The Institute for Mathematical Sciences at the National University of Singapore hosted a research program on “Nanoscale Material Interfaces: Experiment, Theory and Simulation'''' from November 2004 to January 2005. As part of the program, tutorials for graduate students and junior researchers were given by leading experts in the field.This invaluable volume collects the expanded lecture notes of four of those self-contained tutorials. The topics covered include dynamics in different models of domain coarsening and coagulation and their mathematical analysis in material sciences; a mathematical and computational study for quantized vortices in the celebrated Ginzburg-Landau models of superconductivity and the mean field Gross-Pitaevskii equations of superfluidity; the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and applications in Bose-Einstein condensation and plasma physics as well as their efficient and accurate computation; and finally, an introduction to constitutive modeling of macromolecular fluids within the framework of the kinetic theory.This volume serves to inspire graduate students and researchers who will embark upon original research work in these fields.