionTine Van Osselaer1 A Visible Type2 New Types and the Scale of Their Circulation3 Suggestions for Further ResearchBibliographyBiographical Dictionary of StigmaticsIndex of Names and Subjects