Eric Stern – författare

I denna heltäckande grundbok ges en introduktion till studiet av internationella relationer. Boken redogör för de dominerande teoretiska perspektiven inom internationella relationer, för de processer som formar den internationella fördelningen av makt och resurser, samt för de mest framträdande politikområdena i världspolitiken idag. Genom sitt breda anslag behandlar boken frågor som: Varför uppstår krig? Vad har globaliseringen för politiska effekter? Vem har makt i internationell politik? Hur kan utvecklingsländerna hävas ur fattigdom? Vilka motiv driver transnationella terroristnätverk? När har normer och internationella institutioner betydelse? Under vilka omständigheter får nationella identiteter genomslag i världspolitiken?I boken medverkar många av de främsta forskarna inom internationell politik i Sverige. Alla är experter inom sina respektive områden, och är väl integrerade i den internationella forskningsmiljön. På ett pedagogiskt sätt introducerar de centrala perspektiv och begrepp och knyter samtidigt an till aktuella exempel och illustrationer. Flera exempel hämtas från en svensk kontext och boken belyser därmed på ett unikt sätt Sveriges relationer med omvärlden. I denna fjärde upplaga har samtliga kapitel uppdaterats. Boken vänder sig i första hand till introduktionskurser i internationell politik eller internationella relationer vid universitet och högskolor.

Strategic issues and crises in foreign policy are usually managed by relatively small groups of elite policymakers and their closest advisors. Since the pioneering work of Irving Janis in the early 1970s, we have known that the interplay between the members of these groups can have a profound and, indeed, at times a pernicious influence on the content and quality of foreign policy decisions. Janis argued that "groupthink," a term he used to describe a tendency for extreme concurrence-seeking in decision-making groups, was a major cause of a number of U.S. foreign policy fiascoes. And yet not all small groups suffer from groupthink; in fact many high-level bodies are handicapped by an inability to achieve consensus at all. Beyond Groupthink builds upon and extends Janis''s legacy. The contributors develop a richer understanding of group dynamics by drawing on alternate views of small-group dynamics. The relevant literature is reviewed and the different perspectives are explored in detailed case studies. The contributors link the group process to the broader organizational and political context of the policy process and stress the need to develop a multi-level understanding of the collegial policy-making process, combining the insights drawn from micro-level theories with those derived from study of broader political phenomena. The contributors include Alexander George, Sally Riggs Fuller, Paul D. Hoyt, Ramon J. Aldag, Max V. Metselaar, Bertjan Verbeek, J. Thomas Preston, Jean A. Garrison, and Yaacov Y. I. Vertzberger. This book should appeal to political scienctists and international relations specialists, as well as researchers in social psychology, public administration, and management interested in group decision-making processes. Paul ''t Hart is Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Leiden University and Scientific Director of of the Leiden-Rotterdam Crisis Research Center. Eric Stern is Professor of Political Science at Stockholm University. Bengt Sundelius is Professor of Political Science at Stockholm University.

Virtually all of the socio-technical systems that maintain public order, quality of life, and commerce depend on a reliable electric supply, and critical infrastructure failures such as "blackouts" have profound implications for citizens and for those who govern in their name. Social scientists have noted the impact of such failures on society, and undertake the study of crisis management to improve our knowledge of why critical systems fail and how such systems can be made more reliable. Auckland Unplugged is a major contribution to this field. Using the 1998 blackout of the central business district of Auckland, New Zealand, as a case study, the authors reveal a number of important insights into the central challenges of crisis governance in post-industrial, democratic societies. These challenges include:· Finding an appropriate division of responsibility and labor between public- and private-sector actors.· Crafting and coordinating a crisis response that addresses perceived threats to community values and avoids the twin perils of underreaction (e.g., passivity or paralysis) and overreaction (e.g., "crying wolf" or political grandstanding).· Coping with competence/authority discrepancies under stress: Those who have expert knowledge of the technical issues rarely have the authority to make policy; those who have the authority generally lack the technical expertise to comprehend the subtleties and uncertainties of the issues at stake.· Maintaining credibility and legitimacy when facing acute, ill-structured problmes in politicized, publicized, and highly uncertain environments.Such challenges are by no means specific to Auckland or to the problem of coping with urban "blackouts." Auckland Unplugged clearly describes and carefully explores general and recurring problems faced by crisis managers around the world.

Virtually all of the socio-technical systems that maintain public order, quality of life, and commerce depend on a reliable electric supply, and critical infrastructure failures such as "blackouts" have profound implications for citizens and for those who govern in their name. Social scientists have noted the impact of such failures on society, and undertake the study of crisis management to improve our knowledge of why critical systems fail and how such systems can be made more reliable. Auckland Unplugged is a major contribution to this field. Using the 1998 blackout of the central business district of Auckland, New Zealand, as a case study, the authors reveal a number of important insights into the central challenges of crisis governance in post-industrial, democratic societies. These challenges include:· Finding an appropriate division of responsibility and labor between public- and private-sector actors.· Crafting and coordinating a crisis response that addresses perceived threats to community values and avoids the twin perils of underreaction (e.g., passivity or paralysis) and overreaction (e.g., "crying wolf" or political grandstanding).· Coping with competence/authority discrepancies under stress: Those who have expert knowledge of the technical issues rarely have the authority to make policy; those who have the authority generally lack the technical expertise to comprehend the subtleties and uncertainties of the issues at stake.· Maintaining credibility and legitimacy when facing acute, ill-structured problmes in politicized, publicized, and highly uncertain environments.Such challenges are by no means specific to Auckland or to the problem of coping with urban "blackouts." Auckland Unplugged clearly describes and carefully explores general and recurring problems faced by crisis managers around the world.

Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study research and has been updated to include new insights and examples from the last decade. This is an original and important contribution from experts in public policy and international security.

Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study research and has been updated to include new insights and examples from the last decade. This is an original and important contribution from experts in public policy and international security.

Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study research and has been updated to include new insights and examples from the last decade. This is an original and important contribution from experts in public policy and international security.

Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study research and has been updated to include new insights and examples from the last decade. This is an original and important contribution from experts in public policy and international security.

Transmediastinal gunshot injuries present the risk of immediately life threatening injuries. Stable patients have been evaluated by a combination of esophageal swallow and endoscopy, aortography and bronchoscopy. There is an increasing trend favoring CT scan. Unstable patients require immediate exploration, being prepared to enter both hemi-thoraces. Selected References: * Bergsland J, Karamanoukian HL, Soltoski PR, Salerno TA. Single suture forcircumflex exposure in coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg.1999;68: 1428-1430. * Fedalen PA, Bard MR, Piacentino V, et al. Intraluminal shunt placement and off- pump coronary revascularization for coronary artery stab wound. J Trauma 200 1;50: 133-135 * Hanpeter DE, Demetriades D, Asensio JA, Berne TV, Velmahos G, Murraygunshot wounds. J Trauma 2000;49(4):689-695. * MacPherson D. Bullet Penetration: Modeling the dynamics and the incapacitation resulting from wound trauma. Ballistics Publications, EI Segundo, CA, 1994 * Wall MJ, Soltero E. Damage control for thoracic injuries, Surg Clin North AmI997;77(4):863-878.* Rozycki GS, Feliciano DV, Oschner MG, Knudson MM, Hoyt DB, Davis F, Hammerman D, Figueredo V, Harviel JD, Han DC, Schmidt JA. The role ofUltrasound in patients with possible penetrating cardiac wounds: aProspective multicenter study. J Trauma 1999; 46(4):543-552. * Roussseau H, Soula P, Bui B, D'Othee BJ, Massabuau P, Meites G, Concina P,Mazzerolles M, Joffre F, Otal P. Delayed treatment of traumatic ruptureof the thoracic aorta with endoluminal covered stent. Circulation 1999 Feb2; 99(4): 498-504.

Transmediastinal gunshot injuries present the risk of immediately life threatening injuries. Stable patients have been evaluated by a combination of esophageal swallow and endoscopy, aortography and bronchoscopy. There is an increasing trend favoring CT scan. Unstable patients require immediate exploration, being prepared to enter both hemi-thoraces. Selected References: * Bergsland J, Karamanoukian HL, Soltoski PR, Salerno TA. Single suture forcircumflex exposure in coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg.1999;68: 1428-1430. * Fedalen PA, Bard MR, Piacentino V, et al. Intraluminal shunt placement and off- pump coronary revascularization for coronary artery stab wound. J Trauma 200 1;50: 133-135 * Hanpeter DE, Demetriades D, Asensio JA, Berne TV, Velmahos G, Murraygunshot wounds. J Trauma 2000;49(4):689-695. * MacPherson D. Bullet Penetration: Modeling the dynamics and the incapacitation resulting from wound trauma. Ballistics Publications, EI Segundo, CA, 1994 * Wall MJ, Soltero E. Damage control for thoracic injuries, Surg Clin North AmI997;77(4):863-878.* Rozycki GS, Feliciano DV, Oschner MG, Knudson MM, Hoyt DB, Davis F, Hammerman D, Figueredo V, Harviel JD, Han DC, Schmidt JA. The role ofUltrasound in patients with possible penetrating cardiac wounds: aProspective multicenter study. J Trauma 1999; 46(4):543-552. * Roussseau H, Soula P, Bui B, D'Othee BJ, Massabuau P, Meites G, Concina P,Mazzerolles M, Joffre F, Otal P. Delayed treatment of traumatic ruptureof the thoracic aorta with endoluminal covered stent. Circulation 1999 Feb2; 99(4): 498-504.