Marc Jeannerod – författare

Ways of seeing is a book about human vision. It results from the collaboration between a world famous cognitive neuroscientist and an eminent philosopher. In the past forty years, cognitive neuroscience has made many startling discoveries about the human brain, and about the human visual system in particular. This book brings many recent empirical findings, from electrophysiological recordings in animals, the neuropsychological examination of human patients, psychophysics, and developmental cognitive psychology, to bear on questions traditionally addressed by philosophers. What is the meaning of the English verb 'to see'? How does visual perception yield knowledge of the world? How does visual perception relate to thought? What is the role of conscious visual experience in visually guided actions? How does seeing actions relate to seeing objects? In the process the book provides a new assessment of the 'two visual systems' hypothesis, according to which the human visual system comprises two anatomical pathways with separable visual functions. The first truly interdisciplinary book about human vision, it will be of interest to students and researchers in many areas of cognitive science and the philosophy of mind.

This is the first book to offer a comprehensive overview of higher-order motor disorders. It introduces new concepts emerging from basic neurosciences and shows how they have impacted on the field of cognitive motor control and led to new vistas for the understanding of Higher-order Motor Disorders far beyond the traditional field of topological diagnosis. It describes in detail a wide range of clinical disorders including those of bimanual co-ordination, apraxia and sensorimotor transformation deficits, motor neglect, anarchic hand syndrome, imitation and utilisation behaviours, action motivational and action monitoring disorders, as well as new approaches to motor cortex plasticity and reorganisation and rehabilitation of complex movement problems. The book reviews the topic, starting with a description of the neuroanatomical, neurobiological and cognitive basis of normal motor behaviours, before moving on to cover the clinical features of the disordered states. The final chapters cover the issues of plasticity and recovery, pharmacological treatments and rehabilitation.This volume will stimulate research and foster new insights into cognitive and motivational motor disorders. With expert contributions from the major international centres in Europe and the Americas his book gives a truly new framework for a complex and confusing field.

'Motor Cognition' describes the field of motor cognition - one to which the author's contribution has been seminal. The book examines how the motor actions we perform and watch others perform play a pivotal role in the construction of the 'self' - our ability to acknowledge and recognise our own identity.

Our ability to acknowledge and recognise our own identity - our 'self' - is a characteristic doubtless unique to humans. Where does this feeling come from? How does the combination of neurophysiological processes coupled with our interaction with the outside world construct this coherent identity? We know that our social interactions contribute via the eyes, ears etc. However, our self is not only influenced by our senses. It is also influenced by the actions we perform and those we see others perform. Our brain anticipates the effects of our own actions and simulates the actions of others. In this way, we become able to understand ourselves and to understand the actions and emotions of others. This book is the first to describe the new field of 'Motor Cognition' - one to which the author's contribution has been seminal. Though motor actions have long been studied by neuroscientists and physiologists, it is only recently that scientists have considered the role of actions in building the self. How consciousness of action is part of self-consciousness, how one's own actions determine the sense of being an agent, how actions performed by others impact on ourselves for understanding others, differentiating ourselves from them and learning from them: these questions are raised and discussed throughout the book, drawing on experimental, clinical, and theoretical bases.The advent of new neuroscience techniques, like neuroimaging and direct electrical brain stimulation, together with a renewal of behavioral methods in cognitive psychology, provide new insights into this area. Mental imagery of action, self-recognition, consciousness of actions, imitation can be objectively studied using these new tools. The results of these investigations shed light on clinical disorders in neurology, psychiatry and in neuro-development.This is a major new work that will lay down the foundations for the field of motor cognition.

This book is one of the first in an exciting new series of tutorials in cognitive neuroscience, and provides a concise, readable and up-to-date review of cognitive and neuroscience studies of the representations for actions. The fundamental question addressed concerns the nature and role of different representations in the planning and execution of movements.

Compiled as a result of the Thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, this collection focuses on the Symposium's theme: Organization of Action. The book is arranged in sections which provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Several aspects of the theme were considered, including: the anatomical and physiological constraints on motor preparation and execution . the influence of control (proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, oculomotor) signals the contribution of kinematics to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of cognitive constraints such as attention or learning in goal selection This new volume is of particular interest to professionals and researchers in cognitive psychology, physiology, and neuropsychology as well as those studying motor skills.

Compiled as a result of the Thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, this collection focuses on the Symposium''s theme: Organization of Action. The book is arranged in sections which provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Several aspects of the theme were considered, including:

the anatomical and physiological constraints on motor preparation and execution the influence of control (proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, oculomotor) signals the contribution of kinematics to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of cognitive constraints such as attention or learning in goal selection

This new volume is of particular interest to professionals and researchers in cognitive psychology, physiology, and neuropsychology as well as those studying motor skills.

Compiled as a result of the Thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, this collection focuses on the Symposium''s theme: Organization of Action. The book is arranged in sections which provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Several aspects of the theme were considered, including:

the anatomical and physiological constraints on motor preparation and execution the influence of control (proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, oculomotor) signals the contribution of kinematics to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of cognitive constraints such as attention or learning in goal selection

This new volume is of particular interest to professionals and researchers in cognitive psychology, physiology, and neuropsychology as well as those studying motor skills.

Compiled as a result of the Thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, this collection focuses on the Symposium's theme: Organization of Action. The book is arranged in sections which provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Several aspects of the theme were considered, including: the anatomical and physiological constraints on motor preparation and execution . the influence of control (proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, oculomotor) signals the contribution of kinematics to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of cognitive constraints such as attention or learning in goal selection This new volume is of particular interest to professionals and researchers in cognitive psychology, physiology, and neuropsychology as well as those studying motor skills.

Pour la première fois, un psychanalyste et un neurophysiologiste ont choisi de mêler leurs voix pour faire progresser le savoir. Chacun brille plus par ses qualités d''écoute, son absence de concessions que par sa volonté polémique. De précieuses passerelles sont jetées, qui annoncent peut-être l''avènement d''une autre psychologie. Jacques Hochmann est professeur de psychiatrie et psychanalyste. Marc Jeannerod est neurophysiologiste et professeur de physiologie.

A peine née, la psychologie suscita la rivalité de deux sciences : la philosophie et la biologie. Ce long conflit entre matérialisme et spiritualisme, qui se poursuit aujourd''hui sous d''autres formes, a sans doute été le principal moteur de ses progrès. Ce que nous savons aujourd''hui de l''esprit résulte de cette histoire. Biologie et psychologie s''y sont mutuellement façonnées. Il est impossible de saisir l''imbrication actuelle de ces deux disciplines, ni ce que l''on sait aujourd''hui du cerveau et de l''esprit, sans comprendre cette genèse commune. Marc Jeannerod retrace ici ce long affrontement. Avec érudition et clarté, il nous montre comment des questions comme celles de la nature des réflexes, de l''unicité de l''esprit , de la localisation de l''intelligence (ou, pour la biologie, de la "localisation des facultés"), du développement de la pensée, ou encore du statut des déviances et des pathologies, se sont constituées à travers cette querelle. On verra dans ce livre s''affronter les savants et les disciplines, réapparaître des questions qui semblaient résolues, mais se déplacent ou sont reformulées dans d''autres contextes. On verra, surtout, comment, après deux siècles de cette querelle de l''esprit, est rendue possible la tentative moderne d''instauration d''une véritable physiologie du mental. Marc Jeannerod est professeur de physiologie à l''Université Claude Bernard et directeur à Lyon, d''une unité de recherche Inserm en neurophysiologie. Il est l''auteur du Cerveau-machine, et, avec Jacques Hochman, de Esprit où es-tu ? (Éditions Odile Jacob, 1991)

Qui n’a jamais rêvé d’entrer dans son propre cerveau ? De le visiter de l’intérieur ? De découvrir, pas après pas, cet univers mystérieux de synapses et de neurones, de connexions et de réseaux ? Voici le plus précieux des guides pour un étonnant voyage au plus intime de nous-même. Le cerveau orchestre notre corps et nos sens, notre mémoire et notre pensée, notre représentation du monde et notre relation aux autres. De l’émotion à l’intelligence, du stress au plaisir, du langage à la société, il nous raconte une histoire, la nôtre. Professeur à l’université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-I, Marc Jeannerod est directeur de l’Institut des sciences cognitives. Il est l’auteur de plusieurs ouvrages, dont, aux Éditions Odile Jacob, La Nature de l’esprit, De la physiologie mentale, histoire des relations entre biologie et psychologie, et avec Jacques Hochmann, Esprit où es-tu ?Psychanalyse et neurosciences. Il est également l’auteur de l’exposition Le Cerveau intime à la Cité des sciences et de l’industrie.

Les sciences cognitives se proposent de " naturaliser l''esprit ". Quel est le sens de ce projet ? Nos connaissances sur le cerveau permettent-elles de le réaliser ? Pour répondre à ces questions, Marc Jeannerod prend des exemples comme la biologie des émotions, l''apparition du langage ou les mécanismes de la communication entre les individus. À travers eux, il présente la découverte la plus récente des sciences cognitives : les neurones miroirs, mobilisés aussi bien par la réalisation que par la représentation de l''action. Cette introduction à l''une des grandes révolutions scientifiques de notre temps expose aussi ses implications cliniques, notamment pour la compréhension de maladies comme la schizophrénie ou l''autisme. Marc Jeannerod est professeur de physiologie à l''université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-I et directeur de l''Institut des sciences cognitives.

Comment peut-on sourire sans lèvres ? Pourquoi un traumatisme condamne-t-il à la répétition ?Qu’est-ce que perdre la raison ?Comment en arrive-t-on à ne plus penser ce qu’on dit ni à dire ce qu’on pense ?Pourquoi peut-on se sentir poursuivi par des voix menaçantes ?Comment parvient-on à isoler le cerveau des émotions ?Pourquoi peut-on voir sans en être conscient ? Comment planifions-nous nos actions ?Et comment contrôlons-nous nos mouvements ?Dans ces neuf histoires, Marc Jeannerod porte un regard clinique sur des personnes rencontrées dans la vie de tous les jours. Il décrit leur apparence ou leur comportement étranges et explique les troubles ou les lésions neurologiques qui altèrent leur aspect physique, leurs capacités mentales, leur lien social. Une réflexion émouvante sur la fragilité humaine. Marc Jeannerod est professeur de physiologie à l’université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-I et directeur de l’Institut des sciences cognitives. Il est membre de l''Académie des sciences. Il a notamment publié Le Cerveau intime.

Par l’un des grands physiologistes français, voici une vie de recherches sur le cerveau et l’esprit, où Marc Jeannerod raconte ses premiers travaux, fait le point sur ses théories concernant l’action et la volonté, retrace ce que fut la révolution cognitive en France et s’explique aussi sur ses échanges constants avec la philosophie ou encore ses rapports avec la psychanalyse.« Un recul d’une cinquantaine d’années donne une profondeur de champ suffisante pour évaluer la cohérence d’une démarche scientifique. Comme souvent en science, le but ne devient clair qu’a posteriori ; il se dégage d’une évolution qui n’était pas prévisible au départ, qui fait qu’on n’a finalement pas trouvé ce qu’on croyait chercher. »La science en train de se faire à travers de grandes figures du monde scientifique français. Une excellente introduction à ce qu’a été la montée des recherches sur le cerveau et la cognition en France ces dernières décennies. Marc Jeannerod est professeur émérite de physiologie à l’université Claude-Bernard de Lyon et fondateur de l’Institut des sciences cognitives. Il est membre de l’Académie des sciences. Il a publié notamment Le Cerveau intime, Le Cerveau volontaire et La Nature de l’esprit.

La volonté est au cœur de la réalité humaine, elle est la manifestation de notre être intérieur. Comment le cerveau assure-t-il sa mise en œuvre ? Paradoxalement, il semblerait que son activité se développe à l’insu de l’auteur et anticipe l’apparition de l’expérience consciente. La conscience d’être l’auteur d’une action ne serait-elle donc qu’une illusion ?Ce livre défend au contraire l’idée que son rôle est d’assurer le lien entre le moment où une action est voulue et celui où le but a été atteint. C’est par ce lien que l’auteur peut s’identifier lui-même comme la cause de ses actions. La déficience pathologique de ces mécanismes dans la démence et la psychose aboutit à la perte de la conscience de soi, à la croyance délirante d’être sous la dépendance de forces extérieures et au déni de sa propre responsabilité. Marc Jeannerod développe ici une nouvelle théorie de l’action fondée à la fois sur l’observation clinique et sur les acquisitions les plus récentes des neurosciences. Fidèle à sa méthode, il intègre sa théorie dans une tradition scientifique interdisciplinaire en la confrontant aux travaux de la psychologie cognitive, de la psychiatrie et de la philosophie de l’esprit. Marc Jeannerod est professeur émérite de physiologie à l’université Claude-Bernard et fondateur de l’Institut des sciences cognitives. Il est membre de l’Académie des sciences.

This volume contains chapters derived from a N. A. T. O. Advanced Study Institute held in June 1983. As the director of this A. S. I. it was my hope that some of the e1ectrophysiologists could express the potentialities of their work for perceptual theory, and that some perceptionists could speculate on the underlying "units" of perception in a way that would engage the imagination of physio­ logists. The reader will have to be the judge of whether this was achieved, or whether such a psychophysiological inter1ingua is still overly idealistic. It is clear that after the revolution prec~pitated by Hube1 and Weisel in understanding of visual cortical neurons we still have only a foggy idea of the behavioral output of any particular species of cortical detector. It was therefore particularly unfortunate that two persons who have made great strides in correlating interesting facets of cat cortical physio­ logy with human psychophysics (Max Cynader and Martin Regan of Dalhousie University) were unable to attend this meeting. Never­ theless, a number of new and challenging ideas regarding both spatial perception and cortical mechanisms are represented in this volume, and it is hoped that the reader will remember not only the individual demonstrations but the critical questions posed by the apposition of the two different collections of experimental facts. David Ingle April 1984 VII TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V D. N. Lee and D. S. Young Visual Timing of Interceptive Action 1 J. J.

This volume contains chapters derived from a N. A. T. O. Advanced Study Institute held in June 1983. As the director of this A. S. I. it was my hope that some of the e1ectrophysiologists could express the potentialities of their work for perceptual theory, and that some perceptionists could speculate on the underlying "units" of perception in a way that would engage the imagination of physio­ logists. The reader will have to be the judge of whether this was achieved, or whether such a psychophysiological inter1ingua is still overly idealistic. It is clear that after the revolution prec~pitated by Hube1 and Weisel in understanding of visual cortical neurons we still have only a foggy idea of the behavioral output of any particular species of cortical detector. It was therefore particularly unfortunate that two persons who have made great strides in correlating interesting facets of cat cortical physio­ logy with human psychophysics (Max Cynader and Martin Regan of Dalhousie University) were unable to attend this meeting. Never­ theless, a number of new and challenging ideas regarding both spatial perception and cortical mechanisms are represented in this volume, and it is hoped that the reader will remember not only the individual demonstrations but the critical questions posed by the apposition of the two different collections of experimental facts. David Ingle April 1984 VII TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V D. N. Lee and D. S. Young Visual Timing of Interceptive Action 1 J. J.