Helen Lawton Smith – författare

In the 1990s the ownership and control of information generated in the UK science was transformed by a combination of regulatory changes designed to promote "the creation of wealth". "Regulation of Science and Technology" provides a set of perspectives on the different regulatory mechanisms set out to achieve this. The contributors offer topical examinations, drawing on varying data and analysis, to give a critique of political, economic, ethical, technological and geographical issues arising from the operation of regulatory agencies.

Universities are increasingly expected to be at the heart of networked structures contributing to society in meaningful and measurable ways through research, the teaching and development of experts, and knowledge innovation. While there is nothing new in universities’ links with industry, what is recent is their role as territorial actors. It is government policy in many countries that universities - and in some countries national laboratories - stimulate regional or local economic development.Universities, Innovation and the Economy explores the implications of this expectation. It sites this new role within the context of broader political histories, comparing how countries in Europe and North America have balanced the traditional roles of teaching and research with that of exploitation of research and defining a territorial role.Helen Lawton-Smith highlights how pressure from the state and from industry has produced new paradigms of accountability that include responsibilities for regional development. This book uses empirical evidence from studies conducted in North America and Europe to provide an overview of the changing geography of university-industry links.

The impact of economic geography both within and beyond the wider field of geography has been constrained in the past by its own limitations. Drawing together the work of several eminent geographers this superb collection assesses the current state of knowledge in the sub discipline and its future direction. In doing so, the contributors show how economic geographers have offered explanations that affect places and lives in the broader context of the global economy. Offering a discussion of theoretical constructs and methodologies with the purpose to show the need to combine different approaches in understanding spatial (inter) dependencies, contributors also demonstrate the need to engage with multiple audiences, and within this context they proceed to examine how geographers have interfaced with businesses and policy.This excellent collection moves economic geography from a preoccupation with theory towards more rigorous empirical research with greater relevance for public policy. With excellent breadth of coverage, it provides an outstanding introduction to research topics and approaches.

Universities are increasingly expected to be at the heart of networked structures contributing to society in meaningful and measurable ways through research, the teaching and development of experts, and knowledge innovation. While there is nothing new in universities’ links with industry, what is recent is their role as territorial actors. It is government policy in many countries that universities - and in some countries national laboratories - stimulate regional or local economic development.Universities, Innovation and the Economy explores the implications of this expectation. It sites this new role within the context of broader political histories, comparing how countries in Europe and North America have balanced the traditional roles of teaching and research with that of exploitation of research and defining a territorial role.Helen Lawton-Smith highlights how pressure from the state and from industry has produced new paradigms of accountability that include responsibilities for regional development. This book uses empirical evidence from studies conducted in North America and Europe to provide an overview of the changing geography of university-industry links.

A map which shows where innovation is clustered worldwide is also a map of the location of the highly skilled and talented labour. New technologies, their creative applications or synergy across different areas of scientific research or technology development always create opportunities for the employment of particularly creative labour. This book explores the kinds of institutions and structures which need to exist to make sure that such skills are both offered and employed in particular ‘islands of innovation’.Networking Regionalised Innovative Labour Markets illustrates the theme of how existing concentrations of skills in scientific, technological and managerial elites are reinforced through inter-regional mobility using exemplars from a range of countries and regions. These include the US, UK, Italy, Germany, and Central and Eastern Europe. The book’s originality lies in its in-depth assessments of the factors associated with the extent to which some regions hold their positions in networked islands of innovation. It is shown that those islands of innovation that attract highly skilled workers from abroad, particularly those from foreign islands of innovation, perform better for example in the US, Italy and the UK. In contrast, even the most innovative Czech regions tend to lose the highly skilled workers vis-à-vis the most innovative regions of the world, mainly to regions in the USA.

Building on a variety of contrasting perspectives, this book focuses on the connection between university spin-offs and regional economic development. It aptly captures the diverse range of concepts relating to the main participants in the process of university spin-offs, reflecting on their roles and how these may have changed.This fascinating book provides the reader with an in-depth exploration into the spin-off process, examining how it can begin and evolve over time and how it links to regional development. Chapters highlight pertinent methodological issues previous studies have faced, while putting forward intriguing critiques of the institutional environment. The lifespan and performance of these spin-offs is scrutinised, as well as their operation at different stages of development. Interdisciplinary perspectives are summarised in order to fully investigate the importance of university spin-offs to the economic development of regions.The Geography of Academic Entrepreneurship will be of keen interest to academics within the fields of economic geography and entrepreneurial business, and to those researching technology transfer processes in various national contexts. It will additionally be of great use to postgraduate students researching these processes, as well as policymakers seeking to ascertain how university spin-offs should be comprehended.

In today’s innovation-driven global economy, there is much to be learned from the lived experience of disabled entrepreneurs in respect of support, be it by governments, charitable organisations, professional bodies or universities. Addressing the ongoing problem of inequality in access and opportunities unites all these entities. The issue this book addresses is how the innovation and entrepreneurship created by disabled people are variously supported in different national contexts. What influences the availability of resources in support of entrepreneurship and innovation by disabled people – and what works?Representative country case studies in this publication are India, Nigeria, Hungary, the United States and Türkiye. The book also draws on previous research in the UK. These countries illustrate the variations in how research into entrepreneurship undertaken by disabled people is focused on key national and regional issues. The contributions provide a summary and critique of existing legislative and policy approaches. These are detailed examples, but they are not unique and 14 different non-European countries have been identified where research on innovative entrepreneurs with disabilities has been undertaken. These include Brazil, China, Ecuador, Indonesia, Nepal and South Africa.In this Policy Expo the authors consider how inequalities in participation, access and opportunity are addressed in different countries and regions. They consider the design and implementation of policies in support of disabled entrepreneurs in order to provide an impetus to include and improve larger entrepreneurship and innovation systems. The country chapters provide an analysis and critique of current national and policy provisions and also address overall socioeconomic benefits, beyond those of the individual. Examples are given of the experiences of disabled entrepreneurs to illustrate these points.

First published in 1999 , the book is based on papers given at the final workshop of a research project into the evolution of environmental regulation in Poland undertaken as part of the UKs ERSC Global Environmental Change Programme. Other invited papers focused on the development of regulatory policy in transforming economies and in the UK. Furthermore the book highlights the weakness of internal political processes in Poland and the important role played by foreign sponsored pressures whilst exsamaning the divergence between the way  environmental charges are supposed to operate and the ways in which they are implemented and enforced. Topics covered include the links between privatisation and the environment, the saline water problem in Upper Silesia, enforcement of and compliance with environmental charges, air pollution in Krakow and the structure of the Polish environmental administration system.

First published in 1999 , the book is based on papers given at the final workshop of a research project into the evolution of environmental regulation in Poland undertaken as part of the UKs ERSC Global Environmental Change Programme. Other invited papers focused on the development of regulatory policy in transforming economies and in the UK. Furthermore the book highlights the weakness of internal political processes in Poland and the important role played by foreign sponsored pressures whilst exsamaning the divergence between the way  environmental charges are supposed to operate and the ways in which they are implemented and enforced. Topics covered include the links between privatisation and the environment, the saline water problem in Upper Silesia, enforcement of and compliance with environmental charges, air pollution in Krakow and the structure of the Polish environmental administration system.

This title was first published in 2000. With an emphasis on land-based passenger transport - particularly rail and road - this collection assesses the implications for regulation and competition of integrated transport policies. Contributions to the volume trace the evolution of transport policy, focus on the pricing of infrastructure, examine the effectiveness of competition and the adequacy of the regulatory framework in the United Kingdom.

This title was first published in 2000. With an emphasis on land-based passenger transport - particularly rail and road - this collection assesses the implications for regulation and competition of integrated transport policies. Contributions to the volume trace the evolution of transport policy, focus on the pricing of infrastructure, examine the effectiveness of competition and the adequacy of the regulatory framework in the United Kingdom.

A map which shows where innovation is clustered worldwide is also a map of the location of the highly skilled and talented labour. New technologies, their creative applications or synergy across different areas of scientific research or technology development always create opportunities for the employment of particularly creative labour. This book explores the kinds of institutions and structures which need to exist to make sure that such skills are both offered and employed in particular ‘islands of innovation’.Networking Regionalised Innovative Labour Markets illustrates the theme of how existing concentrations of skills in scientific, technological and managerial elites are reinforced through inter-regional mobility using exemplars from a range of countries and regions. These include the US, UK, Italy, Germany, and Central and Eastern Europe. The book’s originality lies in its in-depth assessments of the factors associated with the extent to which some regions hold their positions in networked islands of innovation. It is shown that those islands of innovation that attract highly skilled workers from abroad, particularly those from foreign islands of innovation, perform better for example in the US, Italy and the UK. In contrast, even the most innovative Czech regions tend to lose the highly skilled workers vis-à-vis the most innovative regions of the world, mainly to regions in the USA.

The impact of economic geography both within and beyond the wider field of geography has been constrained in the past by its own limitations. Drawing together the work of several eminent geographers this superb collection assesses the current state of knowledge in the sub discipline and its future direction. In doing so, the contributors show how economic geographers have offered explanations that affect places and lives in the broader context of the global economy. Offering a discussion of theoretical constructs and methodologies with the purpose to show the need to combine different approaches in understanding spatial (inter) dependencies, contributors also demonstrate the need to engage with multiple audiences, and within this context they proceed to examine how geographers have interfaced with businesses and policy.This excellent collection moves economic geography from a preoccupation with theory towards more rigorous empirical research with greater relevance for public policy. With excellent breadth of coverage, it provides an outstanding introduction to research topics and approaches.

The central theme of this book is the relationship between the regulation of energy production and environmental regulation. Public Policy towards New Investment and Multi-Regulation, and includes contributions from leading analysts in the fields of economics, law, politics, business and technology policy.

In India and Bangladesh between forty and eighty million people are at risk of consuming too much arsenic from well water that might have already caused one hundred thousand cancer cases and thousands of deaths.

'Lucid, compelling evidence on the need for systemic change within academia and scientific research institutions to make the most of women s talents.'- Helen Wollaston, Chief Executive, WISEThis timely book brings together expert scholarly contributions based on individual and institutional experiences of gender inequality in Europe and the USA. Featuring key empirical insights, contributors explore the ways in which gender produces differences in opportunities across STEM subjects in universities.Leading authors in the field investigate and propose strategies to improve gender equality in academic environments by focusing on how to overcome indifference, cultural resistance and backlash. This book not only demonstrates the reality of women's networking experiences in STEM in different geographical and institutional contexts but provides evidence of the effectiveness of specific measures introduced to combat inequality in science and innovation.Enlightening and provocative, this book introduces key insights and critical questions for researchers of gender inequality in science and innovation. This book will also be vital for researchers and students of entrepreneurship as the need for a firm interrogation of the causes and consequences of gender inequality in business grows.Contributors include: M.C. Agodi, S. Bagchi-Sen, N. Baines, R. Biancheri, N. Buzás, S. Cervia, G. Chapman, L. Edmunds, H. Etzkowitz, L. Foss, F. Ghahramani, J.R. Gottwald, S. Hardy, N. Hewitt-Dundas, C. Henry, S. Huszár, L.S. Kawano, H. Lawton Smith, J. Le Roux, C. Leggon, R. Lund, P. McGowan, C.L. McNeely, V. Meschitti, L. Messina, A. Micozzi, F. Micozzi, A. O'Neill, B. O'Gorman, M. Panton, I. Picardi, A. Poulovassilis, S. Prónay, P.A. Rogerson, S. Rosser, K. Seely-Gant, J. Shockro, K. Sohar