Fernando Palacio - Böcker

Carbon Based Magnetism is the most complete, detailed, and accurate guide on the magnetism of carbon, the main element of living creatures. Written by the leading experts in the field, the book provides a comprehensive review of relevant experimental data and theoretical concepts related to the magnetism of metal-free carbon systems. These systems include carbon based compounds, namely organic radical magnetic systems, and magnetic materials based on carbon structures. The aim is to advance the understanding of the fundamental properties of carbon.

This volume discusses all major modern hypotheses on the physical nature of magnetic ordering in carbon systems. The first chapters deal with magnetic ordering mechanisms in p-electron systems as well as molecular magnets with spins residing only in p-orbitals. The following chapters explore the magnetic properties of pure carbon, with particular emphasis on nanosized carbon systems with closed boundary (fullerenes and nanotubes) and with open boundary (structures with edge-localized magnetic states). The remaining chapters focus on newer topics: experimental observation and theoretical models for magnetic ordering above room temperature in pure carbon. The book also includes twenty three review articles that summarize the most significant recent and ongoing exciting scientific developments and provide the explanation. It also highlights some problems that have yet to be solved and points out new avenues for research.

This book will appeal to physicists, chemists and biologists.

The most complete, detailed, and accurate Guide in the magnetism of carbon Dynamically written by the leading experts Deals with recent scientific highlights Gathers together chemists and physicists, theoreticians and experimentalists Unified treatment rather than a series of individually authored papers Description of genuine organic molecular ferromagnets Unique description of new carbon materials with Curie temperatures well above ambient.

One of the major challenges of science in the last few years of the second millennium is learning how to design materials which can fulfill specific tasks. Ambitious as it may be, the possibilities of success are not ne~li~ble provided that all the different expertises merge to overcome the limits of eXIsting disciplines and forming new paradigms science. The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Magnetic Molecular Materials" was organized with the above considerations in mind in order to determine which are the most appropriate synthetic strategies, experimental techniques of investigation, and theoretical models which are needed in order to develop new classes of magnetic materials which are based on molecules rather than on metallic or ionic lattices. Why molecules? The answer may be obvious: molecular chemistry in principle fine can tune the structures and the properties of complex aggregates, and nature already provides a large number of molecular aggregates which can perform the most disparate functions. The contributions collected in this book provide a rather complete view of the current research accomplishments of magnetic molecular materials. There are several different synthetic approaches which are followed ranging from purely organic to inorganic materials. Some encouraging successes have already been achieved, even if the critical temperatures below which magnetic order is observed still are in the range requiring liquid helium.

Recent advances in technologies have created a need for sensing and measuring temperature at the nanoscale. This challenge requires new approaches and new techniques, since conventional thermometry is not valid at this scale. Thermometry at the Nanoscale covers the fundamentals of the subject, followed by individual chapters on luminescence-based and non-luminescence based thermometry techniques, and finally specific chapters on different applications of nanothermometry. The fundamental topics covered include a review of temperature measurement, the meaning of temperature on the nanoscale and heat propagation at the nanoscale. Luminescence-based techniques covered include quantum dots thermometry; lanthanide phosphors thermometry; organic dyes thermometry; polymer-based thermometry and organic-inorganic hybrids thermometry. Non-luminescence based thermometry techniques include scanning thermal microscopy; near-field thermometry and nanotubes thermometry. The range of applications of nanothermometry discussed includes thermometry inside a cell; microelectronics and micro/nanonofluidics. This is the first book to cover the whole subject of thermometry at the nanoscale with specialists in each particular technique discussing in detail the recent achievements and limitations as well as future trends and technological possibilities. The book will appeal to researchers from materials science, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry and biological sciences working on the development of new materials, materials characterisation/analysis and their applications.