Karène Sanchez Summerer – författare

Language teaching and learning were crucial to Europeans’ colonial, national, and individual enterprises in the Levant, and in these processes, “Oriental language teachers” – as they were termed prior to the Second World War – were fundamental. European state nationalisms influenced and increasingly competed with each other by promoting their languages and cultures abroad, by means of both private and governmental actors. At the same time, learning Arabic became more prominent around the Mediterranean. The first half of the twentieth century corresponded with the emergence of new media; language was thought of as a cultural product to be exported into new cultural spaces. However, many blind spots remain in the history of linguistic thought and practices, including the forgotten and neglected voices of those involved in learning and teaching Arabic. This volume aims to revisit aspects of this linguistic encounter, including its vision, profile, priorities, trajectories, and practices. A discussion of Arabic teaching across a wide geographical and temporal range - Engaging case studies which add intriguing detail and colour to historical study - Siting of language study within highly topical colonial and postcolonial contexts and debates.

The policies relating to language pursued by European monarchies and states have been widely studied, but far less attention has been given to their linguistic and cultural policies in territories outside their own borders. This volume takes an interdisciplinary approach to filling that gap, distinguishing and analysing several different types of linguistic and foreign cultural policies. Such policies, the contributors show, tended not to be proclaimed officially, but they nonetheless had lasting effects on both language and culture in Europe and beyond.

Before the modern nation-state became a stable, widespread phenomenon throughout northern Europe, multilingualism-the use of multiple languages in one geographical area-was common throughout the region. This book brings together historians and linguists, who apply their respective analytic tools to offer an interdisciplinary interpretation of the functions of multilingualism in identity-building in the period, and, from that, draw valuable lessons for understanding today's cosmopolitan societies.

Collects Bernard Heyberger's ground-breaking studies on the connected history of Middle Eastern ChristianityReframes the relationship between Ottoman Christian subjects and the surrounding societies based on unexplored archival dataShows the connections between the historical processes and cultural developments of Western Europe and of the Ottoman Near EastOffers nuanced contextual study of Christian population agency in the Middle East during the Ottoman periodIntegrate Eastern Catholicism in the history of Early Modern Roman Catholic ChurchUncovers the diversity of Arab Christian religious and cultural identification processesAdopts an interdisciplinary approach: renews the approach to the study of religious minorities in the Islamic world, combining social history, cultural history, anthropology, art historyRelies on a 'global micro-historical approach', linking together case studies and general reflections that enlightens the interactions and cultural circulation between Western and Eastern MediterraneanBernard Heyberger carved new paths in the study of Middle Eastern Christianity, helping to shed fresh light on aspects of the connected history of the Near East that had previously been neglected. His ground-breaking work has spanned many disciplines, his approach to 'global microhistory' has focused on questions of space and circulation (people, texts and objects). In addition, he has made important contributions to the social and cultural history of Early Modern Catholicism.In order to allow the international public to access his work, this volume presents a collection of Heyberger's studies for the first time in English, accompanied by an essay discussing the importance and legacy of his work and a comprehensive bibliography of his writings.

Bernard Heyberger carved new paths in the study of Middle Eastern Christianity, helping to shed fresh light on aspects of the connected history of the Near East that had previously been neglected. His ground-breaking work has spanned many disciplines, his approach to 'global microhistory' has focused on questions of space and circulation (people, texts and objects). In addition, he has made important contributions to the social and cultural history of Early Modern Catholicism. In order to allow the international public to access his work, this volume presents a collection of Heyberger's studies for the first time in English, accompanied by an essay discussing the importance and legacy of his work and a comprehensive bibliography of his writings.

This open access book investigates the transnationally connected history of Arab Christian communities in Palestine during the British Mandate (1918-1948) through the lens of the birth of cultural diplomacy.

This open access book investigates the transnationally connected history of Arab Christian communities in Palestine during the British Mandate (1918-1948) through the lens of the birth of cultural diplomacy.

Imaging and Imagining Palestine is the first comprehensive study of photography during the British Mandate period (1918–1948). It addresses well-known archives, photos from private collections never available before and archives that have until recently remained closed. This interdisciplinary volume argues that photography is central to a different understanding of the social and political complexities of Palestine in this period.While Biblical and Orientalist images abound, the chapters in this book go further by questioning the impact of photography on the social histories of British Mandate Palestine. This book considers the specific archives, the work of individual photographers, methods for reading historical photography from the present and how we might begin the process of decolonising photography."Imaging and Imagining Palestine presents a timely and much-needed critical evaluation of the role of photography in Palestine. Drawing together leading interdisciplinary specialists and engaging a range of innovative methodologies, the volume makes clear the ways in which photography reflects the shifting political, cultural and economic landscape of the British Mandate period, and experiences of modernity in Palestine. Actively problematising conventional understandings of production, circulation and the in/stability of the photographic document, Imaging and Imagining Palestine provides essential reading for decolonial studies of photography and visual culture studies of Palestine." - Chrisoula Lionis, author of Laughter in Occupied Palestine: Comedy and Identity in Art and Film"Imaging and Imagining Palestine is the first and much needed overview of photography during the British Mandate period. From well-known and accessible photographic archives to private family albums, it deals with the cultural and political relations of the period thinking about both the Western perceptions of Palestine as well as its modern social life. This book brings together an impressive array of material and analyses to form an interdisciplinary perspective that considers just how photography shapes our understanding of the past as well as the ways in which the past might be reclaimed." - Jack Persekian, Founding Director of Al Ma'mal Foundation for Contemporary Art in Jerusalem"Imaging and Imagining Palestine draws together a plethora of fresh approaches to the field of photography in Palestine. It considers Palestine as a central node in global photographic production and the ways in which photography shaped the modern imaging and imagining from within a fresh regional theoretical perspective." - Salwa Mikdadi, Director al Mawrid Arab Center for the Study of Art, New York University Abu Dhabi

'The House of the Priest’ presents and discusses the hitherto unpublished and untranslated memoirs of Niqula Khoury, a senior member of the Orthodox Church and Arab nationalist in late Ottoman and British Mandate Palestine. It discusses the complicated relationships between language, religion, diplomacy and identity in the Middle East in the interwar period. This original annotated translation and accompanying articles provide a thorough explication of Khoury’s memoirs and their significance for the social, political and religious histories of twentieth-century Palestine and Arab relations with the Greek Orthodox church. Khoury played a major role in these dynamics as a leading member of the fight for Arab presence in the Greek-dominated clergy, and for an independent Palestine, travelling in 1937 to Eastern Europe and the League of Nations on behalf of the national movement. Contributors: Sarah Irving, Charbel Nassif, Konstantinos Papastathis, Karène Sanchez Summerer, Cyrus Schayegh

A discussion of Arabic teaching across a wide geographical and temporal range - Engaging case studies which add intriguing detail and colour to historical study - Siting of language study within highly topical colonial and postcolonial contexts and debates.

Frank Scholten set out to produce an illustrated Bible, instead returning with captivating documentation of the modernist transformations and intimate views of Palestine from 1921-1923. He documented Palestine as the British Mandate was formally being established, with a taxonomical and ethnographic eye, relating to the modern world he photographed through Biblical passage to explain the complexity of social life of the ‘Holy Land’.Palestine in Transition traces the importance of Frank Scholten’s documentation of the transformations of the British Mandate period. By taking a geographical approach to the collection – like Scholten himself – this book effectively revisits his incomplete project by presenting different regions through discrete chapters by scholars specialized in each field, a century after his visit and the dramatic social, cultural and political upheavals that the ‘Holy Land’ has undergone since then.

This volume takes an interdisciplinary approach to distinguishing and analysing several different types of linguistic and foreign cultural policie pursued by European monarchies and states outside their own borders.