Philip Stewart – författare

This volume has its origins in an international seminar where eighteen scholars representing a number of academic fields were invited to consider the eighteenth-century colonial enterprise from a more global and interdisciplinary perspective. Among the issues that arose then, and that are more fully elaborated here, are: the nature and goals of the many colonial expeditions that were undertaken at the time; the manners and means in which these were carried out; the differences between them; and the similarities that they shared. Relying on a variety of sources that include historical archives, literary texts, travel journals, visual and material artefacts and critical studies, the authors explore eighteenth-century colonialism as it was practised and manifested around the world: Europe, Africa, the Americas, the South Pacific, and Asia. What emerges from their essays is the image of a Eurocentric practice with global implications whose themes, despite the diversity existing among the preponderant colonial powers, were oft repeated.As a result, the essays presented here are grouped into four sub-headings – Representations, Mercantilism, Religion and ideology, and Slavery – each of which is integral to an understanding of colonial and post-colonial theories and of their respective consequences and interpretations. The motives of colonisers, as well as their critics, were both multiple and shared during the eighteenth century. These engendered complex sets of arguments – philosophical, political, economic, and social – which the contributors to this volume examine in detail in such disparate geo-political areas as Mexico and Thailand, Senegal and China.

Depuis les travaux innovateurs de Georges May et de Henri Coulet, qui furent parmi les premiers à identifier l’importance intellectuelle et esthétique du roman en tant qu’objet d’études, nous avons assisté à une expansion énorme du corpus de textes analysés; nous en disposons à la fois dans des éditions savantes et des éditions moins spécialisées. L’intérêt critique porté au roman du dix-huitième siècle n’a jamais été aussi grand.Ce volume réunit les travaux d’une équipe internationale de spécialistes qui réexaminent la contribution apportée par différentes approches critiques du roman: l’histoire culturelle et l’histoire de l’imprimerie, l’analyse textuelle et rhétorique, les études sur le genre, sur la traduction et sur l’illustration. Les auteurs éclairent d’un jour nouveau l’évolution des goûts des lecteurs et des attitudes critiques, et prouvent la dégradation progressive de hypothèses souvent trop limitées sur la nature et l’origine du genre.Ces études démontrent que le roman ne peut pas se réduire à une seule caractéristique, surtout pas au simple ‘réalisme’, et que son importance et l’intérêt qu’il suscite perdurent en raison de la diversité même de ses formes, du langage qu’il utilise et des sujets innovateurs qu’il aborde.Dans ces articles que leurs multiples facettes rendent si stimulants, Le Second Triomphe du roman du XVIIIe siècleapporte au lecteur de nouvelles façons de lire au vingt et unième siècle le roman du dix-huitième.

Comment s’est créé le concept psychologique et esthétique du ‘sentiment’ tel qu’on le connaît dans la littérature du dix-huitième siècle? Tracer la transformation de la terrible passion de l’ère classique, que l’individu subit, en doux sentiment qui fait partie intégrante de la notion qu’on a de soi: telle est la visée de Ph. Stewart dans cet ouvrage.Traitant à la fois de la France et de l’Angleterre, l’auteur montre comment s’est établie, au cours d’une période allant de 1650 à 1730, la notion du sentiment. S’appuyant sur des textes tant philosophiques que littéraires, Ph. Stewart trace les origines d’un nouvel espace sémantique dans les interstices des passions classiques, ouvrant le champ à l’analyse d’affections plus nuancées et aussi plus positives. Après un premier chapitre sur l’analyse des expressions affectives en général, l’auteur étudie successivement la période qui suit le traité des ‘passions de l’âme’ de Descartes, l’apport particulier de Prévost, Marivaux et Crébillon, et le tournant vers le sentiment moralisant au milieu du siècle.Cette étude permet ainsi de mieux comprendre la manière dont le mot ‘sentiment’ en est venu à signifier, non plus ‘opinion’ comme au dix-septième siècle, mais une nouvelle façon de décrire les émotions. On ne craint plus les sentiments, on apprend à les goûter, voire à en jouir.

Philip Stewart demonstrates that in each of three novels--Marivaux's La Vie de Marianne, Diderot's La Religieuse, and Rousseau's Julie ou la Nouvelle Heloise-the characters' sincerity disguises how incompletely the meaning of their own experience is resolved. However clear their premises, ambiguity creeps in, compromising or subtly contradicting the clarity of their vision. Stewart reveals these countercurrents or repressive rhetorical strategies and situates them with respect to the broad thematics of each work.

Since the last biography of Montesquieu in English (Shackleton, Oxford, 1961) Montesquieu scholarship has been entirely renewed, culminating in a critical edition of his complete works in twenty-two volumes that is nearing completion. Since 1998, this new edition of the complete works has considerably modified what was known about Montesquieu and his procedures, eliciting new translations and further studies. Additionally, several thousand manuscript pages were made public in 1994 and continue to generate further scholarly inquiry. The author of this compact biography, originally published by Gallimard 2017, is the director of the critical edition of the works and the most qualified scholar of Montesquieu. At once an introduction to Montesquieu's thought and a synthesis of current knowledge about his life and work, this book is full of insights and revised judgements about Montesquieu and how his political philosophy helped thrust Enlightenment onto the European agenda.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.The field of plant physiology includes the study of all chemical and physical processes of plants, from the molecular-level interactions of photosynthesis and the diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients within the plant, to the larger-scale processes of plant growth, dormancy and reproduction. This new book covers a broad array of topics within the field. Plant Physiology focuses on the study of the internal activities of plants, including research into the molecular interactions of photosynthesis and the internal diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients. Also included are investigations into the processes of plant development, seasonality, dormancy, and reproductive control. The chapters focus on various aspects of plant physiology, including phytochemistry; interactions within a plant between cells, issues, and organs; ways in which plants regulate their internal functions; and how plants respond to conditions and variations within the environment. Given the environmental crises brought about by pollution and climate change, this is a particularly vital area of study, since stress from water loss, changes in air chemistry, or crowding by other plants can lead to changes in the way a plant function. Readers of this book will gain the information they need to stay current with the latest research being done in this essential field of study.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.In order to function and survive, plants produce a wide array of chemical compounds not found in other organisms. Photosynthesis requires a large array of pigments, enzymes, and other compounds to function, and these chemicals have multiple practical uses in the human world as well, with applications to agriculture, forestry, and horticulture. This book presents an important collection of research and studies on the physiology of photosynthesis.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.In horticulture, agriculture, and food science, plants’ reproductive physiology is an important topic relating to fruits and vegetables, the main consumable parts of plants. All aspects of plant physiology, including plants’ reproductive systems, are important to the production of food, fibers, medicine, cosmetics, and even fuels. This volume presents many new studies on plants’ reproductive systems, including new research on sperm cells in plant reproduction; the effect of herbivory on plant reproduction; disturbances to functional diversity; plant genes, hormones, DNA; and much more.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.This volume includes the latest research into the diseases that affect non-vascular plants. The chapters bring to light the most recent studies of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases. The information provided here helps readers to stay current with this field’s ongoing research and ever-developing knowledge base.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.In order to function and survive, plants produce a wide array of chemical compounds not found in other organisms. Photosynthesis requires a large array of pigments, enzymes, and other compounds to function, and these chemicals have multiple practical uses in the human world as well, with applications to agriculture, forestry, and horticulture. This book presents an important collection of research and studies on the physiology of photosynthesis.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.In horticulture, agriculture, and food science, plants’ reproductive physiology is an important topic relating to fruits and vegetables, the main consumable parts of plants. All aspects of plant physiology, including plants’ reproductive systems, are important to the production of food, fibers, medicine, cosmetics, and even fuels. This volume presents many new studies on plants’ reproductive systems, including new research on sperm cells in plant reproduction; the effect of herbivory on plant reproduction; disturbances to functional diversity; plant genes, hormones, DNA; and much more.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.The field of plant physiology includes the study of all chemical and physical processes of plants, from the molecular-level interactions of photosynthesis and the diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients within the plant, to the larger-scale processes of plant growth, dormancy and reproduction. This new book covers a broad array of topics within the field. Plant Physiology focuses on the study of the internal activities of plants, including research into the molecular interactions of photosynthesis and the internal diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients. Also included are investigations into the processes of plant development, seasonality, dormancy, and reproductive control. The chapters focus on various aspects of plant physiology, including phytochemistry; interactions within a plant between cells, issues, and organs; ways in which plants regulate their internal functions; and how plants respond to conditions and variations within the environment. Given the environmental crises brought about by pollution and climate change, this is a particularly vital area of study, since stress from water loss, changes in air chemistry, or crowding by other plants can lead to changes in the way a plant function. Readers of this book will gain the information they need to stay current with the latest research being done in this essential field of study.

This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.This volume includes the latest research into the diseases that affect non-vascular plants. The chapters bring to light the most recent studies of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases. The information provided here helps readers to stay current with this field’s ongoing research and ever-developing knowledge base.