Charles de Montesquieu – författare

The Spirit of the Laws is, without question, one of the central texts in the history of eighteenth-century thought, yet there has been no complete, scholarly English-language edition since that of Thomas Nugent, published in 1750. This lucid translation renders Montesquieu's problematic text newly accessible to a fresh generation of students, helping them to understand quite why Montesquieu was such an important figure in the early enlightenment and why The Spirit of the Laws was, for example, such an influence upon those who framed the American constitution. Fully annotated, this edition focuses attention upon Montesquieu's use of sources and his text as a whole, rather than upon those opening passages towards which critical energies have traditionally been devoted, and a select bibliography and chronology are provided for those coming to Montesquieu's work for the first time.

The Spirit of the Laws is, without question, one of the central texts in the history of eighteenth-century thought, yet there has been no complete, scholarly English-language edition since that of Thomas Nugent, published in 1750. This lucid translation renders Montesquieu''s problematic text newly accessible to a fresh generation of students, helping them to understand quite why Montesquieu was such an important figure in the early enlightenment and why The Spirit of the Laws was, for example, such an influence upon those who framed the American constitution. Fully annotated, this edition focuses attention upon Montesquieu''s use of sources and his text as a whole, rather than upon those opening passages towards which critical energies have traditionally been devoted, and a select bibliography and chronology are provided for those coming to Montesquieu''s work for the first time.

The Spirit of the Laws is, without question, one of the central texts in the history of eighteenth-century thought, yet there has been no complete, scholarly English-language edition since that of Thomas Nugent, published in 1750. This lucid translation renders Montesquieu''s problematic text newly accessible to a fresh generation of students, helping them to understand quite why Montesquieu was such an important figure in the early enlightenment and why The Spirit of the Laws was, for example, such an influence upon those who framed the American constitution. Fully annotated, this edition focuses attention upon Montesquieu''s use of sources and his text as a whole, rather than upon those opening passages towards which critical energies have traditionally been devoted, and a select bibliography and chronology are provided for those coming to Montesquieu''s work for the first time.

Die Gewaltenteilung als Ordnungs- und Strukturprinzip ist Bestandteil fast aller modernen Verfassungen und in erster Linie auf das vorliegende Werk zurückzuführen. Montesquieu stellt in diesem Buch die drei Staatsformen Demokratie, Monarchie und Despotie in ihrer jeweiligen Abhängigkeit von den natürlichen und gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen dar. Nur wenn der 'Geist der Gesetze' eines Landes zu diesen Bedingungen, zu seiner Regierungsform und vor allem zum Wesen und Charakter, dem 'esprit général' des jeweiligen Volkes passt, entspricht die Gesetzgebung der Vernunft und kann so ihrer Funktion gerecht werden, eine ausgewogene, willkürfreie Herrschaft zu ermöglichen. Damit steht bei Montesquieu ein historisch bedingter Gesetzesbegriff im Mittelpunkt, der sich von den im 18. Jahrhundert vorherrschenden abstrakten Naturrechtsideen abhob und die weitere rechtstheoretische Diskussion ebenso wie die politische maßgeblich beeinflusste.