Poor Quality Pharmaceuticals in Global Public Health

Satoru KIMURA is a counselor at the Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Regulatory Science Society of Japan, and has been engaged in publishing audio-visual materials about drug-induced social suffering. One of his works (co-author) is ‘Drug-Induced Suffering in Japan (Japanese-English).’ After graduating from the Biophysical Engineering, School of Engineering Science, Osaka University in 1972, he started his career in the food industry and then, was engaged in duties related to clinical studies and drug safety/pharmacovigilance in American and European affiliated pharmaceutical companies.  In March 2017, he completed the Doctor's Program in the International Cooperation Studies, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University. His Ph.D. thesis investigated, ‘Conflicts of Interest around the Quality of Medicines in the International Community.’ Since May 2018, he has been a board member at the WHO Association of Japan. Yasuhide NAKAMURA  is a Professor of School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Konan Women's University and Professor Emeritus of Osaka University.After graduating from The University of Tokyo, and working as a pediatrician at Tokyo Metropolitan Hospital, he started global health to encourage maternal and child health in Indonesia as a Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) expert (1986-88) and to promote the refugee health program in UNHCR Pakistan Office (1990-91). Dr. NAMAKURA was a Takemi Fellow (1996-97) in Harvard School of Public Health for international health and worked in the Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University (2000-2017). He is widely interested in conducting research through an interdisciplinary approach in the spirit of the fieldworker; international Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook Programs; humanitarian relief for refugees and victims by natural disasters, and health care systems in Japan.Dr. Nakamura is president of the Japan Association for International Health (JAIH), the representative of International Society of Volunteer Studies and president of the WHO Association of Japan. He got the 43th Medical Achievement Award (Iryo Kourou Sho) in 2015.

• Preface.- Global aspect of imitated products and poor quality pharmaceuticals.- Problem awareness among the WHO and other major international organizations.- Precedent academic works and media reports.- Bias or misleading by the WHO?.- Standardization and its advantages in globalization.- Global events associated with modern medicines.- WHO medicines policy in public health.- IMPACT and conflicts of international society.- Case study I: Access to medicines in Indonesia.- Case study II: Supply side of medicines in India.- Case study III: Health-care service market in Japan.- An interpretation and lessons to learn.