Minoru Tanaka has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan since 2016. His research interests include reproduction, especially the mechanisms of sex determination and gametogenesis. Makoto Tachibana has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Japan since 2018. His research interests include epigenetics, especially the epigenetic regulation of mammalian sex determination.

• Chapter 1. Spectrum of sex in a horn of the Japanese rhinoceros beetle.- Chapter 2. Sexual differentiation in dragonflies and damselflies.- Chapter 3. Dimorphic female-limited Batesian mimicry in two Papilio butterflies.- Chapter 4. Spectrum of sex chromosomes in mammals.- Chapter 5. The evolutionary aspects of the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY.- Chapter 6. Revisiting the role of steroid hormones in gonadal fate determination.- Chapter 7. Sex steroid regulation of male- and female-typical mating behaviors in teleost fish.- Chapter 8. Comparative Perspectives on the Function of Oxytocin in Fish and Mammals.- Chapter 9. Orchestration of the synthesis of sex hormones and their roles in establishing sex differences in mammals.- Chapter 10. The role of sex spectrum differences in reproductive strategies and the endocrine mechanisms underlying it.- Chapter 11. Symbiont-induced sexual and reproductive manipulation in insects.- Chapter 12. The mechanism for establishing the binarysex with environmental signals in the crustacean Daphnia magna.- Chapter 13. Starvation is a new component of sex reversal in medaka (Oryzias latipes)—significance of metabolism in sex regulation.

Minoru Tanaka has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan since 2016. His research interests include reproduction, especially the mechanisms of sex determination and gametogenesis. Makoto Tachibana has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Japan since 2018. His research interests include epigenetics, especially the epigenetic regulation of mammalian sex determination.

• Chapter 1. Spectrum of sex in a horn of the Japanese rhinoceros beetle.- Chapter 2. Sexual differentiation in dragonflies and damselflies.- Chapter 3. Dimorphic female-limited Batesian mimicry in two Papilio butterflies.- Chapter 4. Spectrum of sex chromosomes in mammals.- Chapter 5. The evolutionary aspects of the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY.- Chapter 6. Revisiting the role of steroid hormones in gonadal fate determination.- Chapter 7. Sex steroid regulation of male- and female-typical mating behaviors in teleost fish.- Chapter 8. Comparative Perspectives on the Function of Oxytocin in Fish and Mammals.- Chapter 9. Orchestration of the synthesis of sex hormones and their roles in establishing sex differences in mammals.- Chapter 10. The role of sex spectrum differences in reproductive strategies and the endocrine mechanisms underlying it.- Chapter 11. Symbiont-induced sexual and reproductive manipulation in insects.- Chapter 12. The mechanism for establishing the binarysex with environmental signals in the crustacean Daphnia magna.- Chapter 13. Starvation is a new component of sex reversal in medaka (Oryzias latipes)—significance of metabolism in sex regulation.

Minoru Tanaka has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Japan since 2016. His research interests include reproduction, especially the mechanisms of sex determination and gametogenesis. Makoto Tachibana has been a Professor at the Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Japan since 2018. His research interests include epigenetics, especially the epigenetic regulation of mammalian sex determination.

• Chapter 1. Spectrum of sex in a horn of the Japanese rhinoceros beetle.- Chapter 2. Sexual differentiation in dragonflies and damselflies.- Chapter 3. Dimorphic female-limited Batesian mimicry in two Papilio butterflies.- Chapter 4. Spectrum of sex chromosomes in mammals.- Chapter 5. The evolutionary aspects of the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY.- Chapter 6. Revisiting the role of steroid hormones in gonadal fate determination.- Chapter 7. Sex steroid regulation of male- and female-typical mating behaviors in teleost fish.- Chapter 8. Comparative Perspectives on the Function of Oxytocin in Fish and Mammals.- Chapter 9. Orchestration of the synthesis of sex hormones and their roles in establishing sex differences in mammals.- Chapter 10. The role of sex spectrum differences in reproductive strategies and the endocrine mechanisms underlying it.- Chapter 11. Symbiont-induced sexual and reproductive manipulation in insects.- Chapter 12. The mechanism for establishing the binarysex with environmental signals in the crustacean Daphnia magna.- Chapter 13. Starvation is a new component of sex reversal in medaka (Oryzias latipes)—significance of metabolism in sex regulation.