Dieter Gosewinkel – författare

Citizenship was the most important mark of political belonging in Europe in the twentieth century, while estate, religion, party, class, and nation lost political significance in the century of extremes. This is shown by examining the legal institution of citizenship, with its deciding influence on the limits of a political community, on inclusion and exclusion. Citizenship determined a person''s protection, equality, and freedom and thus his or her chances in lifeand very survival. This book recounts the history of citizenship in Europe as the history of European statehood in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. It does so from three vantage points: as the development of a legal institution crucial to European constitutionalism; as a measure of anindividual''s opportunities for self-fulfilment ranging from freedom to totalitarian subjugation; and as a succession of alternating, often sharply divergent political regimes, considered from the perspective of their inclusivity and exclusivity, and its justification.The European history of citizenship is discussed in this book on the basis of six selected countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Russia. For the first time, a joint history of citizenship in Western and Eastern Europe is told here, from the heyday of the nation state to our present day, which is marked by the crises of the European Union. It is the history of a central legal institution that significantly represents and at the same time determines struggles overmigration, integration, and belonging. One of the central concerns of this book is what lessons can be learned when it comes to the future chances of European citizenship.

Citizenship was the most important mark of political belonging in Europe in the twentieth century, while estate, religion, party, class, and nation lost political significance in the century of extremes. This is shown by examining the legal institution of citizenship, with its deciding influence on the limits of a political community, on inclusion and exclusion. Citizenship determined a person''s protection, equality, and freedom and thus his or her chances in lifeand very survival. This book recounts the history of citizenship in Europe as the history of European statehood in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. It does so from three vantage points: as the development of a legal institution crucial to European constitutionalism; as a measure of anindividual''s opportunities for self-fulfilment ranging from freedom to totalitarian subjugation; and as a succession of alternating, often sharply divergent political regimes, considered from the perspective of their inclusivity and exclusivity, and its justification.The European history of citizenship is discussed in this book on the basis of six selected countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Russia. For the first time, a joint history of citizenship in Western and Eastern Europe is told here, from the heyday of the nation state to our present day, which is marked by the crises of the European Union. It is the history of a central legal institution that significantly represents and at the same time determines struggles overmigration, integration, and belonging. One of the central concerns of this book is what lessons can be learned when it comes to the future chances of European citizenship.

Citizenship was the most important mark of political belonging in Europe in the twentieth century, while estate, religion, party, class, and nation lost political significance in the century of extremes. This is shown by examining the legal institution of citizenship, with its deciding influence on the limits of a political community, on inclusion and exclusion. Citizenship determined a person's protection, equality, and freedom and thus his or her chances in life and very survival. This book recounts the history of citizenship in Europe as the history of European statehood in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. It does so from three vantage points: as the development of a legal institution crucial to European constitutionalism; as a measure of an individual's opportunities for self-fulfilment ranging from freedom to totalitarian subjugation; and as a succession of alternating, often sharply divergent political regimes, considered from the perspective of their inclusivity and exclusivity, and its justification. The European history of citizenship is discussed in this book on the basis of six selected countries: Great Britain, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Russia. For the first time, a joint history of citizenship in Western and Eastern Europe is told here, from the heyday of the nation state to our present day, which is marked by the crises of the European Union. It is the history of a central legal institution that significantly represents and at the same time determines struggles over migration, integration, and belonging. One of the central concerns of this book is what lessons can be learned when it comes to the future chances of European citizenship.

The history of modern Europe is often presented with the hindsight of present-day European integration, which was a genuinely liberal project based on political and economic freedom. Many other visions for Europe developed in the 20th century, however, were based on an idea of community rooted in pre-modern religious ideas, cultural or ethnic homogeneity, or even in coercion and violence. They frequently rejected the idea of modernity or reinterpreted it in an antiliberal manner. Anti-liberal Europe examines these visions, including those of anti-modernist Catholics, conservatives, extreme rightists as well as communists, arguing that antiliberal concepts in 20th-century Europe were not the counterpart to, but instead part of the process of European integration.

Now more than ever, “recognition” represents a critical concept for social movements, both as a strategic tool and an important policy aim. While the subject’s theoretical and empirical dimensions have usually been studied separately, this interdisciplinary collection focuses on both  to examine the pursuit of recognition against a transnational backdrop. With a special  emphasis on the efforts of women’s and Jewish organizations in 20th-century Europe, the studies collected here show how recognition can be meaningfully understood in historical-analytical terms, while demonstrating the extent to which transnationalization determines a movement’s reach and effectiveness.

Vom 19. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart wird der Bedeutungswandel von Staatsbürgerschaft gezeigt: ihr Aufstieg zur dominanten Form politischer Zugehörigkeit im Zeitalter des Nationalstaats und Instrument ethnischer und politischer Selektion in Diktaturen bis hin zur neuen Gestalt der Unionsbürgerschaft in der supranational organisierten Europäischen Union. Drei Länder Europas, die als Nachbarstaaten in besonders intensiver Weise durch existentielle Konflikte und politische Kooperation miteinander verflochten waren, dienen als Anschauungsbeispiel. Zwischen Frankreich, Deutschland und Polen haben tiefe ideologische Gegensätze sowie gewaltsame Auseinandersetzungen, aber auch von wechselseitigen Lernprozessen und Adaption über zwei Jahr-hunderte intensiver als in fast jeder anderen Region Europas die Geschichte der Staatsbürgerschaft geprägt.

In aktuellen Diskussionen etwa über Spätaussiedler oder die Integration von Ausländern geht es immer wieder um Staatsangehörigkeit und Einbürgerung. Die Staatsangehörigkeit wurde im 19. Jahrhundert zur Institution des Nationalstaates, der mit der Einbürgerung die Maßstäbe seines Selbstverständnisses festlegte. Dieter Gosewinkel untersucht die Entwicklung der Staatsangehörigkeit und Einbürgerungspolitik im Zusammenhang mit der Herausbildung, Entfaltung und Krise des deutschen Nationalstaates. Im Mittelpunkt des Buches stehen der Zugang zum Nationalstaat und dessen Abgrenzung nach außen. Wie veränderte sich die Institution der Staatsangehörigkeit im Wechsel der politischen Systeme? Inwieweit trug sie zur Vereinheitlichung der föderativen Grundstruktur des deutschen Nationalstaates bei? Wie sah die Praxis der Einbürgerungspolitik im historischen Wandel aus? Wie entwickelten sich die Rechte und Pflichten der Staatsangehörigen? Inwieweit ging die wachsende Homogenität der Bürgergesellschaft mit einer zunehmenden Abschließung nach außen einher? Solche Fragen helfen auch, politische und gesellschaftliche Probleme der Gegenwart besser zu verstehen.

Unterschiedliche historische Spielarten der Menschenrechtskritik und deren Wirkungsgeschichte.Während die 1990er Jahre als eine Hochzeit der internationalen Menschenrechtsbewegung galten, ist die Debatte über Menschenrechte seit einigen Jahren zunehmend von Skepsis und Pessimismus geprägt. Schlagworte wie "Endzeit" oder "Dämmerung" der Menschenrechte sollen signalisieren, dass mit dem Internationalen Recht auch die Menschenrechte in eine Legitimationskrise geraten sind. Teilweise speist sich die gegenwärtige Kritik aus tagespolitischen Entwicklungen, greift vielfach aber auch auf grundsätzlichere Argumente zurück. Diese haben die Auseinandersetzung über Gehalt und Geltungskraft der Menschenrechtsidee von Anfang an begleitet. Denn schon immer war die Genese moderner Menschenrechtskonzeptionen eng mit deren jeweiligen Gegenentwürfen verwoben.Dabei lassen sich pragmatische Kritik und grundsätzliche Gegnerschaft nur selten auseinanderhalten. Menschenrechtskritik entsprang vielschichtigen Motivlagen und trat zudem in unterschiedlichen Mischungsverhältnissen und Schattierungen auf. Dieser Befund fordert dazu heraus, das Phänomen der Menschenrechtskritik zu historisieren und zu systematisieren.