Jason T. L. Wang - Böcker

This book presents, in one convenient volume, the work of researchers in the field of pattern discovery, a fundamental operation used in the process of extracting knowledge from biomolecular data. The significant growth of the size of biomolecular data has lead scientists to place increasing importance on developing novel techniques for this knowledge extraction. With this fact in mind, the editors have compiled this clear, up-to-date summary of the principle techniques of pattern discovery in molecular biology, in the hope that readers will build on these techniques and make discoveries of their own. The techniques are drawn from many fields of mathematical science, including graph theory, information theory, statistics, and computer vision. Because there are a variety of equally valid methods of finding patterns, the book presents methods in their purest form so that readers can choose the method or combination that best fits their applications. The contributions are organized into three parts: Finding Patterns in DNA and Protein Sequences; Finding Patterns in 3D Structures, and System Components for Discovery. This resource is essential to anyone who conducts research in biocomputing, and can serve as an excellent supplementary text for biocomputing courses.

Modern biological databases comprise not only data, but also sophisticated query facilities and bioinformatics data analysis tools. This book provides an exploration through the world of Bioinformatics Database Systems.The book summarizes the popular and innovative bioinformatics repositories currently available, including popular primary genetic and protein sequence databases, phylogenetic databases, structure and pathway databases, microarray databases and boutique databases. It also explores the data quality and information integration issues currently involved with managing bioinformatics databases, including data quality issues that have been observed, and efforts in the data cleaning field.Biological data integration issues are also covered in-depth, and the book demonstrates how data integration can create new repositories to address the needs of the biological communities. It also presents typical data integration architectures employed in current bioinformatics databases.The latter part of the book covers biological data mining and biological data processing approaches using cloud-based technologies. General data mining approaches are discussed, as well as specific data mining methodologies that have been successfully deployed in biological data mining applications. Two biological data mining case studies are also included to illustrate how data, query, and analysis methods are integrated into user-friendly systems.Aimed at researchers and developers of bioinformatics database systems, the book is also useful as a supplementary textbook for a one-semester upper-level undergraduate course, or an introductory graduate bioinformatics course.

A comprehensive overview of high-performance pattern recognition techniques and approaches to Computational Molecular BiologyThis book surveys the developments of techniques and approaches on pattern recognition related to Computational Molecular Biology. Providing a broad coverage of the field, the authors cover fundamental and technical information on these techniques and approaches, as well as discussing their related problems. The text consists of twenty nine chapters, organized into seven parts: Pattern Recognition in Sequences, Pattern Recognition in Secondary Structures, Pattern Recognition in Tertiary Structures, Pattern Recognition in Quaternary Structures, Pattern Recognition in Microarrays, Pattern Recognition in Phylogenetic Trees, and Pattern Recognition in Biological Networks. Surveys the development of techniques and approaches on pattern recognition in biomolecular dataDiscusses pattern recognition in primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures, as well as microarrays, phylogenetic trees and biological networksIncludes case studies and examples to further illustrate the concepts discussed in the bookPattern Recognition in Computational Molecular Biology: Techniques and Approaches is a reference for practitioners and professional researches in Computer Science, Life Science, and Mathematics. This book also serves as a supplementary reading for graduate students and young researches interested in Computational Molecular Biology.

Modern biological databases comprise not only data, but also sophisticated query facilities and bioinformatics data analysis tools. This book provides an exploration through the world of Bioinformatics Database Systems.The book summarizes the popular and innovative bioinformatics repositories currently available, including popular primary genetic and protein sequence databases, phylogenetic databases, structure and pathway databases, microarray databases and boutique databases. It also explores the data quality and information integration issues currently involved with managing bioinformatics databases, including data quality issues that have been observed, and efforts in the data cleaning field.Biological data integration issues are also covered in-depth, and the book demonstrates how data integration can create new repositories to address the needs of the biological communities. It also presents typical data integration architectures employed in current bioinformatics databases.The latter part of the book covers biological data mining and biological data processing approaches using cloud-based technologies. General data mining approaches are discussed, as well as specific data mining methodologies that have been successfully deployed in biological data mining applications. Two biological data mining case studies are also included to illustrate how data, query, and analysis methods are integrated into user-friendly systems.Aimed at researchers and developers of bioinformatics database systems, the book is also useful as a supplementary textbook for a one-semester upper-level undergraduate course, or an introductory graduate bioinformatics course.

8. 1. 1 Protein Subcellular Location The life sciences have entered the post-genome era where the focus of biologicalresearchhasshiftedfromgenomesequencestoproteinfunctionality. Withwhole-genomedraftsofmouseandhumaninhand,scientistsareputting more and more e?ort into obtaining information about the entire proteome in a given cell type. The properties of a protein include its amino acid sequences, its expression levels under various developmental stages and in di?erenttissues,its3Dstructureandactivesites,itsfunctionalandstructural binding partners, and its subcellular location. Protein subcellular location is important for understanding protein function inside the cell. For example, the observation that the product of a gene is localized in mitochondria will support the hypothesis that this protein or gene is involved in energy metabolism. Proteins localized in the cytoskeleton are probably involved in intracellular tra?cking and support. The context of protein functionality is well represented by protein subcellular location. Proteins have various subcellular location patterns [250]. One major category of proteins is synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Soluble proteins remain in the cytoplasm after their synthesis and function as small factories catalyzing cellular metabolites. Other proteins that have a target signal in their sequences are directed to their target organelle (such as mitochondria) via posttranslational transport through the organelle membrane. Nuclear proteins are transferred through pores on the nuclear envelope to the nucleus and mostly function as regulators. The second major category of proteins is synthesized on endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated ribosomes and passes through the reticuloendothelial system, consisting of the ERand the Golgi apparatus.

The goal of this book is to help readers understand state-of-the-art techniques in biological data mining and data management and includes topics such as: - preprocessing tasks such as data cleaning and data integration as applied to biological data - classification and clustering techniques for microarrays - comparison of RNA structures based on string properties and energetics - discovery of the sequence characteristics of different parts of the genome - mining of haplotypes to find disease markers - sequencing of events leading to the folding of a protein - inference of the subcellular location of protein activity - classification of chemical compounds based on structure - special purpose metrics and index structures for phylogenetic applications - a new query language for protein searching based on the shape of proteins - very fast indexing schemes for sequences and pathways Aimed at computer scientists, necessary biology is explained.

This book contains articles written by experts on a wide range of topics that are associated with the analysis and management of biological information at the molecular level. It contains chapters on RNA and protein structure analysis, DNA computing, sequence mapping, genome comparison, gene expression data mining, metabolic network modeling, and phyloinformatics.The important work of some representative researchers in bioinformatics is brought together for the first time in one volume. The topic is treated in depth and is related to, where applicable, other emerging technologies such as data mining and visualization. The goal of the book is to introduce readers to the principle techniques of bioinformatics in the hope that they will build on them to make new discoveries of their own.

Bioinformatics, a field devoted to the interpretation and analysis of biological data using computational techniques, has evolved tremendously in recent years due to the explosive growth of biological information generated by the scientific community. Soft computing is a consortium of methodologies that work synergistically and provides, in one form or another, flexible information processing capabilities for handling real-life ambiguous situations. Several research articles dealing with the application of soft computing tools to bioinformatics have been published in the recent past; however, they are scattered in different journals, conference proceedings and technical reports, thus causing inconvenience to readers, students and researchers.This book, unique in its nature, is aimed at providing a treatise in a unified framework, with both theoretical and experimental results, describing the basic principles of soft computing and demonstrating the various ways in which they can be used for analyzing biological data in an efficient manner. Interesting research articles from eminent scientists around the world are brought together in a systematic way such that the reader will be able to understand the issues and challenges in this domain, the existing ways of tackling them, recent trends, and future directions. This book is the first of its kind to bring together two important research areas, soft computing and bioinformatics, in order to demonstrate how the tools and techniques in the former can be used for efficiently solving several problems in the latter.