This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2019, held in Lugano, Switzerland, in September 2019.The conference has a clear focus on experimental information retrieval with special attention to the challenges of multimodality, multilinguality, and interactive search ranging from unstructured to semi structures and structured data. The 7 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. This year, many contributions tackle the social networks with the detection of stances or early identification of depression signs on Twitter in a cross-lingual context. Further this volume presents 7 “best of the labs” papers which were reviewed as a full paper submission with the same review criteria. The labs represented scientific challenges based on new data sets and real world problems in multimodal and multilingual information access. In addition to this, 9 benchmarking labs reported results of their yearlong activities in overview talks and lab sessions.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2019, held in Lugano, Switzerland, in September 2019.

The conference has a clear focus on experimental information retrieval with special attention to the challenges of multimodality, multilinguality, and interactive search ranging from unstructured to semi structures and structured data. The 7 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. This year, many contributions tackle the social networks with the detection of stances or early identification of depression signs on Twitter in a cross-lingual context.

Further this volume presents 7 “best of the labs” papers which were reviewed as a full paper submission with the same review criteria. The labs represented scientific challenges based on new data sets and real world problems in multimodal and multilingual information access. In addition to this, 9 benchmarking labs reported results of their yearlong activities in overview talks and lab sessions.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 37th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2015, held in Vienna, Austria, in March/April 2015. The 44 full papers, 41 poster papers and 7 demonstrations presented together with 3 keynotes in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 305 submissions. The focus of the papers were on following topics: aggregated search and diversity, classification, cross-lingual and discourse, efficiency, evaluation, event mining and summarisation, information extraction, recommender systems, semantic and graph-based models, sentiment and opinion, social media, specific search tasks, temporal models and features, topic and document models, user behavior and reproducible IR.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 37th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2015, held in Vienna, Austria, in March/April 2015. The 44 full papers, 41 poster papers and 7 demonstrations presented together with 3 keynotes in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 305 submissions. The focus of the papers were on following topics: aggregated search and diversity, classification, cross-lingual and discourse, efficiency, evaluation, event mining and summarisation, information extraction, recommender systems, semantic and graph-based models, sentiment and opinion, social media, specific search tasks, temporal models and features, topic and document models, user behavior and reproducible IR.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th InternationalConference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2016, held in Tsukuba,Japan, in December 2016.The 18 full papers, 17 work-in-progress papers and 7 practitioner papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers cover topics such as community informatics, digital heritage preservation, digital curation, models and guidelines, information retrieval/integration/extraction/recommendation, privacy, education and digital literacy, open access and data, and information access design.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th InternationalConference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2016, held in Tsukuba,Japan, in December 2016.The 18 full papers, 17 work-in-progress papers and 7 practitioner papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers cover topics such as community informatics, digital heritage preservation, digital curation, models and guidelines, information retrieval/integration/extraction/recommendation, privacy, education and digital literacy, open access and data, and information access design. 

Since its inception in 1997,the EuropeanConferenceon Researchand Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has come a long way, creating a strong interdisciplinarycommunityofresearchersandpractitionersinthe?eldofdigital libraries. We are proud to present the proceedings of ECDL 2005, the ninth conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999), Lisbon (2000), Darmstadt (2001), Rome (2002), Trondheim (2003), and Bath (2004), took place on September 18–23, 2005 in Vienna, Austria. ECDL 2005 featured separate calls for paper and poster submissions, resu- ing in 130 full papers and 32 posters being submitted to the conference. All - pers were subject to a thorough peer-review process, with an 87-person-strong Program Committee and a further 68 additional reviewers from 35 countries from basically all continents sharing the tremendous review load, producing - tween three and four detailed reviews per paper. Based on these, as well as on the discussion that took place during a one-week on-line PC discussion phase, 41 papers were ?nally selected for inclusion in the conference program during a 1. 5 day PC meeting, resulting in an acceptance rate of only 32%. Furthermore, 17 paper submissions were accepted for poster presentations with an additional 13 posters being accepted based on a simpli?ed review process of 2–3 reviews per poster from the poster submission track. Both the full papers as well as extended abstracts of the posters presented at ECDL 2005 are provided in these proceedings.

Since its inception in 1997,the EuropeanConferenceon Researchand Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has come a long way, creating a strong interdisciplinarycommunityofresearchersandpractitionersinthe?eldofdigital libraries. We are proud to present the proceedings of ECDL 2005, the ninth conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999), Lisbon (2000), Darmstadt (2001), Rome (2002), Trondheim (2003), and Bath (2004), took place on September 18–23, 2005 in Vienna, Austria. ECDL 2005 featured separate calls for paper and poster submissions, resu- ing in 130 full papers and 32 posters being submitted to the conference. All - pers were subject to a thorough peer-review process, with an 87-person-strong Program Committee and a further 68 additional reviewers from 35 countries from basically all continents sharing the tremendous review load, producing - tween three and four detailed reviews per paper. Based on these, as well as on the discussion that took place during a one-week on-line PC discussion phase, 41 papers were ?nally selected for inclusion in the conference program during a 1. 5 day PC meeting, resulting in an acceptance rate of only 32%. Furthermore, 17 paper submissions were accepted for poster presentations with an additional 13 posters being accepted based on a simpli?ed review process of 2–3 reviews per poster from the poster submission track. Both the full papers as well as extended abstracts of the posters presented at ECDL 2005 are provided in these proceedings.

The International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries (ICADL) was born in Hong Kongin 1998and hosted in Taipei (1999),Seoul(2000),Bangalore(2001), Singapore (2002), Kuala Lumpur (2003), Shanghai (2004) and Bangkok (2005). ICADL 2006 held in Kyoto, Japan was the 9th of the ICADL series. ICADL has been recognized as an important event for the digital library communities not only in Asia but also globally. The primary mission of ICADL, like the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) and European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL), is to serve as a forum for exchange of new advanced te- nologies and ideas among researchers and practitioners. In addition, ICADL as a conference based in Asia is an important event not only for people in dev- oped countries but also in developing countries where there is large diversity in culture, language and development. ICADL 2006received170papersubmissionsfrom23countries.Everysubm- sion was reviewed by at least three reviewers. The Program Committee selected 46 full papers and 14 short papers based on the quality and contribution to digital library research. ICADL as well as JCDL and ECDL cover a wide range of information technologies for digital libraries as well as the human and social aspects of digital libraries. The topics of the papers in the proceedings include information extraction, information retrieval, metadata, architectures for di- tal libraries and archives, ontologies, information seeking, cultural heritage and e-learning.

The International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries (ICADL) was born in Hong Kongin 1998and hosted in Taipei (1999),Seoul(2000),Bangalore(2001), Singapore (2002), Kuala Lumpur (2003), Shanghai (2004) and Bangkok (2005). ICADL 2006 held in Kyoto, Japan was the 9th of the ICADL series. ICADL has been recognized as an important event for the digital library communities not only in Asia but also globally. The primary mission of ICADL, like the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) and European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL), is to serve as a forum for exchange of new advanced te- nologies and ideas among researchers and practitioners. In addition, ICADL as a conference based in Asia is an important event not only for people in dev- oped countries but also in developing countries where there is large diversity in culture, language and development. ICADL 2006received170papersubmissionsfrom23countries.Everysubm- sion was reviewed by at least three reviewers. The Program Committee selected 46 full papers and 14 short papers based on the quality and contribution to digital library research. ICADL as well as JCDL and ECDL cover a wide range of information technologies for digital libraries as well as the human and social aspects of digital libraries. The topics of the papers in the proceedings include information extraction, information retrieval, metadata, architectures for di- tal libraries and archives, ontologies, information seeking, cultural heritage and e-learning.

In the 14 years since its ?rst edition back in 1997, the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has become the reference meeting for an interdisciplinary community of researchers and practitioners whose professional activities revolve around the theme of d- th ital libraries. This volume contains the proceedings of ECDL 2010, the 14 conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999),Lisbon(2000),Darmstadt(2001),Rome(2002),Trondheim(2003),Bath (2004), Vienna (2005), Alicante (2006), Budapest (2007), Aarhus (2008), and Corfu (2009), was held in Glasgow, UK, during September 6–10, 2010. th Asidefrombeingthe14 edition of ECDL, this was also the last, at least with this name since starting with 2011, ECDL will be renamed (so as to avoid acronym con?icts with the European Computer Driving Licence) to TPLD, standing for the Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries. We hope you all will join us for TPDL 2011 in Berlin! For ECDL 2010 separate calls for papers, posters and demos were issued, - sulting in the submission to the conference of 102 full papers, 40 posters and 13 demos. This year, for the full papers, ECDL experimented with a novel, two-tier reviewing model, with the aim of further improving the quality of the resu- ing program. A ?rst-tier Program Committee of 87 members was formed, and a further Senior Program Committee composed of 15 senior members of the DL community was set up.

In the 14 years since its ?rst edition back in 1997, the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has become the reference meeting for an interdisciplinary community of researchers and practitioners whose professional activities revolve around the theme of d- th ital libraries. This volume contains the proceedings of ECDL 2010, the 14 conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999),Lisbon(2000),Darmstadt(2001),Rome(2002),Trondheim(2003),Bath (2004), Vienna (2005), Alicante (2006), Budapest (2007), Aarhus (2008), and Corfu (2009), was held in Glasgow, UK, during September 6–10, 2010. th Asidefrombeingthe14 edition of ECDL, this was also the last, at least with this name since starting with 2011, ECDL will be renamed (so as to avoid acronym con?icts with the European Computer Driving Licence) to TPLD, standing for the Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries. We hope you all will join us for TPDL 2011 in Berlin! For ECDL 2010 separate calls for papers, posters and demos were issued, - sulting in the submission to the conference of 102 full papers, 40 posters and 13 demos. This year, for the full papers, ECDL experimented with a novel, two-tier reviewing model, with the aim of further improving the quality of the resu- ing program. A ?rst-tier Program Committee of 87 members was formed, and a further Senior Program Committee composed of 15 senior members of the DL community was set up.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second Information Retrieval Facility Conference, IRFC 2011, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2011. The 10 papers presented together with a keynote talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 high-quality submissions. IRF conferences wish to bring young researchers into contact with industry at an early stage. The second conference aimed to tackle four complementary research areas: information retrieval, semantic web technologies for IR, natural language processing for IR, and large-scale or distributed computing for the above areas. The papers are organized into topical sections on patents and multilinguality, interactive retrieval support, and IR and the Net.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second Information Retrieval Facility Conference, IRFC 2011, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2011. The 10 papers presented together with a keynote talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 high-quality submissions. IRF conferences wish to bring young researchers into contact with industry at an early stage. The second conference aimed to tackle four complementary research areas: information retrieval, semantic web technologies for IR, natural language processing for IR, and large-scale or distributed computing for the above areas. The papers are organized into topical sections on patents and multilinguality, interactive retrieval support, and IR and the Net.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2011, held in Beijing, China, in October 2011. The 33 revised full papers, 8 short papers and 9 poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 136 submissions. The topics covered are digital archives and preservation; information mining and extraction; medata, catalogue; distributed repositories and cloud computing; social network and personalized service; mobile services and electronic publishing; multimedia digital libraries; information retrieval; and tools and systems for digital library.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2019, held in Lugano, Switzerland, in September 2019.The conference has a clear focus on experimental information retrieval with special attention to the challenges of multimodality, multilinguality, and interactive search ranging from unstructured to semi structures and structured data. The 7 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. This year, many contributions tackle the social networks with the detection of stances or early identification of depression signs on Twitter in a cross-lingual context. Further this volume presents 7 “best of the labs” papers which were reviewed as a full paper submission with the same review criteria. The labs represented scientific challenges based on new data sets and real world problems in multimodal and multilingual information access. In addition to this, 9 benchmarking labs reported results of their yearlong activities in overview talks and lab sessions.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF 2019, held in Lugano, Switzerland, in September 2019.

The conference has a clear focus on experimental information retrieval with special attention to the challenges of multimodality, multilinguality, and interactive search ranging from unstructured to semi structures and structured data. The 7 full papers and 8 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. This year, many contributions tackle the social networks with the detection of stances or early identification of depression signs on Twitter in a cross-lingual context.

Further this volume presents 7 “best of the labs” papers which were reviewed as a full paper submission with the same review criteria. The labs represented scientific challenges based on new data sets and real world problems in multimodal and multilingual information access. In addition to this, 9 benchmarking labs reported results of their yearlong activities in overview talks and lab sessions.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 37th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2015, held in Vienna, Austria, in March/April 2015. The 44 full papers, 41 poster papers and 7 demonstrations presented together with 3 keynotes in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 305 submissions. The focus of the papers were on following topics: aggregated search and diversity, classification, cross-lingual and discourse, efficiency, evaluation, event mining and summarisation, information extraction, recommender systems, semantic and graph-based models, sentiment and opinion, social media, specific search tasks, temporal models and features, topic and document models, user behavior and reproducible IR.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 37th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2015, held in Vienna, Austria, in March/April 2015. The 44 full papers, 41 poster papers and 7 demonstrations presented together with 3 keynotes in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 305 submissions. The focus of the papers were on following topics: aggregated search and diversity, classification, cross-lingual and discourse, efficiency, evaluation, event mining and summarisation, information extraction, recommender systems, semantic and graph-based models, sentiment and opinion, social media, specific search tasks, temporal models and features, topic and document models, user behavior and reproducible IR.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th InternationalConference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2016, held in Tsukuba,Japan, in December 2016.The 18 full papers, 17 work-in-progress papers and 7 practitioner papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers cover topics such as community informatics, digital heritage preservation, digital curation, models and guidelines, information retrieval/integration/extraction/recommendation, privacy, education and digital literacy, open access and data, and information access design.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th InternationalConference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2016, held in Tsukuba,Japan, in December 2016.The 18 full papers, 17 work-in-progress papers and 7 practitioner papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers cover topics such as community informatics, digital heritage preservation, digital curation, models and guidelines, information retrieval/integration/extraction/recommendation, privacy, education and digital literacy, open access and data, and information access design. 

Since its inception in 1997,the EuropeanConferenceon Researchand Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has come a long way, creating a strong interdisciplinarycommunityofresearchersandpractitionersinthe?eldofdigital libraries. We are proud to present the proceedings of ECDL 2005, the ninth conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999), Lisbon (2000), Darmstadt (2001), Rome (2002), Trondheim (2003), and Bath (2004), took place on September 18–23, 2005 in Vienna, Austria. ECDL 2005 featured separate calls for paper and poster submissions, resu- ing in 130 full papers and 32 posters being submitted to the conference. All - pers were subject to a thorough peer-review process, with an 87-person-strong Program Committee and a further 68 additional reviewers from 35 countries from basically all continents sharing the tremendous review load, producing - tween three and four detailed reviews per paper. Based on these, as well as on the discussion that took place during a one-week on-line PC discussion phase, 41 papers were ?nally selected for inclusion in the conference program during a 1. 5 day PC meeting, resulting in an acceptance rate of only 32%. Furthermore, 17 paper submissions were accepted for poster presentations with an additional 13 posters being accepted based on a simpli?ed review process of 2–3 reviews per poster from the poster submission track. Both the full papers as well as extended abstracts of the posters presented at ECDL 2005 are provided in these proceedings.

Since its inception in 1997,the EuropeanConferenceon Researchand Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has come a long way, creating a strong interdisciplinarycommunityofresearchersandpractitionersinthe?eldofdigital libraries. We are proud to present the proceedings of ECDL 2005, the ninth conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999), Lisbon (2000), Darmstadt (2001), Rome (2002), Trondheim (2003), and Bath (2004), took place on September 18–23, 2005 in Vienna, Austria. ECDL 2005 featured separate calls for paper and poster submissions, resu- ing in 130 full papers and 32 posters being submitted to the conference. All - pers were subject to a thorough peer-review process, with an 87-person-strong Program Committee and a further 68 additional reviewers from 35 countries from basically all continents sharing the tremendous review load, producing - tween three and four detailed reviews per paper. Based on these, as well as on the discussion that took place during a one-week on-line PC discussion phase, 41 papers were ?nally selected for inclusion in the conference program during a 1. 5 day PC meeting, resulting in an acceptance rate of only 32%. Furthermore, 17 paper submissions were accepted for poster presentations with an additional 13 posters being accepted based on a simpli?ed review process of 2–3 reviews per poster from the poster submission track. Both the full papers as well as extended abstracts of the posters presented at ECDL 2005 are provided in these proceedings.

The International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries (ICADL) was born in Hong Kongin 1998and hosted in Taipei (1999),Seoul(2000),Bangalore(2001), Singapore (2002), Kuala Lumpur (2003), Shanghai (2004) and Bangkok (2005). ICADL 2006 held in Kyoto, Japan was the 9th of the ICADL series. ICADL has been recognized as an important event for the digital library communities not only in Asia but also globally. The primary mission of ICADL, like the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) and European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL), is to serve as a forum for exchange of new advanced te- nologies and ideas among researchers and practitioners. In addition, ICADL as a conference based in Asia is an important event not only for people in dev- oped countries but also in developing countries where there is large diversity in culture, language and development. ICADL 2006received170papersubmissionsfrom23countries.Everysubm- sion was reviewed by at least three reviewers. The Program Committee selected 46 full papers and 14 short papers based on the quality and contribution to digital library research. ICADL as well as JCDL and ECDL cover a wide range of information technologies for digital libraries as well as the human and social aspects of digital libraries. The topics of the papers in the proceedings include information extraction, information retrieval, metadata, architectures for di- tal libraries and archives, ontologies, information seeking, cultural heritage and e-learning.

The International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries (ICADL) was born in Hong Kongin 1998and hosted in Taipei (1999),Seoul(2000),Bangalore(2001), Singapore (2002), Kuala Lumpur (2003), Shanghai (2004) and Bangkok (2005). ICADL 2006 held in Kyoto, Japan was the 9th of the ICADL series. ICADL has been recognized as an important event for the digital library communities not only in Asia but also globally. The primary mission of ICADL, like the Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL) and European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL), is to serve as a forum for exchange of new advanced te- nologies and ideas among researchers and practitioners. In addition, ICADL as a conference based in Asia is an important event not only for people in dev- oped countries but also in developing countries where there is large diversity in culture, language and development. ICADL 2006received170papersubmissionsfrom23countries.Everysubm- sion was reviewed by at least three reviewers. The Program Committee selected 46 full papers and 14 short papers based on the quality and contribution to digital library research. ICADL as well as JCDL and ECDL cover a wide range of information technologies for digital libraries as well as the human and social aspects of digital libraries. The topics of the papers in the proceedings include information extraction, information retrieval, metadata, architectures for di- tal libraries and archives, ontologies, information seeking, cultural heritage and e-learning.

In the 14 years since its ?rst edition back in 1997, the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has become the reference meeting for an interdisciplinary community of researchers and practitioners whose professional activities revolve around the theme of d- th ital libraries. This volume contains the proceedings of ECDL 2010, the 14 conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999),Lisbon(2000),Darmstadt(2001),Rome(2002),Trondheim(2003),Bath (2004), Vienna (2005), Alicante (2006), Budapest (2007), Aarhus (2008), and Corfu (2009), was held in Glasgow, UK, during September 6–10, 2010. th Asidefrombeingthe14 edition of ECDL, this was also the last, at least with this name since starting with 2011, ECDL will be renamed (so as to avoid acronym con?icts with the European Computer Driving Licence) to TPLD, standing for the Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries. We hope you all will join us for TPDL 2011 in Berlin! For ECDL 2010 separate calls for papers, posters and demos were issued, - sulting in the submission to the conference of 102 full papers, 40 posters and 13 demos. This year, for the full papers, ECDL experimented with a novel, two-tier reviewing model, with the aim of further improving the quality of the resu- ing program. A ?rst-tier Program Committee of 87 members was formed, and a further Senior Program Committee composed of 15 senior members of the DL community was set up.

In the 14 years since its ?rst edition back in 1997, the European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (ECDL) has become the reference meeting for an interdisciplinary community of researchers and practitioners whose professional activities revolve around the theme of d- th ital libraries. This volume contains the proceedings of ECDL 2010, the 14 conference in this series, which, following Pisa (1997), Heraklion (1998), Paris (1999),Lisbon(2000),Darmstadt(2001),Rome(2002),Trondheim(2003),Bath (2004), Vienna (2005), Alicante (2006), Budapest (2007), Aarhus (2008), and Corfu (2009), was held in Glasgow, UK, during September 6–10, 2010. th Asidefrombeingthe14 edition of ECDL, this was also the last, at least with this name since starting with 2011, ECDL will be renamed (so as to avoid acronym con?icts with the European Computer Driving Licence) to TPLD, standing for the Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries. We hope you all will join us for TPDL 2011 in Berlin! For ECDL 2010 separate calls for papers, posters and demos were issued, - sulting in the submission to the conference of 102 full papers, 40 posters and 13 demos. This year, for the full papers, ECDL experimented with a novel, two-tier reviewing model, with the aim of further improving the quality of the resu- ing program. A ?rst-tier Program Committee of 87 members was formed, and a further Senior Program Committee composed of 15 senior members of the DL community was set up.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second Information Retrieval Facility Conference, IRFC 2011, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2011. The 10 papers presented together with a keynote talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 high-quality submissions. IRF conferences wish to bring young researchers into contact with industry at an early stage. The second conference aimed to tackle four complementary research areas: information retrieval, semantic web technologies for IR, natural language processing for IR, and large-scale or distributed computing for the above areas. The papers are organized into topical sections on patents and multilinguality, interactive retrieval support, and IR and the Net.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second Information Retrieval Facility Conference, IRFC 2011, held in Vienna, Austria, in June 2011. The 10 papers presented together with a keynote talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 high-quality submissions. IRF conferences wish to bring young researchers into contact with industry at an early stage. The second conference aimed to tackle four complementary research areas: information retrieval, semantic web technologies for IR, natural language processing for IR, and large-scale or distributed computing for the above areas. The papers are organized into topical sections on patents and multilinguality, interactive retrieval support, and IR and the Net.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2011, held in Beijing, China, in October 2011. The 33 revised full papers, 8 short papers and 9 poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 136 submissions. The topics covered are digital archives and preservation; information mining and extraction; medata, catalogue; distributed repositories and cloud computing; social network and personalized service; mobile services and electronic publishing; multimedia digital libraries; information retrieval; and tools and systems for digital library.