Georges Tamer – författare

In der Studie werden Zeitvorstellungen in der vorislamisch-arabischen Dichtung und im Koran behandelt und zu spätantiken Zeitvorstellungen in hellenistischer Dichtung ins Verhältnis gesetzt. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Zeit in der altarabischen Dichtung genauso wie in der viel früheren griechischen Poesie als unentrinnbare Macht wahrgenommen wird. Der arabische Begriff für unendliche Zeit, dahr, stellt sich als das arabische Pendant des griechischen Begriffs aión dar. Im Koran wird die Macht der Zeit völlig negiert und durch die absolute Macht Gottes ersetzt, die mit Hilfe von hellenistischen Zeitvorstellungen beschrieben wird. Die erzielten Forschungsergebnisse lassen die Existenz eines arabischen Hellenismus vermuten, in dessen Kontext der Islam entstanden ist.

Der Sammelband enthält die Beiträge zahlreicher Wissenschaftler zum Internationalen Symposium Humor in der arabischen Kultur, veranstaltet vom Herausgeber im Juli 2007 an der Freien Universität Berlin. Zunächst wird in der kritischen Betrachtung des frühen religiösen Schrifttums der Muslime – und vor dem Hintergrund entsprechender jüdischer und christlicher Äußerungen – der islamische Diskurs über Wert und Unwert des Humors näher bestimmt und der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit dabei normative Kräfte frei wurden, die dem Humor der Araber definierte Grenzen zu setzen vermochten. Danach wird die große Bandbreite an Humorvollem in der klassischen arabischen Literatur in den Blick genommen und das den vielfältigen Ausdrucksformen zu Grunde liegende Verbindende – als ein traditionelles arabisches Humorverständnis – offen gelegt. Abschließend werden die Veränderungen des arabischen Humors mit dem Einbruch der Moderne und der Globalisierung sowie die gesellschafts- und politikkritische Rolle des Humors in arabischen Gesellschaften diskutiert.

Vom Mittelalter zur Neuzeit, von der Religion zur Philosophie und zurück, vom Christentum über das Judentum zum Islam – der Band vereinigt zu Ehren des 2005 verstorbenen Gelehrten und Philosophiehistorikers Friedrich Niewöhner Arbeiten, die an seine Themen anschließen und seine kritische Religionsphilosophie kritisch weiterführen.

A unique collection of studies, the present volume sheds new light on central themes of Ibn Taymiyya''s (661/1263-728/1328) and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya''s (691/1292-751/1350) thought and the relevance of their ideas to diverse Muslim societies. Investigating their positions in Islamic theology, philosophy and law, the contributions discuss a wide range of subjects, e.g. law and order; the divine compulsion of human beings; the eternity of eschatological punishment; the treatment of Sufi terminology; and the proper Islamic attitude towards Christianity. Notably, a section of the book is dedicated to analyzing Ibn Taymiyya''s struggle for and against reason as well as his image as a philosopher in contemporary Islamic thought. Several articles present the influential legacy of both thinkers in shaping an Islamic discourse facing the challenges of modernity. This volume will be especially useful for students and scholars of Islamic studies, philosophy, sociology, theology, and history of ideas.

The idea that God reveals himself to human beings is central in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, but differs in regard of content and conceptualization. The first volume of the new series Key Concepts in Interreligious Discourses points out similarities and differences of “revelation”. KCID aims to establish an archeology of religious knowledge in order to create a new conceptual platform of mutual understanding among religious communities.

Erratum: Wenzel Maximilian Widenka is co-author of the epilogue (pp. 195-206).

The idea that God reveals himself to human beings is central in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, but differs in regard of content and conceptualization. The first volume of the new series Key Concepts in Interreligious Discourses points out similarities and differences of “revelation”. KCID aims to establish an archeology of religious knowledge in order to create a new conceptual platform of mutual understanding among religious communities.

Erratum: Wenzel Maximilian Widenka is co-author of the epilogue (pp. 195-206).

The third volume of the series "Key Concepts of Interreligious Discourses" investigates the roots of the concept of freedom in Judaism, Christianity and Islam and its relevance for the present time.

The idea of freedom in terms of personal freedoms, which include freedom of conscience, freedom of speech and bodily integrity, is a relatively new one and can in some aspects get into conflict with religious convictions. At the same time, freedom as an emancipatory power from outer oppression as well as from inner dependencies is deeply rooted in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is still a vital concept in religious and non-religious communities and movements. The volume presents the concept of freedom in its different aspects as anchored in the traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It unfolds commonalities and differences between the three monotheistic religions as well as the manifold discourses about freedom within these three traditions. The book offers fundamental knowledge about the specific understanding of freedom in each one of these traditions, their interdependencies and their relationship to secular interpretations.

The second volume of the series "Key Concepts in Interreligious Discourses" points out the roots of the concept of ''''human rights'''' in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It shows how far the universal validity of ''''human rights'''' opposes in some crucial points with religious traditions. The volume demonstrates that new perspectives are introduced to the general discussion about human rights when related to religious traditions. Especially the interreligious viewpoint proves that a new kind of debate about human rights and its history is necessary.

The second volume of the series "Key Concepts in Interreligious Discourses" points out the roots of the concept of ''''human rights'''' in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It shows how far the universal validity of ''''human rights'''' opposes in some crucial points with religious traditions. The volume demonstrates that new perspectives are introduced to the general discussion about human rights when related to religious traditions. Especially the interreligious viewpoint proves that a new kind of debate about human rights and its history is necessary.

The third volume of the series "Key Concepts of Interreligious Discourses" investigates the roots of the concept of freedom in Judaism, Christianity and Islam and its relevance for the present time.

The idea of freedom in terms of personal freedoms, which include freedom of conscience, freedom of speech and bodily integrity, is a relatively new one and can in some aspects get into conflict with religious convictions. At the same time, freedom as an emancipatory power from outer oppression as well as from inner dependencies is deeply rooted in Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It is still a vital concept in religious and non-religious communities and movements. The volume presents the concept of freedom in its different aspects as anchored in the traditions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. It unfolds commonalities and differences between the three monotheistic religions as well as the manifold discourses about freedom within these three traditions. The book offers fundamental knowledge about the specific understanding of freedom in each one of these traditions, their interdependencies and their relationship to secular interpretations.

The fourth volume of the groundbreaking Handbook of Qurʾānic Hermeneutics comprises 29 chapters dealing with the hermeneutical approach to the Qurʾān by Muslim authors of the 19th and 20th centuries. These authors had to deal with the changes and influences of modernity on Muslim society. Scientific progress and related developments in the natural sciences and humanities posed new questions and challenges to the traditional interpretation of the Qurʾān.

The confrontation with the colonial period also shaped the way of thinking of some of these authors and their hermeneutical work. This led them to a search for identity and a reassessment of their own traditions and beliefs. Authors in this volume reflect on these historical experiences in their interpretation of the Qurʾān.

The hermeneutical approaches to the Qurʾān in this volume are, thus, closely linked to the social, political, and intellectual conditions in which the authors have done their work. They represent a response to the challenges and changes of their time. By critically engaging with modernity, scientific progress, and the colonial legacy, these authors contributed to understanding and interpreting Islam in a new context.