Christoph Grabenwarter - Böcker

The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law series describes and analyzes the public law of the European legal space, an area that encompasses not only the law of the European Union but also the European Convention on Human Rights and, importantly, the domestic public laws of European states. Recognizing that the ongoing vertical and horizontal processes of European integration render legal comparison the task of our time for both scholars and practitioners, the project aims to foster a better understanding of the specific European legal pluralism and, ultimately, to contribute to the legitimacy and efficiency of European public law. The first volume of the series began this endeavour with an appraisal of the evolution of the state and its administration, offering both cross-cutting contributions and specific country reports. The third volume (the second in chronological terms) continues this approach with an in-depth appraisal of constitutional adjudication in various and diverse European countries. Fourteen country reports and two cross-cutting contributions investigate the antecedents, foundations, organization, procedure, and specific approach to constitutional issues throughout the Continent.The fourth volume now compares European constitutional jurisdiction in the European legal space. It examines the structures of the organization, the appointment of judges, the procedures and the methods of argumentation and interpretation, their impact on state and society, their legitimacy as well as their role in the division of powers, and thus completes the picture following the country reports in Volume III. This comparative perspective is supplemented by an examination that illustrates the relationship with the ECJ, the ECtHR, and the Venice Commission as well as their (constitutional) function. Finally, Constitutional Adjudication: Common Themes and Challenges is devoted to the challenges constitutional jurisdiction in the European judicial area is currently facing. The historical, political, and theoretical foundations as well as the basic dogmatic features of constitutional jurisdiction are presented in such a way that the discussion about its role and further development in this legal space is sustainably stimulated.

The Max Planck Handbooks in European Public Law describe and analyse public law of the European legal space, an area that encompasses not only the law of the European Union but also the European Convention on Human Rights and, importantly, the domestic public laws of European states. Recognizing that the ongoing vertical and horizontal processes of European integration make legal comparison the task of our time for both scholars and practitioners, the series aims to foster the development of a specifically European legal pluralism and to contribute to the legitimacy and efficiency of European public law. The first volume of the series began this enterprise with an appraisal of the evolution of the state and its administration, offering both cross-cutting contributions and specific country reports. The third volume (the second in chronological terms) continues this approach with an in-depth appraisal of constitutional adjudication in various and diverse European countries. Fourteen country reports and two cross-cutting contributions investigate the antecedents, foundations, organization, procedure, and outlook of constitutional adjudicators throughout the Continent. They include countries with powerful constitutional courts, jurisdictions with traditional supreme courts, and states with small institutions and limited ex ante review. In keeping with the focus on a diverse but unified legal space, each report also details how its institution fits into the broader association of constitutional courts that, through dialogue and conflict, brings to fruition the European legal space. Together, the chapters of this volume provide a strong and diverse foundation for this dialogue to flourish.

The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) entered into force on 3 September, 1953, with a binding effect on all member states of the Council of Europe. It grants the people of Europe a number of fundamental rights and freedoms: right to life, prohibition of torture, prohibition of slavery and forced labour, right to liberty and security, right to a fair trial, no punishment without law, right to respect for private and family life, freedom of thought, conscience and religion, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, right to marry, right to an effective remedy, prohibition of discrimination; plus some more by additional protocols to the Convention. Any person who feels that his or her rights are being violated under the ECHR by the authorities in one of the Member States can bring the case to the European Court of Human Rights, established under the Convention. The States are bound by the Court’s decisions. Professor Grabenwarter’s commentary systematically deals with the Convention, article-by-article, including development, scope, relevant case-law and literature.

The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) entered into force on 3 September 1953 with binding effect on all Member States of the Council of Europe. It grants the people of Europe a number of fundamental rights and freedoms (right to life, prohibition of torture, prohibition of slavery and forced labour, right to liberty and security, right to a fair trial, no punishment without law, right to respect for private and family life, freedom of thought, conscience and religion, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, right to marry, right to an effective remedy, prohibition of discrimination) plus some more by additional protocols to the Convention (Protocols 1 (ETS No. 009), 4 (ETS No. 046), 6 (ETS No. 114), 7 (ETS No. 117), 12 (ETS No. 177) and 13 (ETS No. 187)). Any person who feels his or her rights under the ECHR have been violated by the authorities of one of the Member States can bring a case to the European Court of Human Rights, established under the Convention. The States are bound by the Court's decisions. The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe make sure that the decisions are properly executed. Today the Court receives thousands of petitions annually, demonstrating the immense impact of the Convention and the Strasbourg Court. Professor Grabenwarter's Commentary deals with the Convention systematically, article-by-article, considering the development and scope of each article, together with the relevant case-law and literature.

Verfassungstheorie thematisiert ordnungspolitische Herausforderungen und verfassungspolitische Handlungsmöglichkeiten, auf die eine konkrete Verfassung nur eine - von mehreren theoretisch möglichen - historisch-kontingente Antwort ist. Ihre Funktionen sind vielfältig: affirmativ die Vorverständnisse und Selbstverständlichkeiten des historischen Verfassungsgebers rekonstruierend, kritisch das je gegebene positive Verfassungsrecht hinterfragend und in seiner Relativität analysierend, konstruktiv das überkommene, die kulturellen Erfahrungen aufnehmende und verdichtende Verfassungsrecht weiterdenkend, legitimierend den Standort des positiven Verfassungsrechts in seiner Orientierung stiftenden Funktion neu zu bestimmen, zukunftsorientiert die Erzählungen der Verfassung an gewandelte Problemlagen wie Sichtweisen anpassend. "Verfassungstheorie" fügt sich in bestehende Nischen im Gebäude rechtswissenschaftlicher Disziplinen. Sie ist weder Fortschreibung der hergebrachten Allgemeinen Staatslehre noch eine modernere Form von Verfassungslehre. Sie unterscheidet sich von Verfassungsrechtsdogmatik, insofern sie einen begründenden Rekurs auf das positive Verfassungsrecht weder benötigt noch zulässt. Verfassungstheorie ist nicht eine Zweigniederlassung der (allgemeinen) Rechtstheorie, sondern geht über das Formale hinaus und thematisiert die inhaltliche Eigenart der Rechtsschicht "Verfassung": sie nimmt die Bewegungsgesetze der Verfassung in den Blick und legt ihre Rechtfertigung wie Zukunftsfestigkeit im Formalen wie im Materiellen dar.

This open access book deals with Article 7 TEU measures, court proceedings, financial sanctions and the EU Rule of Law Framework to protect EU values with a particular focus on checks and balances in EU Member States.