Claus Grupen - Böcker

Elementary particles can be identified through various techniques, depending on the purpose of the measurement and which relevant quantities, such as time, energy, and spatial coordinates, have to be measured. Detectors cover the measurement of energies spanning from the very low to the highest energies observed in cosmic rays. Describing the instrumentation for experiments in high energy physics and astroparticle physics, this edition describes track detectors, calorimeters, particle identification, neutrino detectors, momentum measurement, electronics, and data analysis. It also discusses applications of these detectors in other fields, such as nuclear medicine, radiation protection, and environmental science. Problem sets have been added to each chapter and additional instructive material has been provided, making this an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics. First published in 2008, this title has been reissued as an Open Access publication on Cambridge Core.

Elementary particles can be identified through various techniques, depending on the purpose of the measurement and which relevant quantities, such as time, energy, and spatial coordinates, have to be measured. Detectors cover the measurement of energies spanning from the very low to the highest energies observed in cosmic rays. Describing the instrumentation for experiments in high energy physics and astroparticle physics, this edition describes track detectors, calorimeters, particle identification, neutrino detectors, momentum measurement, electronics, and data analysis. It also discusses applications of these detectors in other fields, such as nuclear medicine, radiation protection, and environmental science. Problem sets have been added to each chapter and additional instructive material has been provided, making this an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics. First published in 2008, this title has been reissued as an Open Access publication on Cambridge Core.

This second, revised and thoroughly updated edition of the successful textbook by Claus Grupen describes the branch of astrophysics known as astroparticle physics. Using experimental methods known from cosmic ray and particle physics, astroparticle physics investigates processes of highest energies taking place in the universe. The new edition reports on progress made by recent discoveries in gravitational wave astronomy and neutrino astronomy (including all details needed to understand recent discoveries in multi-messenger experiments) and also astrobiology. After a historical introduction to the basics of elementary particles the author describes their interactions and the relevant detection techniques. The main body of the book concerns cosmic rays as well as particle processes in astrophysics and cosmology including the physics of the early universe.The book provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might be looking for.It also presents new sections exploring the interface between particle physics and cosmic radiation and illustrates the impact of particle physics discoveries to astroparticle physics. The physics is presented using little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams and illustrative scientific cartoons which ease the reading of the book. Closing the gap between expert and popular level, the book is highly recommended for undergraduate students in physics or astronomy. It also includes an extensive glossary and a detailed index.

This book lays the foundations for you to understand all that you always wanted to know about radioactivity. It begins by setting out essential information about the structure of matter, how radiation occurs and how it can be measured. It goes on to explore the substantial benefits of radioactivity through its many applications, and also the possible risks associated with its use.The field of radioactivity is explained in layman’s terms, so that everybody who is interested can improve their understanding of issues such as nuclear power, radiation accidents, medical applications of radiation and radioactivity from the environment.Everything is radioactive. There is natural radioactivity in the homes that we live in, the food that we eat and the air that we breath. For over 100 years, people have recognised the potential for radioactivity to help solve problems and improve our standard of living. This has led to the creation of radioactivity levels in some places that are much higher than naturally-occurring background levels. Such high levels of radiation can be harmful to people and the environment, so there is a clear need to manage this potential harm and to make the risk worth the benefits mankind can achieve from radioactive materials.

This book lays the foundations for you to understand all that you always wanted to know about radioactivity. It begins by setting out essential information about the structure of matter, how radiation occurs and how it can be measured. It goes on to explore the substantial benefits of radioactivity through its many applications, and also the possible risks associated with its use.The field of radioactivity is explained in layman’s terms, so that everybody who is interested can improve their understanding of issues such as nuclear power, radiation accidents, medical applications of radiation and radioactivity from the environment.Everything is radioactive. There is natural radioactivity in the homes that we live in, the food that we eat and the air that we breath. For over 100 years, people have recognised the potential for radioactivity to help solve problems and improve our standard of living. This has led to the creation of radioactivity levels in some places that are much higher than naturally-occurring background levels. Such high levels of radiation can be harmful to people and the environment, so there is a clear need to manage this potential harm and to make the risk worth the benefits mankind can achieve from radioactive materials.

This handbook covers the fundamental principles of interactions of particles with matter and of most types of detectors used in many fields of physics, starting from particle physics, nuclear physics up to recent experiments for solid state physics.

Describes the branch of astronomy in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods employed in particle-physics experiments. Introducing the basics of elementary particles, this book describes their interactions and the relevant detection techniques, placing emphasis on cosmic rays.

toRadiationProtection PracticalKnowledge forHandlingRadioactiveSources Collaborators:UlrichWerthenbachandTiloStroh 123 ProfessorDr. ClausGrupen UniversityofSiegen,DepartmentofPhysics Walter-Flex-Str. 3,57068Siegen,Germany E-mail:grupen@hep. physik. uni-siegen. de Collaborators: Dr. TiloStroh Dr. UlrichWerthenbach UniversityofSiegen,DepartmentofPhysics Walter-Flex-Str. 3,57068Siegen,Germany E-mail:stroh@sirs02. physik. uni-siegen. de werthenbach@deph. physik. uni-siegen. de Graphics design: Armbrust Design, Stefen H. Armbrust, Siegen, Germany With cartoons by N. Downes, C. Grupen (partly inspired by my son Cornelius), L. Murchetz, V. Ren ?in, J. Wolter; copyright by the cartoonists. Translatedandupdatedfromthe4thEditionGrundkursStrahlenschutz,publishedbySpringer2008 ISSN1868-4513 e-ISSN1868-4521 ISBN978-3-642-02585-3 e-ISBN978-3-642-02586-0 DOI10. 1007/978-3-642-02586-0 SpringerHeidelbergDordrechtLondonNewYork LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010921303 (c)Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2010 This work is subject to copyright.All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks. Duplicationofthispublicationor partsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965,in itscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer. Violationsareliableto prosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc. inthispublicationdoesnotimply, evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsand regulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(springer. com). Disclaimer This book provides an overview of radiation physics and radiati- protection regulations. It is essentially meant for students and p- fessionals concerned with problems of radiation aspects. We have tried to keep the information correct and up-to-date. However, any reliance on such information is strictly at your own risk.This refers to the availability of the shown commercial products and also to those places where web sites are given. Web addresses can change quite rapidly, but we have made sure that the sites given in the text are available at the time of printing of this book. The referred web sites are not under our control. We have also tried to get written permissions for all products on radiation detection and radiation - struments and other material which is shown in this book.

Describes the branch of astronomy in which processes in the universe are investigated with experimental methods employed in particle-physics experiments. After a historical introduction the basics of elementary particles, Explains particle interactions and the relevant detection techniques, while modern aspects of astroparticle physics are described in a chapter on cosmology. Provides an orientation in the field of astroparticle physics that many beginners might seek and appreciate because the underlying physics fundamentals are presented with little mathematics, and the results are illustrated by many diagrams. Readers have a chance to enter this field of astronomy with a book that closes the gap between expert and popular level.

The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.

Das Buch bietet eine sehr praktisch ausgerichtete Einführung in die Probleme des Strahlenschutzes, seine physikalischen Grundlagen – wie die Wechselwirkung ionisierender Strahlung mit Materie – die biologische Strahlenwirkung, die Quellen der Strahlenbelastung aus unserer Umwelt, die Messmethoden im Strahlenschutz (Dosimetrie) und die praktische Wahrnehmung des Strahlenschutzes. Das notwendige Wissen für den Umgang mit radioaktiven Stoffen wird anhand zahlreicher Beispiele, (vorgerechneter) Übungsaufgaben und einfacher Experimente praxisnah vorgestellt. Die im Verwaltungsdeutsch abgefassten Paragraphen der Strahlenschutzverordnung werden in lesbarer Form auf das Wesentliche reduziert. Ein umfangreiches Glossar erleichtert den Zugang zum Stoffinhalt. Die vierte Auflage wurde durch Kapitel über Kernkraftwerke, Strahlungsquellen und die Effekte Nicht-Ionisierender Strahlung ergänzt. Weiterhin enthält die neue Auflage Zerfallsschemata einiger häufig im Strahlenschutz verwendeter Isotopeund eine vereinfachte Nuklidkarte. Die Kapitel aus der dritten Auflage wurden überarbeitet und auf den neuesten Stand der Technik gebracht. Zur Auflockerung des Textes wurden weitere wissenschaftliche Cartoons eingearbeitet.

Claus Grupen erörtert in diesem essential in einem kurzen historischen Abriss die Astroteilchenphysik und beschreibt die neuesten Resultate, ohne ins mathematische Detail zu gehen.

This account of sources of ionizing radiation and methods of radiation protection describes units of radiation protection, measurement techniques, biological effects, environmental radiation and many applications. Each chapter contains problems with solutions.

Dieses Buch bietet eine ausführliche Darstellung der Astroteilchenphysik und der kosmischen Strahlung mit den dazugehörigen Messmethoden in der Forschung. Der Text wird durch viele sorgfältig erstellte Diagramme und Abbildungen und durch zahlreiche unterhaltsame Cartoons ergänzt und kommt dabei in weiten Teilen ohne komplizierte Mathematik aus.

Dieses essential konzentriert sich auf die Vermittlung der wichtigsten Grundbegriffe, von der Elektrostatik, den Phänomenen des elektrischen Stromes bis hin zu den Maxwell-Gleichungen und aus ihnen abgeleiteten Erkenntnissen.

Die Autoren Claus Grupen und Marcus Niechciol geben in diesem essential einen Ausblick auf die Chancen, der durch Überbevölkerung und Klimaveränderung belasteten Erde zu entkommen. Der Mars als nächstliegender Planet ist ein natürlicher Kandidat für eine Besiedelung durch den Menschen. Aber der Mars ist öd und leer, ohne rechte Luft zum Atmen.